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General Knowledge
Written by:Zahid Asghar
Continents of the world
S.No Continent Highest Point Lowest point
01 Asia Mount Everest Dead sea
02 Africa Kilimanjaro Assal lake
03 North America Denali Death valley
04 South America Aconcagua Valdes
05 Europe Elbrus Caspian sea
06 Australia Kosciusko Lake Eyre
07 Antarctica Vinson Massif Deep lake
MOUNTAINS
o Mount Olympus is in Greece.
o The mountain range in Russia that is regarded as the boundary b/w Europe & Asia is Urals.
o Margalla Hills of Islamabad are extension of Himalaya range.
o Ural Mountains separate Asia from Europe.
o Ordovician are oldest rocks.
o Oldest mountain system are Araveli.
o Youngest mountain system are Himaliyas.
o Andes Mountains are in South America.
o Ring of Fire are volcanoes in Circum-Pacific Seismic belt.
o Alps are Europe’s largest mountain system.
o Atlas are North Africa’s mountain range. Atlas Mountains are in Morocco.
o The Himalaya mountain range (Asia) is the greatest mountain range in the world.
o Ayers Rock is the largest single rock in the world.
o Mauna kea volcano is in Hawaii
o What is the world’s longest mountain range-The Andes
o Black forest is a mountain in Germany.
o Rocky or Rockies Mountains is the largest mountain system of North America.
o Koh-i-Sultan is in Pakistan.
o Highest mountain system in the world is Himalayas.
o Sefid Koh is mountain range in Afghanistan.
o Blue Mountains are in Australia.
o Mauna Kea volcano is in Hawaii.
o What is the name of the second highest mountain in Africa-Mount Kenya
o In what modern country is mount Ararat-Turkey
o Most active volcano Italiana is situated in Hawaii.
o Mount Everest is in Himalaya range with height 29,028 feet first ascent made on May 29, 1953.
o K2 named Goodwin Austin or Chagori is in Karakoram Range with 28,250 ft height. First ascent made
on July 31, 1954.
o Nanga Parbat is in Himalaya range is known as Killer Mountain with height 26,660 ft. First ascent was
made on July 3, 1953.
o Broad Peak I is in Karakoram Range with height 26,470.
o Tirich Mir is in Hindu Kush Mountain.
o Prince Charles is mountain range in Antarctica.
o Zardak is the highest peak of Kirthar range.
o Where are the glasshouse mountains- Queensland Australia

MOUNTAIN PASSES
o Namni Pass is in Myanmar.
o Khunjerab Pass is highest pas in Pakistan.
o Alpine Pass is in USA.
o Lowari Pass is in Pakistan.
o Khojak tunnel is in Balouchistan.
o Bolan (Sulaiman range) pass is in Baluchistan.
o Kolpur pass is in Baluchistan.
o Shandur Pass is in Pakistan.
o Donner pass is in California (USA)
o Hispar & Biafo glacier is in Pakistan.
o Siachen glacier is in Karakoram Range.
o Baltoro gracier is in Karakoram Range.
o Chogo Lugma is in Karakoram Range.
o Hispar glacier is in Hunza.
o Malaspina glacier is in Alaska (US),
o Tasman glacier is in New Zealand.
o Alpine is the highest mountain pass in the world.
o Siachen, batoro and chogo lugma glaciers are in Karakorum.
o April 1984, India conducted an Operation known as 'Operation Meghdoot’ to capture Siachen.
o Siachen Glacier is the World’s Biggest Glacier outside the two Poles. It is also the world's Highest
Glacier that is why it is referred to as "The Third Pole." It is also the World's Highest Battle Ground
Ever
o Africa is without glaciers.
o Highest point of Asia is Mount Everest (Nepal-Tibet).
o Mount Aconcagua, highest peak in the western hemisphere, located in the Andes Mountains of western
Argentina, near the border with Chile.
o Bodpo La pass is highest pass in Tibet (China) with height 19,412.
o Vesuvius is a volcano in Italy.
o Swat valley is in the mountain range of... hindukash
o Saddle peak is highest peak in Anandaman & Nicobar Islands.
o Karoko tao is a volcano in Indonesia.
o Approximately the south west monsoon begins in Pakistan in late July.
OCEANS
o Largest ocean is pacific, then Atlantic, Indian and then Arctic.
o Largest sea is South China Sea, then Caribbean Sea, then Mediterranean sea, Behring Sea Gulf of
Mexico, Sea of Japan, Hudson Bay, East China Sea, Andaman Sea, then Black sea then Red sea and in
the last Baltic sea.
o Sea of Japan is famous for fishing area.
o Total seas are 12.
o Bermuda Triange is located in Atlantic Ocean.
o Diego Garcia is in Indian Ocean.
o The deepest place in the Indian Ocean is Sunda Trench.
o Caspian Sea is located in Iraq-Azerbaijan, Turkmensitan, Kazakhstan & Russia.
o Caspian Sea is the largest salt water lake in the world.
o Caspian Sea water is shared by Iran, Russia & Azerbaijan.
o Which sea is sometimes called the Euxine Sea- Black Sea
o What sea is directly north of Poland- Baltic sea
o Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean.
o Cyprus is an island in the Mediterranean Sea.
o The waters of Caspian Sea are shared by Russia, Iran & Azerbaijan.
o What is the worlds largest sea (in area): South China
o Aral Sea is in Central Asia (Kazakhstan). Aral is an inland sea.
o What is the world's warmest sea- The Red Sea
o Aegean Sea is located in Atlantic Ocean.
o Sargasso Sea is without a coastline.
o Which of the following cause ocean currents? Permanent winds
o Nether land’s land is below sea level.
o Atlantic Ocean is called the “Herring Pond”.

FAMOUS SEA PORTS
o Abadan is in Iran.
o Alexandria is in Egypt.
o Antwerp is in Belgium.
o Aqaba is in Jordan.
o Bandar Bushehr is in Iran.
o Bristol is in UK.
o Cardiff is in UK.
o Plymouth is in UK
o Le Harve is in France.
o Marseilles is in France.
o New Orleans is in USA.
o Penang is in Malaysia.
o Chalna is in Bangladesh.
o Dammam is in Saudi Arabia.
o Glasgow is in UK.
o Hambrug is in Germany.
o Hochi Minh is in Vietnam.
o Honolulu is in USA.
o Latakia is in Syria.
o Phildelphia is in USA.
o Port Said is in Egypt.
o Rio-de-Janeiro is in Brazil.
o Rotterdam is in Netherlands.
o Tartous is in Syria.
o Valparaiso is in Chile.
o Yokohama is in Japan.
o Zadar is in Croatia.
o Pondicherry is in India south of Chennai.
o Port Hercourt is the 2nd largest port of Nigeria.
o Darwin is the sea port of Australia.
o "Haifa" is the seaport of which country? Israel.
o Seattle sea pot.... USA
o Santos is known as the “Coffee Port” of the world.
o In which US state is its highest mountain- Alaska – Mount McKinley
o Dickson is the seaport of Malaysia.
o Tartus is the seaport of Syria.
FAMOUS STRAITS
o Palk Strait separates India from Sri Lanaka.
o Babul Mandab strait separates Arabia from Africa.
o Babel-Mandab strait leads into the Red Sea.
o Red sea is b/w Arabia and Africa.
o Davis Strait separates Greenland from Baffin Island.
o The Davis Strait lies between Canada and Greenland
o Messina strait separates Italy from Sicily.
o Johor strait separates Malaysia from Singapore.
o Bass Strait separates Australia from Tasmania.
o Florida Strait separates Cuba from Florida. It joins Atlantic Ocean with Gulf of Mexico.
o Dover strait separates England from France.
o Gibraltar Strait separates Spain and Africa and joins Mediterranean Sea with Atlantic Ocean.
o Torres Strait separates Australia and Papua New Guinea
o Bering Strait separates Asia from Africa and joins the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.
o Bosporus Strait connects Black Sea with the Sea of Marmora.
o Dardanelles strait (Turkey) joins Marmora sea with Aegean Sea.
o Malacca (Indonesia) strait separates Sumatra from Malay Peninsula. It is longest strait in the world.
o Mozambique strait is the broadest strait in the world. It is b/w Mozambique and Madagascar.
o Sunda strait separates Sumatra from Java Island.
o 40% of world oil passes through... Strait of Hormuz
o The gateway to the Gulf of Iran is Strait of Hormuz
FAMOUS RIVERS

o Third world comprises of 70% of world population.
o Hamun Mashkel Lake (Baluchistan) is salt water lake.
o Most important crop of Nile delta is Cotton.
o Pak: is 4th among world’s largest cotton producers.
o A famous natural bridge is located in Virginia.
o Eskimos live in North America.
o Iberian Peninsula is a part of Europe.
o The number of CARS is five.
o Height of Islamabad is 2000 ft: above sea level.
o The Devil Tower present in US is a volcano.
o Hudson Bay is largest bay and is in Northern Canada.
o Largest gulf is Gulf of Mexico.
o Grand Canal is oldest man made canal for shipping purpose in China.
o Shark bay is in Western Australia.
o English Channel separates England from France.
o Gulf of Sidra is in Libya.
o Red river is in USA.
o Gulf of lion is in France.
o Churchill water fall is in Canada.
o Danube River is in Romania (Europe). It pours into Black sea.
o The Volga is Europe longest river what is the second longest Danube
o Volga River is in Russia.
o What is the only river that flows both north and south of equator - The Congo
o New Zealand is situated in the region of Oceania.
o Oxus River (also called Amu Darya) is flowing between Afghanistan and Tajikistan. It is the largest
river of central Asia.
o Bari Doab is the area lying between River Ravi and River Beas.
o SURMA is the name of a river.
o Windermere Lake is the largest lake of UK.
o What is France’s longest river: Loire
o Hundroo (Hundrubagh) Water Falls are in India.
o An iceberg floating in sea will have one-tenth of its mass above the surface of water.
o Jog Falls are the highest waterfalls in India.
o Which river is in Lebanon? River Latani
o Highest salinity is found in the Great Salt Lake in USA.
o Niagara Falls was discovered by Louis Hennepin
o Madagascar is popularly known as the Island of Cloves
o River Darling is in Australia.
o Gateway of Pacific is Panama Canal.
o Panama Canal links Pacific Ocean with Atlantic Ocean.
o Panama Canal was opened in 1914.
o Panama Canal links North America with South America.
o Amazon River crosses Equator twice.
o The Amazon river rises in which country-Peru
o Amazon River is largest river in terms of volume. It is in Brazil. It pours into Atlantic Ocean.
o The longest and largest river in Asia is Yangtze.
o The largest river in China is The Yangtze River.
o The Soan and the Haro are the two rivers of Potohar Plateau.
o Aswan dam is constructed on river Nile.
o World’s largest earth filled dam is Tarbela.
o Voctoria falls are on the border b/w Zimbabwe & South Africa.
o Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in world extending from Peru to Bolivia.
o Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. It is located in Siberia.
o Indus River pours into Arabian Sea.
o After Indus, the longest river is Sutlaj in Pakistan.
o The longest river in South Asia is the Brahmputra.
o Nile River pours its water into Mediterranean Sea.
o Don River pours its water into Sea of Azov.
o Tigris River pours its water into Caspian Sea.
o Lake Mead is a man-made largest lake in the world.
o The largest river in France is Lore
o Most populated lake is Lake Eire.
o Suez Canal is 170 Km long constructed in 1869.
o The Suez Canal was constructed in 1869.
o The Suez Canal link the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. The Canal was constructed by a French
Engineer, Ferdinand De Lesseps.
o The Suez Canal was nationalized by Col. Nasser on 26th July, 1956.
o Mariana trench is the deepest part in the ocean and it lies in Pacific Ocean. It is also called the deepest
seafloor depression in the world.
o River Zambezi flows in Southeast Africa.

o Euphrates flows in Syria and Iraq.
o Mesopotamia is the region b/w Tigris & Euphrates.
o Mississippi river flows in USA. Mississippi is longest river of America.
o Missouri river flows in USA
o Hudson River flows in USA.
o Lake Michigan flows in USA.
o Golden River flows in Alaska, Canada.
o In what country are the Painted Lakes- Indonesia
o Name the river that flows through Baghdad- Tigris
o What city has the most canals- Birmingham
o Suez Canal was acquired by Britain in 1875 and nationalized by Egypt in 1956. It remains closed 1967-
75 after Arab Israel War.
o Thames River is in England.
o Seine River is in France.
o Hang He river is in China.
o Victoria Lake forms boundary line b/w Tanzania and Uganda.
o Victoria Lake is in Africa.
o Source River Jhelum is Verinag.
o Lake Superior is the largest fresh water lake in the world. It is located in North America (USA-Canada).
o Lake Victoria is located in Kenya-Tanzania and Uganda.
o Great Bear Lake is located in Canada.
o Huron Lake is in USA-Canada.
o In which country would you find Lake Disappointment Australia
o The Amazon river dolphins are what colour- Pink
o Which of the following rivers rises in lake Lan-Ka Tso in Tibet? Sutlej
o Volga River pours its water into Caspian Sea it is longest river of Europe.
o Don is a river of Russia.
o Lake Erie (N.America) is most polluted lake in the world.
o Lake Mead on the Arizona-Nevada is largest man-made lake in USA.
o Baikal Lake is in Siberian desert.
o Palk Bay lies b/w Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal.
o Panama Canal connects Atlantic Ocean with Pacific Ocean.
o 3- Gorges Dam is in .. China
o Indus originates from Tibet near Mansorowar Lake.
o The Victoria Falls in Africa is located on river Zambezi. It is the highest fall of Africa.
o Mt Merapi is located on Java.
o What is the longest river in Australia- Murray-Darling
o Gulf Stream is an ocean current named after the Gulf of Mexico.
o The panch Pokhri Lake situated in the Himalaya Mountains is the highest lake in the world.
o Aswan dam is in Egypt.
o Word Tsunami is of Japanese language.
o Largest coral reef is in Australia.
o Colorado River forms Grand Canyon.
o River Rhine is in Western Europe.
o The Victoria Falls is located in Zimbabwe.
o Highest fall of world Angel Falls is on river Carrao Venezuela.
o Niagara fall is in North America b/w America & Canada.
o Ribbon fall is in North America.
o Silver Strand fall is in North America.
o Grand Canal is located in People’s Republic of china.
o After Australia, Europe is the smallest continent.
o ‘Victoria falls’ is located in Rhodesia.
o Deccan Plateau is in Asia.
o Asia is the largest continent and covers about 1/3 of the world’s total land area.
o Both the highest and lowest points on the earth are found in Asia.
o The lowest point of Asia is Dead Sea which is about 397 meter below sea level.
o Dead Sea lying b/w Israel and Jordan.
o Asia Minor is a geographical expression, a part to Turkey.
o The world’s longest river, the Nile is located in Africa.
o Africa is also known as Dark Continent.
o Highest point of South America is Mount Aconcagua (Argentina) and lowest point is Valdes Peninsula
(Argentina).
o Highest Point of North America is Mount Mckinley and the lowest point is Death Valley (California,
USA).
o Highest point of Africa is Kibo, a peak of Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) and lowest point is Lake Assal
(Djibouti).
o Highest point of Europe is Mount El’brus and the lowest point is Caspian Sea.
o Highest point in Antarctica is Vinson Massif.
o Highest point in Australia is Mount Kosciusko (New South Wales) and the lowest point is Lake Eyre
(South Australia).
o The lowest point of the North America is the Death Valley located in California.

o Danube River flows in Austria.
o Victoria River is the chief source of River Nile.
o Dardanelles connects black Sea and Mediterranean.
o Black sea is so called because a dense fog prevails there in winter.
o The river Jordan flows out into the Dead sea
o River Mekong flows in Vietnam.
o River Thames flows in Southern England.
o River boat Gondola is used in Italy’s city Venice.
o Hydespes River is now called the Jhelum River.
o The length of Panama Canal is 50072 miles.
o At the equator, the equation of the day is 12 hours.
o Meridan means mid-day.
FAMOUS ISLANDS
o St. Helena is in Atlantic Ocean.
o Largest island in Indian Ocean is Madagascar.
o Sumatra is an island in Indonesia.
o The largest island in the world Greenland is located in North America. (chk)
o Greenland is geographically in America but politically in Europe.
o Kalaalit Nunaat (Greenland) Island (Denmark), the largest island is in North Atlantic
o New Guinea is world’s second largest island.
o Virgin Island is a group of 100 Island in W.Indies.
o Canary Island is in Spain.
o The largest Island in the Mediterranean Sea is Sicily.
o Malaqasv (Madagascar) is in Indian Ocean.
o Baffin is in North Atlantic Ocean (Canadian).
o Sumatra is in Northest Indian Ocean (Indonesia).
o Neaw Zealand is in South Pacific Ocean.
o Borneo Island is in Pacific Ocean.
o Honshu Island is in North West Pacific.
o Great Britain Island is in North Atlantic.
o Victoria Island is in Arctic Ocean.
o Baffin Island is in Atlantic Ocean.
o Ellesmere Island is in Arctic Ocean.
o Galapagos Islands are in Pacific Ocean.
o Indonesia consists of 1300 islands.
o World’s largest Delta is Sunderlands (India).
o Paracel Islands are of.... china vs Vietnam
o Which country owns the Hen and Chicken islands: North island New Zealand
o Indian city Mumbai consists of seven islands.
o The famous Island located at the mouth of the Hudson river is Manhattan
o Asia is the largest continent and covers about 1/3 of the world’s total land area.
o Both the highest and lowest points on the earth are found in Asia.
o The lowest point of Asia is Dead Sea which is about 397 meter below sea level.
o Dead Sea lying b/w Israel and Jordan.
o Asia Minor is a geographical expression, a part to Turkey.
o The world’s longest river, the Nile is located in Africa.
o Africa is also known as Dark Continent.
o Highest point of South America is Mount Aconcagua (Argentina) and lowest point is Valdes Peninsula
(Argentina).
o Highest Point of North America is Mount Mckinley and the lowest point is Death Valley (California,
USA).
o Highest point of Africa is Kibo, a peak of Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) and lowest point is Lake Assal
(Djibouti).
o Highest point of Europe is Mount El’brus and the lowest point is Caspian Sea.
o Highest point in Antarctica is Vinson Massif.
o Highest point in Australia is Mount Kosciusko (New South Wales) and the lowest point is Lake Eyre
(South Australia).
o The lowest point of the North America is the Death Valley located in California.
o Danube River flows in Austria.
o Victoria River is the chief source of River Nile.
o Dardanelles connects black Sea and Mediterranean.
o Black sea is so called because a dense fog prevails there in winter.
o River Mekong flows in Vietnam.
o River Thames flows in Southern England.
o Hydespes River is now called the Jhelum River.
o The length of Panama Canal is 50072 miles.

o Meridan means mid-day.
FAMOUS DESERTS
o Thar desert is located in Northwest India and East Pakistan
o Dsht-i-Lut desert is in Iran.
o The world’s largest desert Sahara is located in Africa.
o Rub Alkali desert is in Saudi Arabia.
o Kalhari desert is in South Africa.
o Gobi desert is in Mongolia & China.
o The Atacama Desert is located in North Chile, South America.
o What is the world’s oldest desert - country named after it-Namib
o Namib Desert is in South-West Africa.
o Simpson Desert is in Australia.
o Great Victoria Desert is in Australia.
o Kalhari desert is in South Africa.
o Arabian Desert is in Egypt.
o Death Valley desert is in California.
o Gibson Desert is in Australia.
o Great Sandy Desert is in Australia.
o Karakum desert is in Turkmenistan.
o Kavir Dasht Davir desert is in Iran.
o Nafud desert is in Saudi Arabia.
o Rub-el-Khali desert is in South Arabian Peninsula.
o Sonoran desert is in Arizona to Mexico.
o Taklimankan is desert in China.
o Deserts in Asia are: Gobi, Karakum, Rub-al-Khali, Takla makan.
o Takla Makan desert is in Xinjing (China).
o Deserts in Africa are: Kalhari, Namib, and Sahara.
CITIES ON RIVER BANKS
o Venice stands on what river-The Arno
o New York is on River Hudson’s bank.
o Budapest is located on the bank of Danube River.
o Paris is situated on the river Rhine.
o River passing through Paris... The Siens
o Paris is located ont eh bank of Seine river.
o Agra is on the bank of Jamuna River.
o On river Danube Budapest is located.
o On river Siene Paris is located.
o Montreal is situated on the bank of river Ottawa
o The city of Bonn is situated in Germany
o Calcutta is situated on Hoogli River.
o Belgrade stands on the river Danube.
o Rome is located beside the river Timber.
o Attock lies on River Indus.
o Baghdad lies on Tigris.
o Bahawalpur lies on Sutlej.
o Basra lies on Shatt-al-Arab.
o Bedford lies on Danube.
o Berlin lies on Spree.
o Bonn (Germany) lies on Rhine.
o Brussels (Belgium) lies on Senno.
o Budapest (Hungary) lies on Danube.
o Cairo lies on Nile.
o Kolkata lies on Hoogli.
o Chittagong lies on Karnaphuli.
o Dhaka lies on Boori Ganga.
o Damascus lies on Barada.
o Delhi lies on Jumna.
o Hyderabad (Sindh) lies on Indus.
o Jhelum lies on River Jhelum.
o Kanpur lies on Ganges.
o Khartoom lies on Blue and White Nile.
o Lahore lies on Ravi.
o London lies on Thames.
o Mosul lies on Tigris.

o Paris lies on Seine.
o Rohri lies on Indus.
o Rome lies on Tiber.
o Tokyo lie on Sumida.
o Sukkur lies on Indus.
o Washington lies on Vistula.
o Wazirabad lies on Chenab.
o Dublin is situated at the mouth of river Liffey
o Moscow is situated on the bank of river Moscow.
o Khartoum is situated on the bank of Nile River.
o Bhawalpur is situated at the bank of Sutlej.
o What city is at the mouth of the Menam river- Bangkok
GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES
o Eric the Red discovered Greenland.
o Marco Polo (Italian) reached China through India.
o Vescoda Gama (Portuguese) discovered sear route from Europe to India.
o Pedro Alvarez Cabral (Portuguese) discovered Brazil.
o George Lord Anson (English) sailed around the earth.
o Charles A.Lindberg (American) made first non-stop solo flight across the Atlantic.
o Various (Portugese) discovered Sri Lanka.
o C.F. Blair (US) made the first solo flight over the Arctic. Sir Vivian Fuchs and Edmund Hillary (US)
first crossing of the Antarctic continent.
o G.H. Wilkins (Australian) flew over the South Pole.
o CIS are landlocked countries of Asia.
WORLD COUNTRIES
o Buckingham palace is the residence of British king and Queen is in London.
o 10 Downing Street is the residence of British PM.
o Queen’s house is the official residence of Sri Lankan president.
o Great Wall of China was built in the reign of Shih Huang-ti
o Blue House is the official residence in.. South Korea
o Istana Merdeke is the official residence of President of Indonesia.
o Elysee palace is the name of the residence of Franch President.
o What country’s leader does not have an official residence: Cuba?
o Smallest by area and population is Vatican City.
o Second smallest by area is Monaco
o Gibraltar is the smallest colony.
o The world’s smallest republic is Nauru.
o Canada has the world’s longest coastline.
o Monaco has a shortest coastline of 3.49 miles.
o Largest continuous frontier is b/w Canada and USA.
o Canada is the country with most lakes.
o Most sparsely populated territory is Antarctica.
o Most densely populated continent is Asia.
o Afghanistan, Bhutan, Mongolia, Nepal are landlocked countries of Asia.
o Extreme temperature was recorded in Aziziya (Libya) 58° C in 1922.
o Lowest temp: was recorded at Vostok, Antarctica -89.2° C.
o Highest rainfall is recorded at Cherrapunji (India).
o Greatest snow fall is recorded at Tamarack California (USA)
o Planetary winds consist of doldrums, trace winds and westerlies.
o Alexandria is the famous city of Egypt, it is also an important sea port.
o Rainfall is recorded on maps by Isohyets.
GEOGRAPHICAL LINES
o A Curzon line is the polish-Russian frontier setup in 1945.
o Dead line is the line or boundary of a military prison, which prisoners are not allowed to cross.
o Green Line is a demarcation line between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities.
o Hindenburg line separates Germany from Poland.
o Pak-Iran border line was demarcated on 24th Sep: 1872.
o Line of control is b/w Azad Kashmir & Occupied Kashmir.
o Mc Mohan line is the boundary line between India and China. It was demarcated in 1914.
o Radcliff line is the boundary between Pakistan and India. It was demarcated in 1947 by Sir
Cyril Radcliff.

o 17th parallel line is the boundary line between North Vietnam and the South Vietnam.
o 24th parallel Line lies in Rann of Kutch. It is frontier between Pakistan and India.
o 38th Parallel line is the boundary between North and South Korea.
o 49th Parallel Line is the boundary line between Canada and the USA.
o Plimsoll Lime is a horizontal line on a merchant ship to which a ship the upper limit to which
a ship may be legally loaded.
o Dead line is a boundary line around a military prison which prisoners are forbidden to cross.
o Durand line is 1300 mile long frontier b/w Pakistan & Afghanistan demarcated in 1893-95. it
has over 200 passes.
o Green line is a painted line in Nicosia (Cyprus) that serves as a demarcation line b/w Greek &
Turkish Cypriot communities.
o Maginot line is French line of fortification built in WWII along the German border form
Switzerland to Belgium. It divides France from Germany.
o Maginot line divides France from Germany.
o Mannerheim line was defensive fortification line on the Karelian Isthmus built by Finland
against the Soviet Union.
o Oder-neisse Line was boundary b/w Germany & Poland during WWII.
IMPORTANT FACTS
o 6 people lost lives in the Great Fire of London in 1666.
o Bofors scandal occurred in India.
o First system of English short hand was devised in 1602.
o China is situated in Eastern part of Asia.
o Afghanistan is a landlocked country Central Asia.
o Bosnia-Herzegovina joined the UN on May 22, 1992.
o Capital of Micronesia is Palikir.
o Costa Rica is a Central American country.
o Equator passes through Brazil.
o After Australia, Europe is the smallest continent.
o Sakhalin Islands enriched with oil reserves are claimed by Russia & Japan.
o Changa Manga is famous for sisham Timber forests.
o The total length of railways in Pakistan is 8875 km.
o Sialkot has the highest annual rainfall.
o The largest district of Punjab by area is Bahawalpurj.
o Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance was enforced in 1984.
o Frost shattering kind of weather takes place on the valley side above the surface of a glacier.
o Monsoon wind reverses seasonlally.
o Bermuda triangle extends up to South Florida & Puerto Rico.
o Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty relating to environmental problems.
o Hazrat Baha-ud-Din Zaklariaya belongs to Chistia order.
o The longest river in South Asia is Brahmputra.
o The length of river Indus is 2880 km.
o The oldest Hydro-electric Project in Pakistan is in Malakand.
o The oldest barrage on the river Indus at Sukkur was built in 1932.
o Europe has no desert.
o Arabia, Scandinavia & Alaska are called Peninsula.
o The richest fishing ground in the world is North Eastern Asia.
o When one place on the earth is on a bigger eastern longitude then its time will be ahead.
o Bond Street is located in London. It is famous for tailoring and jewelry.
o Dalal Street is located in Mumbai (India). It is the stock exchange market of Mumbai.
o Drowning Street No. 10 is located at Westminster (England). It is famous for the official
residence of the British Prime Minister. It was named after Sir George Drowning, a diplomat
under Cromwell and King Charles II.
o Elgin Street is located in Scotland. It is the world’s shortest street.
o Young Street is located in Toronto (Canada). It is the longest street in the world.
o Vicolo della virilita is the world’s narrowest street.
o Canal Street is the widest street in USA.
o Broadway (USA) is famous for various theaters and cinema halls. It is regarded as biggest
street in the world.
o Fleet Street is in London where newspaper offices and press agencies are located.
o The busiest shopping centre of London is Oxford Street
o Lombart Street is located in San Francisco. This street is also called the Crookedest Street. It
is the financial centre in San Francisco.

o Wall Street is located in New York. It was built in 1653. It is famous for banking, finance and
stock exchange market.
o In which London Street is the US embassy- Grosvener Square.
GENERAL
o The country which provides free education at university level is Sri Lanka.
o The country to adopt gold standard for the first time was UK.
o Roman general Mark Anthony was a poor fisherman.
o Arakan Yoma: is the exten¬sion of the Himalayas located in Myanmar.
o Cardamom: Karnataka is the largest producer of car¬damom. India is the largest exporter of
cardamom in the world.
o Climograph: is a graphical representation of the differentia-tion between various types of
climate.
o Cosmic year: One cosmic year is equal to the time taken by the sun to complete one orbit
around the galactic centre.
o Date Line, International: International Date Line is an internationally agreed line drawn
parallel to the 180° meridian. It divides the Pacific Ocean into two equal parts. A crossing of
the International Date Line entails repeating one day when travelling westwards.
o Aberdeen in Scotland is known for Britain’s largest granite-exporitng industry. It is knwn as
Granite City.
o Alexander (ship) is the name of the ship in which Charles Darwin toured for five years.
o Which of the following is a characteristic of sedimentary rocks? They are porous
o When does the summer solstice occur in the Southern Hemisphere of our globe? 22nd
December.
o Mediterranean climate has the characteristic of ‘dry summers with great sunshine and rainy
winters’
o Precipitation takes place when temperature of moisture in air sharply decreases
o Which of the following processes is related to the formation of Himalayas? Folding
o The term ‘Eye’ in a cyclone refers to circular region of relatively light Winds
o Gold Harp bridge of Istanbul connects Asia with Europe.
o 193 countries are in world.
o Land occupied by Asia 29.7 %.
o Thickness of earth crust 20 miles.
o Max height of cloud 20,000.
o Rainfall is recorded on maps by Isohyets.
o 45 Countries are there in Asia, 18 in Latin America.
o A meteorological term for a high pressure is called anticyclone.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
o Theory of mutation was propounded by Hygo de Vries.
o A theory of acquired character was given by Lamark.
o Charles Darwin is famous for his theory of struggle for existence and survival of the fittest.
o Sigmund Freud is called as the father of modern psychiatry and psychology.
o Energy stored in stretched spring is Elastic Potential energy
o Energy stored in fossil fuels is chemical energy
o Radio waves are Electromagnetic waves
o A.C voltage is analogue quantity
o Optical fibers work on polarization of electromagnetic waves
o Condenser is used to collect the charge
o In diesel engine ignition takes place by compression
o A radar uses radio waves to detect enemy aircraft
o Law of floating bodies was given by Archimedes
o Particle with +ve charge but mass equal to electron is positron
o Nucleus of an atom has +ve charge.
o Bosons are Photons and Mesons
o There is no neutron in the atom of hydrogen
o Quark is an atomic particle. Scientists think that proton and neutrons are themselves made of still
smaller particles called quarks
o Muttons are particles of atom
o John Dalton, an English scientist, gave Atomic Theory in 1803 describing atom as the smallest unit of
an element
o Gas in children’ s balloon is Helium
o Weight of electron = 9.1 x 10 power -31 kg
o Charge on electron = 1.6 x 10 power -19 coulomb
o Weight of proton = 1.66 x 10 power -27 kg
o Charge on proton = 1.6 x 10 power -19 coulomb

o A proton is 1836 times heavier than an electron
o Ordinarily and atom is a neutral particle
o Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealander, in 1908 discovered Atomic Nucleus
o Speed of sound is faster in hot air than in cold air
o Ultrasonic are sound waves of high frequency = 12000 cycles/sec and higher
o Sound travels faster in moist air than in dry air
o Sound travels more rapidly in solids
o Maximum limit of sound beyond which a man can become deaf is 129 decibel
o Audible sound is 20-20,000 cycles/second
o Inaudible sound >20,000 cycles/second
o Velocity of sound at 0 deg: C is 331.7 m/s
o Echo can only be produces when the distance of the obstacle is at least 17 meters
o When we hear a sound, its impressions remain in our ear for 1/10th of a second
o Image persists for about 1/10th of second in our eye
o For creating a persistence of vision, pictures are projected at the rate of 10 or more/sec
o Nuclear Energy is not a source of alternative energy.
o Videotape used in camcorders to record audio and video signal employee fine grains of iron oxide.
o Temperature inside a refrigerator is 40 deg: F
o The laws of reflection were first discovered by a al- Hazen
o 0.200 grams are equal to one carat.
o One million cycles per second is called Megahertz.
o Carbon fiber is made by heating textile fibers. These are used in tennis rackets and racing yacht
o Catalytic converter reduce the harmful fumes the engine emits
o If you double the voltage you double the current (Ohm’s law)
o What product uses the most silver-Camera Film
o The speed of sound depends on the medium through which the waves are passing. The speed of sound
in gases depends on what? Density
o Two or more molecules of carbohydrates are linked together through glycosidic bond
o peptide bond bw amino acids, joined to form proteins, is the linkage b/w N and C
o An android is any robot that: has the ability to make decisions and formulate plans
o Semaphores were used between sailors for many years to communicate between ships
o One of the first long distance communication system invented in 1790 was the semaphores towers
o Telegraph was invented in 1821
o Telephone was invented in1876
o Us inventor Samuel More developed the system of dots and dashes of telegraph that was known as
Morse Code
o Scientist now think that protons and Neutrons are themselves made of still smaller particles called
quarks.
o Portable gadgets = Mobile phones and portable TVs.
o Derailleur gears are used in Bicycles.
o Motor – cross race is for motor cycles.
o Cantilever brake used in Bicycle.
o Speed of light 300,000 kilometers per second.
o Engineers use electronic theodolite and range-finder to measure the distance and angle to calibrated
staff.
o Centigrade and Celsius temperatures are same below freezing point.
o Which instrument is used to measure pressure? Manometer
o the velocity of light was first measured by Olaf Roemer
o centigrade and fahrenheit scales gives same readings at 32 degrees
o The first European scientist who refuted the belief that the earth was the centre of the universe was
Copernicus.
o Mobile phones transmit message using radio-type waves called microwaves
o Super conductors are also strong diamagnetic this means they strongly repel magnets.
o Super conductors are used in very fast computers and also in trains like Maglevs.
o Electronic theodolite and range finder measures and distance and angle.
o A fluorescent light is a glass tube containing gas which produces UV light when current passed through
it. Tube is coated with phosphor which glows when UV hits it.
o Some of the chemicals from the recycle of old cells are used by liver to make bile which is stored in
gall bladder.
o Which is lighter, gold or plastic? Plastic
o Lasers are a special source of light called coherent light this means all the light waves are in step with
each other and travel in same direction
o Laser produce light of one particular wavelength and it is s single, pure color.
o The first hologram was make in 1962
o Laser = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
o Quartz-halogen bulbs are used in overhead projectors and spotlights
o Helium is uses to fill airships and balloons
o Helium is used to pressurize hydrogen fuel in rockets and the air in diver’s air tanks
o Apart from radon, which is radioactive, the noble gases are used in lighting.
o The noble gases have very low boiling points.
o Liquid helium is the coldest substance.

o A gas only becomes liquid at -268.9 deg: C
o Combustion is a kind of oxidation reaction.
o At room temperature the particles in air travel at around 1800 km/h the same speed as a bullet fires
from a rifle.
o Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
o The principle behind the generator is electromagnetic induction. It was discovered by Michael Faraday.
o Lovell telescope is at Jodrell Bank the site for space observatory
o Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland and was the first to explain the solar system.
o Derailleur gear are used in bicycles
o Cantilever brake is also used in bicycles
o Static electricity makes a balloon stick to the wall after you have rubbed it on your hair.
o John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1947 used a semiconductor called germanium
to make the world’s first transistor.
o A diode conducts electricity easily in one direction but resists the flow of electricity in the other.
o A capacitor stores electric charge. Capacitors are important components for making timers.
o Capacitors are used in filtering circuits like treble and bass in hi-fi
o Transistors can be used as logic gates
o Energy value of food items is expressed in kilojoules (kj) or thousands of joules.
o British scientist James Prescott Joule discovered the principle of conservation of energy.
o Which one of the following statements regarding sound is true? Its source is always a vibrating material.
o Weight of an object put in a satellite orbiting in space around the earth is reduced to zero
o Movie camera take pictures at rate of 24 pictures per second
o Density of water is 1
o Water expands as it freezes to ice. This makes ice less dense than water which causes ice to float.
o Heat flows in three ways conduction, convection and radiation
o A concave lens is used for the correction of the Hyperphobia
o Silver metal has the highest electrical conductivity.
o Mohr’s scale hardest substance is diamond - what's the softest: Talc
RAYS AND WAVES
o Gamma rays are considered the death rays.
o Gamma rays travel with the velocity of light
o Gamma rays have maximum penetrating power
o Shortest wavelength among alpha, beta and gamma is of gamma rays
o Laser rays are used in micro surgery
o Alpha radiations produce burns on human body
o Newton proved that sunlight consists of different colors
o Beta rays are fast moving electrons.
o Color with shortest wavelength is Blue
o Violet have shortest wave length and Red has longest wavelength (vibgyor)
o Red light’s wave length is 11800 waves/cm (< infra red)
o Least deviated color in prism is red
o Greatest deviated color in prism is indigo (chk violet)
o Violet light’s wave length is 23600 waves/cm (> ultra violet)
o Ultraviolet rays are less than 3000 deg: A
o Greatest value of wavelength is of infra red
o Visible waves are between 400-700 nanometers.
o MOTE = Million Tons of oil equivalent
o REM = Roentgen equivalent in man
o Transverse waves can only be produced in solids
o Longitudinal waves can be produced in solids, liquids and gases
o On passing thought food stuff, x-ray can kill bacteria
o Violet color of light t ravel thought glass with minimum speed
o There is no wavelength of light for color brown.
o White light is a mixture of all the colors in the rainbow.
o Blue has the shortest wavelength and red the longest.
o Radio waves also come from sun and outer space. Astronomers use radio telescope to hear them.
o Radar uses microwaves.
o Anything that is warm produces infrared waves including us. The hotter the thing the more IR.
o Infrared waves are used in TV remote control.
o X-rays have shorter wavelength and more energy than ultraviolet rays.
o Gamma rays come from radioactive materials. They are used to kill cancers.
o Without exposure to ultraviolet light our bodies would not be able to make vitamin D.
o UHF, ultra high frequency are radio waves used for TV broadcast
o Microwaves are used in radar, mobile phones, microwave oven, communication network
o Each light color is of different wavelength.
o Red light has the longest wavelength while violet light has the shortest.
o Waves with a longer wavelength than red light are invisible they are called infrared waves.
o Invisible Ultraviolet wave have wavelength shorter than violet light.

o Red, Blue, Green are prime colors.
o Red + Blue + Green = white
o The wavelength of visible light is between 1350-2500
o An object that reflects all the light looks white.
o Loud speaker converts electrical energy into sound energy.
o Light coloured clothes are generally worn in summer
o The electrical device which transform voltage : transformer
o A nuclear reaction in which two or more than two lighter nuclear are fused together to form a relatively
heavier one : nuclear fusion
o The three colours combination which produces the sensation of white light : Red green and blue
o The clear sky looks blue because of dispersion of light
o When light waves travel from air to glass the wavelength and velocity variables are affected.
o Electrical lines of forces are imaginary.
o Frequency distinguishes ultrasound from normal audible sound. Its f > 20,000 Hz.
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
o 1 horse power is 745.7 watts
o 1 horse power = work equal to lifting 550 lbs of weight to one foot for one second
o 1 calorie is equal to 4.2 Joules
o 1 barrel is equal to 159 liters
o 6 feet = 1 fathom
o 1 kwh = 3.6 x 10 power 6 joules
o A 100 watt bulb lights for 1 hour uses 100 watt hour of electricity
o -273 degree centigrade is called absolute zero temperature.
o Standard pressure is 760 mm or 14.7 lb/in2
o Gross is equal to 12 dozens
o Mach 2 = 500 miles per hour
o 1 nautical mile = 1825 meters
o Unit of pressure is Pascal
o Force is measured in Newton (SI), Dyne (CGS)
o At -40 deg F Fahrenheit scale is equal to centigrade scale
o Hertz and Angstrom are units of frequency
o Units of work and energy are Joule and Erg (CGS)
o Diopter is unit of power of lens
o Unit is density is kg/m3
o Unit of power is watt, BTU (Board of Trade Unit)
o Unit of electric charge is Coulomb
o Unit of voltage is volt
o Unit of electric resistance is ohm
o Unit of capacitance is Farad
o Unit of magnetic flux is Weber, Tesla
o Unit of radio activity is Becquerel
o Unit of luminous intensity is candle, lux
o Unit of crude oil is Barrel
o Unit of volume of water is cusec, cubic/sec
o Unit of admittance is Mho
o Unit of intensity or loudness of sound is bel
o Unit of viscosity is Poise
o Unit of flight speed is Mach I
o Unit of atmospheric pressure is milli bar
o Unit of wave length of light is Angstrom
o Unit of energy is Electron volt
o Unit of brightness is Lambert
o Unit of luminous flux is Lumen
o Intensity of illumination or unit of luminosity is Lux, Candela and Candle power
o Unit of magnetic pole strength is Weber
o Unit of RAD (Radiation Absorbed Dose) is Gray
o Unit of Electric Current is Ampere
o Unit of inductance is Henry
o Unit of conductance is siemens.
o Unit of heat is Joule, Calorie, BTU (British Thermal Unit)
o Radio activity is measured in currie
o Rutherford : strength of radioactivity
o Torr: pressure
o Fermi : length [A unit of length equal to one femtometer (10-15 meter)]
o Sved berg unit:sedimentation rate
o Dioptre: power of lense
o Mho : conductivity
o Henry: inductance

o Maxwell: magnetic flux
o Becquerel: radioactivity
o Kilo watt hour: power
o Coulomb: unit of electrical charge
o Weber: unit of magnetic flux
o Tesla: unit of magnetic flux density
o Siemen: unit of conductance
o Rutherford: unit of rate of decay of radioactive material
o Faraday: unit of electric charge
o Angstrom: unit of length, used especially to specify radiation wavelengths
o Parsec: unit of astronomical length
o Degree: unit of measurement of an angle
o Steradian: Unit of solid angle measurement
o Dyne is a unit of Force.
o SI unit of pressure is Pascal.
o Curie is a unit of : radioactivity
o Pascal Sound Pressure
o Torr Pressure
o Curie Intensity of radioactivity
o Angstrom Unit of length
o Light year The distance light travels in a year
o Dioptre Lens refractive power
o Horse power Unit of Power
o Radian Unit of angular measure
o Candela Unit of luminous intensity
o Mole unit of amount of substance
o What is measured in units called phon- Sound 192
o What is measured in grains - four grains to a carat- Pearls
o Unit of electromotive force in Volt.
o What is the SI unit of illumination -Lux
o Gross is equal to 12 dozen.
o Ozone is measured in percent age.
o An object traveling at Mach 2 is traveling approximately at 500 mph.(chk)
o What is measured on the Gay-Lussac scale: Alcohol strength
o Chronometer is used to measure... time
o Anemometer is used to measure... Wind Speed
o The clusec is the unit measuring the power of what Vacuum pumps
o Voltammeter is an electrolytic cell for conducting electrolytic dissociation of electrolyte.
o 8 furlongs make one mile.
o A billion contain 1000 million. It has 9 zeroes. Similarly a trillion has 12 zeroes,a quadrillion 15
zeroes,a quintillion 18 zeroes and a decillion 33 zeroes.
o One inch is equal to 2.5400 cms and one mile is equal to 1.6093 kms.
o One micron is equal to One-thousandth of a millimeter.
o 2.47105 acres is equal to what SI unit-Hectare
o What word describes one tenth of a nautical mile-Cable
o What is measured on the Torro scale -Tornados
o unit of sound named after- Alexander Graham Bell - Decibel
o The density Smoke is measured on the Rngelmann scale-
o Unit of electromotive force in Volt.
o Power is measured in Watts (w).
o Resistance was discovered by Girge Ohm in 1826, and is measured in ohms.
o Electricity does not flow through a circuit by itself. It needs a ‘push’, or energy, to keep it moving. We
call this energy the voltage of the circuit. Voltage is measured in volts (v).
o The German scientist George Ohm (1787-1854) is best remembered for working out ohm’s law. He
discovered that they voltage across a conductor such as a trip of metal or a wire – and the current
following through it always vary in the same proportion. So if you double the voltage, you double the
current. This is incredibly useful; because it lets you predict the current you will get for a particular
voltage.
o The thickness of silk is measured in what- Denier
o Ohm’s law does not apply to semiconductors and conductors when there is change in temperature.
o In our houses we get 220 V a.c. The value of 220 V represents the effective voltage.
o One unit of electric power is consumed when 10 A of current flows for 1 hour at 100 V. 1 Unit = 1 kw
hr = 1000 w hr = 100 x 10 x 1 hr
o If the same note is played on a flute and a sitar, one can still distinguish b/w them because they differ
in quality.
o A negatively charged glass rod has always less protons than electrons.
o The wavelength of the X-rays is of the order of 0.1 nanometer.
o Red, green and blue are known as primary colors. These are colors which cannot be produced by mixing
with other colors.

o Scattering of light the duration of the day (make)
o Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp on account of a property of matter called Capillary Action
o a primary cell can be charged again (not)
o When a person can see nearer objects but not the distant ones he is said to be suffering from
nearsightedness (myopia)
o ATP is a molecule containing high energy bonds.
o An example of inorganic compound is carbon monoxide.
o The time period of a pendulum on moon increases.
o Clinical thermometer usually measures in Fahrenheit.
o Tube light emits radiation even after it is disconnected. It is due to Fluorescence.
o Shortsightedness can be corrected with the use of Concave.
o Rectifier converts AC into DC
o Atomic weight of chemical compounds is determined by Mass spectroscopy.
o Atomic pile is a place where nuclear fission is made.
o Drinker’s apparatus is for measuring the amount of Alcohol in the blood.
o Dewar’s flask is called as thermos.
o The conversion of gases into liquid under high pressure and low temperature is called regulation.
o If a green leaf is seen in a red light its color will be black.
o Emerge of VIBGYOR from one side of the prism is due to refraction and dispersion of light.
o Oxidation is the process in which electron is lost.
o Half-time is a time of radioactive substance taken by that substance to decompose radioactivity to half
of its weight.
o Light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy due to the activity of Chloroplast.
o Sunlight is composed of seven colors
o Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp on account of a property of matter called Capillary Action
o What is a Fata Morgana- Type of Mirage
o Freon-trademark for any of a number of chemical compounds containing fluorine, and often chlorine
or bromine. Use: as solvents, as aerosol propellants, in refrigeration. It is commonly used in refrigerator.
UNIVERSE
o Age of universe: 13.7 Billion years.
o Cheron is the moon of Pluto
o Blue color of sky is due to Tyndal Effect
o Total planets in solar system are 8
o Distance of sun from earth is 150 million km = 1 a.u (angstrom unit)
o Moon from earth is 385,000 km
o Outer surface of sum is called photosphere
o Sun has 90% hydrogen, 8% helium and 2% other elements.
o Temperature at surface of sun is 6000K and at its center 20 million K
o Venus reflects highest percentage of light
o Morning star is called to Venus.
o Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise
o Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of Saturn.
o Speed of earth in orbit around sun is 8.5 miles per second.
o The only planet which rotates on its axis from East to West is Uranus
o Uranus is called lopsided planet
o Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium
o Period of rotation of earth on axis is 1 day or 23 hrs, 56 minutes & 4.09 seconds.
o Period of revolution of Earth around Sun is 356 days, 6 hrs, 9 minutes & 9.54 seconds.
o Volume of Earth is 260 billion cubic miles.
o Weight of earth is 6586x10 power 18 tons
o Rings of Saturn were discovered by Galileo in 1610
o Titan, the largest moon in solar system is of Saturn
o Triton is a satellite of Neptune
o Planet referred as Morning Star and Evening Star is Venus
o Venus’ atmosphere is 90 times thicker than earth’s.
o The temperature of Venus’ surface is about 430 deg: C
o Biggest Comet known to man is kohoutek
o Only planet whose day is longer than its year is Venus
o Brightest visible star is Sirus
o Star nearest to earth is Sun
o Atmosphere of sun has 3 layers
o Sun spots are the cooler areas of sun
o In 28 days moon returns to the same position in its orbit
o The light coming from stars give the idea of their temperature.
o A light year is equal to 9.46 trillion km
o Sun radiated energy equal to 10 trillion of TNT explosion

o Mercury is nearest to the sun, smallest and fastest planet, with shortest rotation time. Moon =0 • Venus
is the brightest, hottest, closest to earth and earth’s twin in size and mass, has largest quantity of CO2
Moon = 0
o Earth is most dense, watery, bios planet. Moon = 1
o This is an instrument used for measuring the altitude of a celestial body: sextant
o Mars moon = 2- Phobos and Deimos
o Mars is named after the Roman god of war.
o Mars is called Red planet
o Mars is half the size of earth
o Europa is a moon of Mars (chk
o Mars contain atmosphere of carbondioxide
o Jupiter is largest, with largest number of satellites, smallest day, with a red spot. Moon = 63
o Jupiter is 11(or 10) times larger than earth
o Europa is the moon of Jupiter.
o CHIIRON is the largest comet in the universe.
o Solar eclipse occurs at new moon
o Sun is 400 times larger than moon
o Lunar eclipse occurs at full moon.
o Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)
o Jupiter is the fastest planet of the solar system
o The Asteroid Belt is found between which of the following planets? Mars and Jupiter
o The visible part of the Sun is called Photosphere
o Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
o Mercury and Venus are without Satellites.
o The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
o The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
o A ‘shooting star’ is a meteor.
o At 7050 km per hour, Sun rotate on its axis.
o 510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the earth.
o The northern polar lights are called Aurorae Borealis, and southern polar lights are called Aurorae
Australis.
o The pulsating universe theory explains the evolution of universe.
o 760 miles/hr is the speed of sound.
o 1480, 00,000 km is the distance from sun to earth.
o Temperature of Sun is 6000 degree C.
o Saturn is least dense moon = 56
o Saturn is the second largest planet.
o Planet with maximum number of moons is Saturn
o Planet with ring is Saturn
o Uranus moon = 12, Uranus gives greenish glow
o Neptune is the coldest, slowest, largest year moon = 8
o Rank of earth as per size is Fifth
o Revolution period of earth is 365.25 days
o In a leap year there are 29 days in Febrary
o Earth is older than moon
o Sun light takes 8.3 min to reach earth or 510 seconds
o Time required to moon light to reach earth is 1.3 seconds
o Sun is 109 times bigger than earth.
o Light travels fastest in vacuum
o Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of Saturn
o Coldest, smallest and farthest planet Neptune
o Asteroids are small planets revolving round the sun
o Sun is the brightest star in the universe
o A shooting star is called a meteor
o Our galaxy is spiral known as Milky Way
o Shape of our milky way is spiral
o The milky way extends through the distance of 10 power 5 light years
o Super Nova is a dying star
o Nearest spiral galaxy to Milky Way is Andromeda galaxy
o Nearest start to our sun is Alpha Centauri
o Biggest star in our galaxy is Proxima Centauri
o A collection of galaxies is called cluster
o .moon is 81 times lighter than earth
o Moon has 7% reflection as compared to earth (i.e poor reflection)
o Moon has 1/6th gravitation as that of earth
o Moon’s 59% surface is visible from earth
o Mass of moon is 1/8th to that of the earth
o Moon has no atmosphere
o Sun is closer to earth in January
o At perihelion, earth is nearest tosun

o Earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66 ½ deg: to the plane of its orbit around the sun or the axis is
inclined at 23 ½ deg: from the vertical
o Soros cycle is the largest interval between two total solar eclipses about 18 years
o Sun has 27 day rotation period
o Moon’s rotation period is equal to the Earth’s
o Rotation period of earth is 23hrs, 56min, 4sec
o Earth rotates around on axis pointing towards the Polar Star
o Revolution period is 365 ¼ days = 365.25 days, ¼ is added for leap year
o Duration of day at poles is 6 months.
o Equinox means equal days and nights
o Sun’s energy is called Insulation
o The visible yellow face of sun is called Photosphere
o The gravity of sun is 28 times greater than that of earth
o Moon completes 13 circles in a year around earth
o Sun is 13 x 10 power 5 times larger than earth
o Maximum duration of solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec
o Sun reaches its maximum angular distance from Equator at Solistice
o Millions of asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
o Asteroids (minor planets) are made of rock, metal or a mixture of both.
o First asteroid discovered was Ceres by Italian astronomer Guiseppe Piazzi in 1801.
o Ceres is the largest asteroid
o Chiron is one of several distant asteroids which orbit between Jupiter and Uranus
o The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
o Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
o Comet is made of ice and dust
o Edmond Halley was the first to calculate the path of a comet and predict when it would be seen again.
o Halley’s Comet was named in his honor though he did not discover it.
o The patterns in stars are called constellations.
o In 1930, astronomers finally agreed how to divide the whole sky into 88 areas, which are called
constellations.
o Closest star is Gienah
o Speed of light is 3,00,000 km/sec
o Which planet is named after the Roman god of war? Mars
o Galaxies are the families of stars.
o About 80% of galaxies are elliptical and other are spiral
o Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust and hardly any new stars are born in them.
o Spiral galaxies are disk shaped and usually have clouds of dust and gas where new stars are born.
o Light travels at 3, 00,000 km/s. the speed at which you can round the world seven times in very second.
o Light takes 8 minutes to reach the earth from sun.
o In space light travels 9461 million km in a year. Astronomers call this distance a light year.
o Two planet Earth’s could fit side by side inside the Great Red Spot of Jupiter.
o Jupiter’s volcanic moon is called IO and other moons are Europa, Ganymede and Calisto.
o Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system.
o Europa is the moon of Jupiter
o The moon has no atmosphere because its gravitational pull is not strong enough to hold an atmosphere
o Chondrite meteorites are the oldest rocks in the solar system.
o Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
o ‘Galileo Satellites’, named after their discoverer, are four large moons of the planet
o Mars contain atmosphere of Carbon dioxide and Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium.
o Venus is about the same size as Earth.
o Venus’s atmosphere is 90 times thicker than ours. It traps so well that the temperature of Venus’s
surface is about 430 degree centigrade.
o Closest star is (Gienah) 680,000 million, million, kilometers.
o Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland. He was the first to explain the solar system.
o Chiron is one of several distant asteroids with orbits between Jupiter and Uranus.
o In the Solar system there are 2 Mount Olympus's Greece and where- Mars
o What is the brightest star always in the Northern sky-Vega
o The most common element in the universe is Nitrogen.
o Hydra is the largest of the 88 constellations found in the universe. It covers about 3.16 % of the entire
sky.
o The M-class supergiant Betelgease with a diametre of 700 million kms is the largest star of the universe.
It is about 500 times greater than the sun.
o What is the common name for the star Sirius: Dog Star
o Pluto (the Planet) was almost called what name-Zeus
o When a satellite is closest to Earth its position is called what Perigee
o 30 km/s is the approximate mean velocity with which earth moves round the Sun in its orbit.
o The earth’s reflectivity of solar radiation is termed as albedo.
o Joseph von Fraunhofer was the first to explain the presence of dark lines in the sun’s spectrum.
o Light of sun reaches the earth in.....499 seconds
o Hale-Bopp comet was the most distant comet ever discovered which became visible in December, 1996.
o What is the name of the largest moon of Jupiter-Ganymede

o M31 is the nearest galaxy to us - what is its other name-Andromeda
o The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.
o Halos around the moon are formed because of the phenomenon of ___ (optical phenomena)
o What is unique about the pistol star- Brightest in sky
o Name the first teddy bear in space- Mishka 1980 Olympic mascot
o What celestial body gets its name from the Greek long haired Comet
o What's unusual about the moons of Uranus-Named Shakespeare characters
ADVENTURES IN SPACE
o First artificial satellite was Sputnik-I sent by Soviet Union on October 4, 1957
o Sputnik-II on November 3, 1957 took a female dog Laika into space
o On July 20, 1969 US Apollo 11 touched down the moon
o Skylab was launched in 1973 by US.
o What country launched its first space rocket January 1961-Italy
o What happened to Laika first dog in space Suffocated no air burned re-entry
o A Russian space programs name meant East what was it Vostok
o What was the first man made object to leave the solar system Pioneer 10
o Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.
o Escape velocity is 24800 miles/hour or 7 miles/sec
o First human in space is Yuri Gagrin 1961 on USSR
o Appolo crew returned to earth with 382 kg of moon soil
o First space scientist was Henry Quendish
o Man entered in space on 14 October 1957
o First American shuttle to land on moon named “Bamini” in March, 1966
o First woman in space was Valentine Khurachoof in 14 June, 1963
o America launched its first space station in 1973
o In 1979 Sky Lab was destroyed in earth’s atmosphere
o In 1986, Russia launched its space station Mir
o Hubble telescope launched in April 243, 1990 through Discovery Shuttle
o Apollo XI enabled man to step on moon
o Russian cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days
in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
o The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd.
o First space vehicle to land on moon was Luna-9
o Voyager I, spacecraft introduced ring system of Jupiter.
o Pioneer 10 and 11 launched in 1973 and 1974, voyager 1 & 2 in 1979 and Galileo in 1995 were missions
sent to Jupiter
o Astronomers know of over 50 moons orbiting Jupiter.
o Vostok I carried first man in space.
o Telstar, the world’s first communication satellite was launched in 1962.
o Mercury project, first manned space programme of USA, carried the first American into space on 5th
May 1961.
o Sputnik II, first artificial satellite was launched on 3 Nov: 1957.
o Lovell telescope is at Jodrell Bank (Site for space observatory).
o Yuri Gagarin (Russia) cosmonauts became first traveler in space in 1961.
o The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd
o Russian Cosmonaut valley polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in space. He spent 437 days
in orbit in the Mir Space Station.
o What was the first food consumed on the moon in Apollo 11- Turkey
o The first person to orbit the earth in space. John Glenn
o Columbia Space shuttle broke up on re-entry to Earth on Feb 1, 2003.
o Skylab was space laboratory launched in 1973 by USA.
o First women in space Valentine Tereshkove went into space in Vostoc 6 on 16 June 1963.
o On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldren landed on the moon.
o Geostationary Orbit is at a height of 36,000 km.
o Pathfinder is robot craft that landed on Mars in 1997.
VARIOUS SCIENCES
o Taxidermy means stuffing dead animals
o Stenography means short hand writing
o Psoriasis is a learning disability
o Paleontology is study of fossils.
o Hematology is the study of blood.
o Study of earth is geology
o Acoustics is the science of sound
o Cytology is the study of cell
o Entomology is the study of insects.

o Apiculture is science of bee keeping
o Ornithology is the science of birds
o Philology is the science of languages
o Oncology is the study of cancer
o Exobiology is the study of life in outer space
o Numismatics is the study of coins
o Eugenics is the study of altering humans by changing their genes or it refers to Improvement of human
race
o Ethology is the study of animal behavior
o Anthropology is the study of origin and physical and cultural development of mankind
o Carpology is the study of fruits and seeds.
o Pathology deals with diseases
o Histology deals with organic tissues
o Pedology is the study of soil
o Cryogenics deals with the production, control and application of low temperatures
o Seismology is study of movements inside earth’s crust
o Ambidextrous is one who can write with both hands.
o Astrophysics is a branch of astronomy which deals with the physical and chemical nature of heavenly
bodies.
o . A etiology is the study of causes of disease.
o Concho logy is the study of shells.
o Cryptology is the study of codes.
o Dendrology is the study of trees.
o Ergonomics is the study of relationships between people and their working environment.
o Graphology is the study of handwriting.
o Ichthyology in the study of fish.
o Psychological study of life in artificial environment is called biopsy.
o Forms and features are studies under the branch of Marphology.
o Paleontology is the study of fossils.
o Phycology is the study of Algae.
o Mycology is the study of fungi.
o The art of compiling dictionary is called Lexicography.
o Anthropology is the study of man.
o Cartography is the art of making maps and charts.
o Philately is hobby of stamp collecting.
o The branch of zoology, which deals with the study of insects is called entomology
o The production of generally identical reproduction is called as Cloning
o A petrologist studies what- Rocks history formation etc
o An onomastician studies what - Names
o Thanatology is the study of what Death
o The study of human population is called Demography.
o What does an otologist study-The ear and its diseases
o Noologists study what-The Mind
o Semiology is the study of what-Signals
o What is silviculture- Forestry
o What is Xylography- Wood Engraving
o Paleontology is the science of history of life.
o Meteorology is the study of study of weather.
o Cryptography is the study which deals with the secret writing.
o Hydroponics means cultivation of the plants without use of soil.
o Hyetology is the study of rainfall.
o Mycology is the study of fungus and fungi diseases.
o Numismatics is the study of coins.
o Petrology is the study of rocks in the earth’s crust.
o Amniocentesis is a method for determination of foetal sex.
o What is Steganography: Invisible ink writing
o Ichthyologists study what Fish
o What does a psephologist study: Voting – Elections
o What is studied in Aerology-Planet Mars
o What does a philologist study- Languages
o Orthoepy is the study of what-Word pronunciation
o A philomath has a love of what- Learning
o What is a nidologist interested in-Birds nests
o What is philography- Autograph collecting
o Agronomy is the science of soil management.
o Penology is the study, theory and practice of prison management & criminal rehabilitation.
o Chemical preservation of dead organisms in liquid is called Cryo-Bilogy.
o Orthoepy is the study of what-Word pronunciation
o What does a philologist study- Languages
o Chlama domonas is unicellular plant

VARIOUS PROCESSES
o Chemical union of two or more molecules of the compound to form larger molecules is called
Polymerization.
o The process by which plants take food is photosynthesis
o Reduction is the removal of oxygen atoms
o Oxidation is the combination of oxygen or removal of hydrogen
o Horticulture is the cultivation of flowers, fruits and vegetable
o Pastevurization is the protection of food by heating
o Method of preparation of warnish was discovered by Jabir bin Hayaan
o If temperature rises gradually up to 40 deg: C, the rate of photosynthesis may stop altogether
VITAMINS
o Deficiency of vitamin A causes dryness of skin and night blindness
o Skin food is Vitamin C
o Vitamin C is also called Ascorbic Acid it prevents scurvy
o Vitamin C is also necessary for utilization of iron
o The food which contains largest amount of Vitamin C is tomato
o Cod liver oil contains Vitamin D
o Collagen is the substance that gives elasticity to skin
o Vitamin E promotes oxygenation and acts as anti-aging
o Carbon dioxide we release comes from food we eat
o Vitamin B2 has what other name Riboflavin
o Fats are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
o Vitamin E is called anti-aging agent
o Vitamin E helps in fertility process
o Vitamin B helps maintain normal appetite and good digestion
o Protein found in milk is Casein, in beans is Legumes, in meat is myosin and in eggs is albumin
o Water soluble vitamin are B and C and all other are fat soluble
o Vitamin A is stored as Ester in liver
o Vitamin A is found in carotene bearing plants
o Vitamin K helps to form prothrobin (fibro gin) one of the enzymes helpful in blood clotting
o Vitamin E is necessary for iron utilization; normal reproductive function. Vitamin E is for reproduction.
o Vitamin A is found in Dairy products
o Deficiency of Vitamin A causes Night blindness.
o Too much presence of the Potassium salt in human blood increase the risk of heart attack.
o The lack of calcium in the diet causes what condition-Rickets
o Celluloses are carbohydrates.
o Milk contains lactose.
o Vitamin C is a preventor of infectious disease
o Vitamin C is also called Skin food
o Vitamin C can easily be lost in cooking and food storage
o Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism.
o Vitamin C hastens healing of wounds
o Vitamin capable of formation of blood is B12
o Riches source of Vitamin D is code liver oil
o Riches source of Vitamin A is eggs
o Deficiency of Calcium leads to rickets
o Vitamin B1 is available is yeast.
o Scury, arising due to deficiency of vitamin C, it is related to Gastro-intestinal disorder.
o Sodium is necessary of nervous system.
o Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism.
o Cheese contains vitamin D.
o Vitamin C can not be stored in human body.
o Scurvy, arising due to deficiency of vitamin C, it is related to Gastro-intestinal disorder.
o Sodium is necessary of nervous system.
o Ground nut has maximum protein
o Digestion of fat in intestine is aided by Emulsification
o Hair, finger nails, hoofs, etc are all make of protein
o Deficiency of sodium and potassium causes muscular cramps, headache and diahrae
o Milk contains 80% water
o Milk is a complete food.
o Cheese contains vitamin D.
o Vitamin E is for reproduction.
o Deficiency of Thiamine causes Beri Beri.
o Glucose is the source of energy for human brain.
o Major component of honey is Glucose
o Three main food nutrients are carbohydrates, protein and fats. Other are vitamins and minerals

o Meat is rich in iron we need to make blood cells
o Eating of coconut increases man’s mental faculties
o Food poisoning can result from the eating of too much toadstools.
o Vitamin c is also known as Ascorbic Acid.
o Celluloses are carbohydrates.
o Milk contains lactose
o Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of bones and teeth.
o Citric acid is a good substitution for ascorbic acid in our nutrition.
o A guava contains more vitamin C than an orange
o Vitamin not stored in human body.....C
SCIENTISTS
o Ibn baitar was a Botanist
o Kitab al Manazar on optical works was written by Ibn al Haitham
o Mamoon observatory was established during the reign of Caliph Mamoon
o Circulation of blood was described by a muslim scientist name Nafis Abdul al-Hasan.
o Al-Khwarizimi was first person who used zero.
o Muslim scientist Ali al Tabari is famous for his work on ___ (medical sciences)
o Al Beruni discovered that light travels faster than sound.
NOBLE PRIZE
o Astronomers cannot be nominated for noble prize
o Marie curie twice won Noble Prize.
o First Nobel Prizes were awarded on 10 Dec: 1901.
o What country awards the Nobel peace prize- Norway
o Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1972-Nobody
o Who refused the Nobel Literature prize in 1958-Boris Pasternak
o Who was the first American to receive the Nobel Literature prize Sinclair Lewis
o Which Nobel Prize is not awarded annually in Stockholm Peace
o Mother Teresa was awarded Nobel Prize in the field of peace.
o The New York Times received five Pulitzer prizes of 2009 for investigative, breaking news and
international reporting, feature photography and criticism.
o A noted Indian wildlife biologist, Dr M.D. Madhusudan, Director of Nature Conservation Foundation
o Four persons have been awarded Nobel Prize twice.
o Van’t Hoff was the first Nobel Laureate in Chemistry.
o Wole Soyinka is a Nobel Prize winner for literature. He is from Nigeria.
o Which field was not included by Alfred Nobel originally... Economics
o Person getting the nobel peace prize in 2008 was of the country. Finland
o Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden, more than 150 years ago. In what year was he born?
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833
o What did Alfred's father, Immanuel, do for a living? Alfred's father was an engineer and inventor.
o Alfred Nobel never married.
o A future Nobel Laureate worked for a short period of time as Alfred Nobel's secretary. Who? Bertha
von Suttner
o Alfred Nobel died on 10 December 1896, but not in Sweden, his home country. Where did he die?
Alfred Nobel died in San Remo, Italy.
o Why did Alfred Nobel establish a prize in his will? Alfred Nobel wanted to award the greatest benefits
to mankind.
o Which Nobel category does not yet have a single female laureate? Economics
o Who won the first Nobel Prize in Physics? Roentgen.
o Which single winner won the most number of Nobel Prizes? International Committee of the Red Cross.
o Who was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature? Rabindranath Tagore
o Mathematicsis not a valid Nobel Prize category.
o In what year did the most people decline their Nobel Prize? 1939
o Who was the only person to win the Nobel Prize twice -- in Peace and Chemistry? Linus Pauling
o Who was the only person to win the Nobel Prize twice -- in both Physics and Chemistry? Marie Curie
o Name the six categories for which the prizes are awarded. Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine,
Literature, Peace and Economics.
o For which category was a Nobel Prize given starting 1969? Economics.
o Who awards the Peace Prize? The Norwegian Nobel Committee.
o Max Planck received the noble prize in Physics in 1918 for his discovery of: energy quanta
o Climate change campaigner Al Gore and the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have
been jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
o Rabindra Nath Tagore was the first Indian/South Asian to win Nobel Prize. (Literature in 1931).
o Former US Vice-President Al Gore has won Noble Peace Prize 2007 for his campaign against Global
Warming.
o Mr Gore won an Oscar for his climate change film An Inconvenient Truth

o The first negro to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize was Ralph Johnson Bunche
o Rabindarnath Tagore won first Nobel Prize from South Asia.
o The first Muslim Nobel Laureate was: Anwar Sadaat of Egypt
o Nobel Prize holder UN institutions.....UNHCR, UAEA
NATIONAL EMBLEM
o National Emblem of Britain is Rose-Lion.
o National Emblem of Bangladesh is Water Lily.
o National Emblem of China is Narcissus.
o National Emblem of Egypt is Lotus.
o National Emblem of France is Lily.
o National Emblem of Iran is Rose.
o National Emblem of Kuwait is Falcon.
o National Emblem of Pakistan is Crescent-Jasmine.
o National Emblem of Syria is Eagle.
o National Emblem of Sri Lanka is Lion.
o National Emblem of Netherlands is Lion.
FAMOUS EPITHETS
o What city is known as The world’s chocolate capital: Hershey Pennsylvania
o Which countries name translates as land of the free- Thailand
o The country known as the Land of Thunderbolts is Bhutan
o Rome is also known as “City of Seven Hills”.
o Penang is called the “Pearl of East”.
o “Sandwich Island” is called to Hawaii Island.
o Detroit is known as the Motor City.
o Britain of south is called to New Zealand.
o Buffer state of Asia is called to Afghanistan.
o Cockpit of Europe is called to Belgium.
o Crossroad of Western Europe is called to Belgium.
o Emerald Island is called to Ireland.
o Flower garden to Europe is called to Netherlands.
o Gift of Nile is called of Egypt.
o Great Britain of the Pacific is called to Japan.
o Island continent is called to Australia.
o Horn of Africa is called to Somalia.
o Key to Mediterranean is called to Gibraltar.
o Land of contrasts is called to Colombia.
o Land of free people is called to Thailand.
o Land of fertile fields is called to Algeria.
o Land of golden fiber is called to Bangladesh.
o Land of midnight sun is called to Norway.
o Land of milk and honey is called to Lebanon.
o Land of morning calm is called to Korea.
o Land of mighty rivers is called to Nigeria.
o Land of mountain is called to Nepal.
o Land of rising sun is called to Japan.
o Land of Thousand Island is called to Indonesia.
o Land of pure people is called to Pakistan.
o Land of white elephant is called to Thailand.
o Pillars of Hercules is called to Gibraltar.
o Playground of Europe is called to Switzerland.
o Remnant of mighty empire is called to Austria.
o Sorrow of china is called to Hawang Hoo.
o Switzerland of Africa is called to Swaziland.
o Site of Ancient Civilization is called to Iraq.
o Whiteman’s Grave is called to Guinea.
o Brasilia of Pakistan is called to Islamabad.
o City of angles is called to Bangkok.
o City of bazaars is called to Cairo.
o City of colleges is called to Lahore.
o City of conference is called to Geneva.
o City of cosmonauts is called to Moscow.
o City of eternal spring is called to Quito.
o City of golden temple is called to Amritsar.
o City of Golden Gate is called to San Francisco.
o City of mosques is called to Dhaka.

o City of parks is called to Kiev.
o City of palaces is called to Calcutta.
o City of pope is called to Rome.
o City of space flights is called to Cape Kennedy.
o City of peace is called to Baghdad.
o Forbidden City is called to Lahaska.
o Gateway to the east is called to Beirut.
o Gateway to the gulf is called to Abu Dhabi.
o Gateway to India is called to Bombay.
o Gateway to Pakistan is called to Karachi.
o Little Pakistan is called to Bradford.
o Manchester of Pakistan is called to Faisalabad.
o Pyramid city is called to Cairo.
o Rose pink city is called to Jaipur.
o Windy city is called to Chicago.
o Lusitanian is the alternative name of Portugal.
o Emerald Island is called to Ireland.
o Land of Prophets is called to Palestine.
o Yellow River is known as China’s Sorrow because of devastating floods.
o Gibraltar of the west is said to Quebec.
o Zambia is known as "country of Copper"
o Albania means the “Land of Eagles”.
o Argentian means “Like Silver”.
o Bahrain means two seas.
o Brazil means “Red wood”.
o Costa Rica means “Rich coast”.
o Cyprus means “Land of copper”.
o Guuatnemala mean “Land of Eagles”.
o Jamaica means “Good water”.
o Kuwait means “Fort”.
o Liberia means “Land of free people”.
o Netherlands means “low land”.
o Nigeria means “a great river”.
o Sierra Leone means “Lion Mountains”.
o Singapore means “city of lions”.
o Sudan means “Land of black people”.
o Turkey means “Land of Turks”.
o Which country is popularly called ‘The Land of the Maple Leaf’? Canada
o Mistress of the Eastern Seas is epithet referred to Sri Lanka.
o Hong Kong is called as Pearl of the Orient.
o Which worlds city is known as The Golden City Prague Czech
o What place was nicknamed "The Pearl of the Orient"-Manilla - Philippines
o What countries name translates as lion mountains- Sierra Leone
o What place is nicknamed "The City of Lilies"- Florence
o Mesopotamia means- Between two Rivers
CHANGED NAMES
o Old Name New Name
o Pipri | Bin Qasim.
o Lyallapur | Faisalabad.
o Abyssinia | Ethiopia.
o Burma | Myanmar.
o Ceylon | Srilanka.
o Duch-East-Indies | Indonesia.
o French | Sudan Mali.
o Helvetia | Switzerland.
o Mesopotamia | Iraq.
o Najd and Hejaz | Saudi Arabia.
o New Granda | Colombia.
o Nippon | Japan.
o Persia | Iran.
o Siam | Thailand.
o South Rhodesia | Zimbabwe.
o South West Africa | Namibia.
o Soviet | Union Russian Federation.
o Turkmenia | Turkmenistan.
o Upper Volta | Burkina Faso.
o Urumdi | Brumdi.
o Constantinople | Istanbul.

o Christiana | Oslo.
o Formosa | Taiwan.
o Greenland | Kalaallet Nunaat.
o Holland | Netherlands.
o Combodia | Kampuchea.
o Krugn Thep | Bangkok.
o Leningard | St. Petersburg.
o Montgomery | Sahiwal.
o Burma | Myanmar.
o Peiking | Beijing.
o Persia | Iran.
o Rhodesia | Zimbabwe.
o Salisbury | Harare.
o Tripoli | Libya.
o Madras | Chennai.
o Edo | Tokyo.
o Temasek | Singapore.
o Stalinabad | Dushanbe.
o United Arab Republic | Egypt.
o Jabal-i-Tariq | Gibraltar
o Equatorial Africa | Chad
o Ray | Isfahan
o Pataliputra | Patna
o Sankiang | Xinjiang
o Old name of Tamil Nadu is Madras State.
o The earlier name of New York city was New Amsterdam
o Prior to independence, Ghana was called ‘Gold Coast’.
o Afghanistan was known as Ariana.
o The new name of Yalamlam is As-Sadiya.
o The name of Mesopotamia was changes to Iraq in the year 1935.
o The earlier name of New York city was New Amsterdam
IMPORTANT ORGANISATIONS & PACTS
o Name Founded Member Headquarter
o ADB- 1986- | Philippines
o Arab League- 1945- 22- Cairo
o ASEAN- | Aug 8, 1967- 9- | Jakarta, founded at Bangkok.
o COMECON- 1948- Havana.
o Colombo Plan- 1st July 1951- Colombo (Srilanka)
o Common Wealth- 1931- 53- London.
o Council of Europe- 1949- 34- Strasbourg.
o CIS- Jan 1991- 12-
o D8- 15 June 1997- Founded at Turkey, HQ Turkey.
o ECO- Jan 1985- 8- Tehran.
o GCC- 1981- 6- Riyadh
o ICJ- 1951- Geneva.
o ICRC- 1883- Geneva.
o Interpol 1956 Lyon (France)
o NAM 1961
o OIC 22 to 25 Sep 1969- 56- Jeddah established in Rabat (Morocco).
o SAARC 8, 1985- 7- 8 Katmandu- established at Dhaka.
o NATO- 1949 Brussels.
o SEATO Sep 8, 1954 founder at Manila, ended in 1977.
o UNO 24 Oct 1945 New York.
o Warsaw Pact 14th May 1955. Dissolved in 1991.
o Term of non-permanent members of the Security Council is 2 years.
o General Assembly and Security Council appoints the judges of International Court of Justice.
o RCD was changed to ECO in Jan 1985.
o G-8 was established on 22 September 1985. G-8 was originally the G-5 but was expanded when
Canada, Italy and Russia jointed in June 1997.
o European Union came in to being on January 1, 2000, EU adopted Euro currency in 2001. Its head
quarter is in Brussels (Belgium).
o International Energy Agency was founded in 1974; its head quarter is in Paris (France).
o International Olympic Committee was formed in 1984; its head quarter is in Lausanne (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of international Red Cross and Red Crescent is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o Organization of Petroleum and Exporting Countries was founded in Baghdad in 1960; its head quarter
is in Vienna (Austria).
o The organization of Economic Cooperation and Development was founded in 1961; its head quarter is
in Paris (France).

o The world council of churches was established in 1948 in Amsterdam (Netherlands), its headquarter is
in Geneva (Switzerland).
o North American Free Trade Agreement, its origin lies in the free trade agreement signed by the USA
and Canada in 1989.
o The organization of African Unity was founded in 1963; its head quarter is in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia).
o The organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries was founded in 1968, its headquarter is in
Cairo (Egypt).
o Organization of American State was founded in 1948; its heat quarter is in Washington DC (USA).
o There are 76 countries in WTO.
o China became the member of the World Trade Organization on 11 December 2001
o OPANAL stands for Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America.
o OPANAL was formed on 2nd December, 1969, its headquarter is in Mexico City.
o OECS stands of Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, established on 18th June, 1981.
o The head quarter of OECS is in Casries (St. Lucia).
o UN has 6 principle organs.
o Security Council has 5 permanent members.
o The Economic and Social Council acts as coordinating body for the numerous specialized agencies
created by the UN. The council has 54 members elected for the term of 3 years.
o The international court of justice comprises 15 judges.
o The IBRD was established in 27th Dec 1945.
o Steel Pact was signed between Italy and Germany on 22nd May 1939 at Berlin.
o Camp David Accord made between Egypt and Israel on 17 Sep 1978.
o Locarno pact signed on 16th October, 1925, signed at Locarno.
o Four Power Pact was signed on 16th July, 1933 at Paris.
o CENTO was signed on 24th Feb, 1955 in Baghdad.
o Balkan Pact was signed on 9th Feb, 1934.
o Eisenhower Doctrine was announced in 1957.
o Entente Cordiale was formed in April 1904, the agreement was signed between England and France.
o Dawes Plan was introduced in 1924.
o CTBT opened for signature from Sep 24, 1996.
o KELLOGG-Briand pact was signed by 15 states on 27th August, 1928, it was signed in Paris.
o Rio Summit was held in Rio-de-Janero on 14th 1992.
o According to the young plan (1929) announced after the first world war Germany was required to pay
100 million dollars in installments.
o UN’s resolution 1441about Iraq was passed in Nov 2002.
o Amnesty International is an international organization which works for the release of the political
prisoners. It was established by peter Bomenson in the year of 1961.
o In 1941 the Atlantic Charter was signed by Churchill and Roosevelt.
o Truman Doctrine-------announced on 12 March 1947 about the security of Greece and Turkey.
o USSR and its allies signed Warsaw pact in the year 1955.
o The famous Dumbarton Oaks conference, which formulated proposals about UN charter, was held in
Dec 1944.
o On 14th August 1941, US president F.D Roosevelt and British Premier W. Churchill signed the Atlantic
Charter on a battle ship.
o Veraillies Treaty was signed in 1919.
o Bostan Tea party tool place in 1773.
o The civil right act which was passed in USA in 1964 was the result of the March of 250000 people
organized by Martin Luther king in 1963.
o The famous XYZ affair tool place when an American delegation visited England.
o Potsdam conference was held in 1945.
o Mamoon Abdul Gavvum (PM of Maldives) said SAARC is a brain child.
o Napolean I, first person to call English a nation of shopkeepers.
o Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration; these words are said by Thomas A.
Edison.
o Hippocrates said that extreme remedies are most appropriate for extreme disease.
o Archimedes said that give me but one firm spot on which to stand, and I will move the earth.
o Leonardo da vinci observed that every man – at three years old- is half his height.
o Darse Ninamia was introduced in Indo-Pak by Mulla Mizam Ud Din.
o Interpol was founded in 1923 in what city- Vienna
o The Asian development bank established in 1966 with headquarter located at MANILA (philipines).
o Eqypt , Iraq , jorden , Lebanon , Saudi Arab , Syria and Yemen are the founder nations of the arab
league.
o Asian development bank was established in 1966 with headquarter located at manila(philipine)
o The International court of Justice is located in Hague,Holland
o WHO is not the principal organ of the United Nations?
o Declaration of Human Rights was adopted on Dec: 10, 1948.
o Green Peace has no formal structure and Secretariat.
o Who were the three statesmen who formulated Non-Aligned Movement (NAM): Nehru, Nasser, and
Tito international headquarter of Transparency International (TI} is located in Berlin, Germany. The
founder of the organisation is Peter Eigen
o The permanent Secretariat of SAARC is established at: Khatmandu

o How many official working languages are recognized by UNO:6
o Who was the first Asian Secretary General of the United Nations? U. Thant
o Baden Powel was the founder of Boy Scout and Civil Guides Movement.
o CIS are 11 independent states of the former Soviet Union known as Commonwealth of Independent
States.
HEADQUARTERS OF WORLD ORGANISATIONS
o The head quarter of Food and Agriculture Organization is in Rome (Italy).
o The head quarter of International Atomic Energy Agency is in Vienna (Austria).
o The heal quarter of International Civil Aviation Organization is in Montréal (Canada).
o The head quarter of International Fund for Agricultural Development is in Rome (Italy).
o The head quarter of International Labor Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of International Monetary Fund is in Washington (USA).
o The head quarter of International Maritime Organization is in London (UK).
o The head quarter of International Telecommunication Union is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is in Paris
(France).
o The head quarter of United Nations Industrial Development Organization is in Vienna (Austria).
o The head quarter of Universal Postal Union is in Berne (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of World Health Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of World Intellectual Property Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of World Meteorological Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of World Bank or IBRD is in Washington (USA).
o The head quarter of World Trade Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of United Nation Development Program is in New York (USA).
o The head quarter of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is in Geneva (Switzerland).
o The head quarter of United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund is in New York (USA).
o The head quarter of United Nations Relief and Works Agency is in Vienna (Austria).
o Headquarters of WWF are in Vienna, Austria.
o SAARC was formed in December, 1985.
o SAARC Human Resource Development Centre is located at Islamabad.
o HQ of Universal Postal Union is in Berne.
o New Zealand’s Don McKinnon is the first secretary general of commonwealth.
o First Islamic Summit was held at Rabat in 1969.
o Second Islamic Summit was held at Lahore in 1974.
o 1n 1948 the UN drawn up a charter of civil and political rights.
o First Secretary General of UN was Tregav Lee of Norway.
o Kofi Anan got noble peace price in 2001.
o UNO world was coined by F.D Roosevelt.
o Kofi Anan is the 7th Secretary General of UNO.
o What was the first country to leave the United Nations-Indonesia
o Don McKinnon is the secretary General of Commonwealth.
o The term of the judges of the international court of justice is 9 years.
o ILO is not an organ of the UN.
o First city to be placed under UN was Sarajevo.
o The UN observed 1998 as the human rights year with the theme “All Human Rights for All”.
o ICJ has 15 judges, any two of whom cannot be of the same nationality.
o Myanmar is not a member of SAARC.
o UN Charter was signed on June 26, 1945 and came into force on October 24, 1945.
o Olive Branch is the emblem of the U.N.
o Five permanent members of U.N Security Council are China, France, Russia, UK and US.
o UN Security Council has five permanent and 10 non-permanent members.
o Bangladesh is not a member of ASEAN.
o As per SAFTA agreement, India, Pakistan & Sri Lanka have to decrease their custom duties to 0-5%
by 2013.
o Estonia is not a member of CIS.
o Portuguese is not an official language of UN.
o ICJ has issued the arrest warrant of ... Omar al Basher of Sudan
o The United States of America has used its veto power more than any other permanent member
o G-7 is the group of seven rich industralial nations- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan
and the US.
o The UNO originated during the second world war.Its charter was drawn up from 25th April to 26th
June, 1945 at San Francisco which was signed by 51 countries.
o In 1971 the people republic of china was given membership of UNO by expelling Taiwan.
o The UN Industrial Development Organization has its headquarters at Vienna.
o Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in 1948.
o Initially, Arab league has seven countries.
o Headquarter of Arab League is located in Cairo. Arab League was established on 22nd March 1945.
o Amnesty International was established in London by the British Lawyer, Peter Benenson in 1961

o The International court of justice was constituted on 26th June 1945
o The Charter of United Nations consists of 111 articles.
o The Common Wealth of Australia came into existence in 1901.
o Article 55 of the UN Charter promotes international Human Rights.
o Territorial waters traditionally are recognized to extend how far from a state’s coastline? 12 miles.
o A state’s executive economic zone (EEZ) is recognized to extend how far from the coastline? 12
miles
o ECOSOC has been established under chapter 10 of the UN charter
o United Arab Emirates is a federation of 7 Emirates.
o Switzerland joined the UN during 2002.
o African Development Bank was established in 1964.
o The principal organs of United Nations are Six.
o United Nations spends a lion’s share of its budget on Refugees rehabilitations
o The UNO originated during the Second World War. Its charter was drawn up from 25th April to 26th
June, 1945 at San Francisco which was signed by 51 countries.
o What famous battle was fought at Pancenoit-Waterloo - (four miles away)
o Transparency International is based in Berlin.
o Where is the headquarter of the Amnesty International located: London
o Arab Magrib Union consists of Five States.
o Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in 1948.
o ESCAP is Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific. Its head office is at Bangkok.
o Human Right Watch dog headquarter is in.. New York
o In which city World Economic forum usually holds its meetings? The World Economic Forum
(WEF) is a Geneva-based non-profit foundation best known for its annual meeting in Davos,
Switzerland
IMPORTANT DAYS
o International Day for the elimination of racial discrimination is observed on 21 March.
o World environment day is observed on 5th June.
o International day of peace is observed on 3rd Tuesday of September.
o World food day is observed on 16 October.
o International women’s day is observed on 8th March.
o World health day is observed on 7th April.
o Universal children’s day is observed on 20 November.
o World’s aids day is observed on 1 December.
o United nation’s day is observed on 24th October.
o International day of disabled person is observed on 3 December.
o Human rights day is observed on 10 December.
o Press day is celebrated on 3rd May.
o Kashmir Solidarity Day is observed on 5 Feb.
o In France the Bastille Day is celebrated on 14th July.
o International Literacy day is observed on 8 Sep.
o World children day is observed on 8th March.
o Human rights day is observed on 10th Dec.
o Day against drug trafficking is observed on 26 June.
o 22 March is celebrated as the world day for water.
o 11th July is known as World Population Day.
o Kashmir solidarity day is celebrated all over the country on 5th February.
o World`s teacher day was observed on october 5, 2005 in pakistan.
o International Literacy Day is celebrated on September 8.
o International Ozone Day is observed on September 16.
o The year 1998 was observed as the International Year of Ocean.
o Commonwealth Day is observed on May 24 every year.
o Human Rights Day is observed on 10th December every year.
o No Smoking Day is observed on April 7.
o World Book Day is observed on April 23.
o World Environment Day is observed on June 5.
o 3rd may... world press freedom day
o World literacy day is celebrated on 8th September

IMPORTANT BOOKS & THEIR AUTHORS
o Shahnama-i-Islam was written by Hafeez Jalandri.
o Man who ruled India was written by Philip Woodruff.
o The book confession was written by Rousseau.
o Quaid –e-Azam Jinnah. The story of a Nation is written by G.Allana.
o Heroes and Hero-Worship was written by Carlyle.
o Foundation of Pakistan was written by Sharif ud din Pirzada.
o Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam was written by Edward Fitzgeranld.
o Gitanjali was written by Rabindranath Tagore.
o Asrar-e-khudi is written by Allama Iqbal
o Bal-e-Jibril is written by Allama Iqbal
o Bang-e-dara is written by Allma Iqbal
o Bostan is written by Sheikh Saadi
o Darbar-i-Akbari is written by Azad, Muhammad Hussain
o Gulistan is written by Sheikh Saadi
o Hayat-i-Jawid is written by Hali
o Javaid Nama is written by Allama Iqbal
o Jawab-e-Shikwah is written by Allama Iqbal
o Ktab al Shifa is written by Ibn Sina
o Mirat ul Aroos is written by Nazir Ahmed
o Muqaddamah is written by Ibn Khaldun
o Shaer o Shaeri is written by Altaf Hussain Hali
o Mussaddas-i-Hali is written by Altaf Hussain Hali
o Naqsh-e-Faryadi is written by Faiz Ahmed Faiz
o Payam-e-Mashriq is written by Allama Iqbal
o Shahnama is written by Firdausi
o Tehzeeb al Ikhlaq is written by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
o Tafhim ul quran is written by Syed Abdul ala Maudoodi.
o Yadgar-i-Galib is written by Hali
o Zabur-e-Anjam is written by Dr. Allama Iqbal
o Zarb-e-Kaleem is written by Dr. Allama Iqbal
o Arabian Nights is written by Sir Richard Buton
o An Ideal Husband is written by Oscar Wilde
o A woman of No importance is written by Oscar Wild
o Animal Farm is written by George Orwell
o Anthony Cleopatra is written by W. Shakespeare
o As you like it is written by W. Shakespeare
o Caesar and Cleopatra is written by G.B Shaw
o Comedy of Errors is written by W. Shakespeare
o Daughter of the East is written by Benazir Bhuto
o Decline and Fall of Roman Empire is written by Edward Gibbon
o Doctor’s Dilemma is written by G.B Shaw
o East of Aden is written by John Steinbeck
o French Revolution is written by Tomas Carlyle
o Freedom at Midnight is written by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapiere
o Gone with the Wind is written by Margaret Mithchel
o Great Expectations is written by Charles Dickens
o Gulliver’s Travels is written by Jonathan Swift
o Hamlet is written by W.Shakespeare
o Ibn Battuta Travels in Asia and Africa is written by Ibn Battuta
o Jungle book is written by Rudyard Kipling
o Jinnah of Pakistan is written by Stanley Wolpert
o Myth of independence is written by Z. A Bhutto
o World War is written by W. Churchill
o Merchant of Venice is written by Shakerpeare
o Muhammad Ali Jinnah is written by M.H Saiyid
o Much Ado About Nothing is written by Shakespeare
o Nine Days Wonder is written by John Masefield
o Nineteen Eighty Four is written by George Orwell
o Old man and the Sea is written by Ernest Hamingway
o Oliver Twist is written by Charles Dickens
o Origin Of species is written by Charles Darwin
o Paradise Lost is written by John Milton
o Pickwick papers is written by Charles Dickens
o Pride and Prejudice is written by Jane Austen
o Robinson Crusoe is written by Daniel Defoe
o Sense and Sensibility is written by Jane Austin
o Sohrab and Rustam Mathew Arnold
o Social Contact is written by Rousseau

o Treasure Island is written by R.L Stevenson
o Tropic of Cancer is written by Henry Miller
o Twelfth Night is written by W. Shakespeare
o A Tale of Two Cities is written by Charles Dickens
o Vanity of Human Wishes is written by Samuel Johnson
o Wealth of Nation is written by Adam Simith
o Zulfi Bhutto of Pakistan is written by Stanley Wolpert
o Faust is written by Goethe
o Mein Kampf is written by Hitler
o Divine Comedy is written by Dante
o Odyssey (Greek) is written by Homer
o Utopia is written by Thomas Mooore
o War and Peace is written by Leo Tolstoy
o Crime and Punishment is written by F.M Dostovsky
o Communist Manifesto is written by Karl Marx and Eagles
o Das Capital is written by Karl Marx
o The idiot is written by Dostoevsky
o Don Quixoto is written by Miguel De Cervates
o The Prince is written by Machiavelli
o Constitutional Development of Pakistan is written by G.W Choudhry
o Five Thousand Years of Pakistan is written by Wheeler R.E.M
o Foreign Policy of Pakistan is written by Zulifkar Ali Bhutto
o Jinnah, Creator of Pakistan is written by Hecor Bolitho
o Muslim Separatism in India and Pakistan is written by Abdul Hamid
o Pakistan the Formative Phase is written by Lawrence Ziring
o Political Syetem in Pakistan is written by Khalid B. Saeed
o Politics in Pakistan is written by Khalid B. Saeed
o Quaid-i-Azam and Pakistan is written by Ahmad Hasan Dani
o Struggle for Pakistan is written by I.H Qureshi
o The Emergence of Pakistan is written by Mohammad Ali Choudhry
o The Making of Pakistan is written by K.K Aziz
o Towards Pakistan is written by Whaeed-uz-Zaman
o World Politics Since 1945 is written by P. Calvocrassi
o Khusboo is written by Parveen Shakir
o Laila Majnoo is written by Amir Khusro
o Akbar nama is written by Abu Fazal
o Al Qanoon fil Tib is written by Ibne Sina
o Green Book is written by Presisdent Moamoor Gadafi
o Republic is written by Plato
o Revolution and Independence is written by Words Worth
o Road to Freedom is written by Bertrand Russel
o Romeo and Juliet is written by Shakespeare
o Joan of Arc is written by G.W Shaw.
o Foust was written by Goethe.
o “Profiles in Courage” is written by Henry Kissinger.
o Pickwick Papers were written by Charles Dickens.
o “East and Eden” was written by John Steinback.
o A farewell to Arms is written by Earnest Hemingway.
o Travel in Arabian Desert was written by C.M Doughty.
o The spirit of Islam was written by Syed Ameer Ali.
o The poem Shikwah and Jawab-e-Sikwah was written by Allama Iqbal.
o Five Thousand Years of Pakistan was written by REM Wheeler.
o Struggle of Pakistan was written by I.H Qureshi.
o The poem “Ancient Mariner” is the work of Coleridge.
o White Papers are policy statements published by the British parliament on the subject of tremendous
public importance.
o Blue Books are the official reports of the British Government.
o White Books are the official publications of the countries like Portugal, China, and Germany.
o Yellow Books are the official records of France.
o Grey Books are the official policy as well as reports of the Japanese government.
o Green Books are the official reports of the Italian government.
o Orange Books are the official publication of the Netherlands.
o Lenin wrote ‘the state and revolution’.
o Ibn-e-Khaldun retired as a judge.
o Al Ghazali is known as Hujatul Islam.
o The name of the book which Al-Farabi wrote is ‘Ara Madinatul Fazila’.
o Plato wrote ‘the laws’.
o Aristotle founded ‘the lyceum’.
o Mao wrote ‘On contradictions’.
o J.S. Mill wrote ‘On liberty’.
o Witness to surrender=Siddique Saliq.

o A short history of Pak:=I.H.Qureshi.
o Discovery of Pak:= A.Aziz.
o Foundation of Pak: = Sharifuddin Pirzada.
o Five Thousand Years of Pak::= R.E.M. Wheeler.
o History of Freedom Movement=I.H.Qureshi.
o Jinnah of Pak: = Stanley Woolpert.
o Jinnah as I know him= Abdul Hassan Isphahani.
o The Making of Pakistan= Richard Symonds.
o The Making of Pakistan=K.K.Aziz.
o Jinnah:Creator of Pak:=Hector Bolithio.
o Quaid-e-Azam: The Story of A Nation=G.Allana.
o India wins Freedom= Abdul Kalam Azad.
o Emergence of Pak:=Ch: Rahmat Ali.
o Towards Pakistan=Wahiduzaman
o Transfer of Power in India=V.P.Memon.
o Pak: Nagozeer Tha= Syed Hasan Raza.
o Quaid-i-Azam & Pakistan=Ahmed Hassan Dani.
o Friends not Masters=Ayub Khan.
o The Pakistan Issue= Nazir Yar Jung.
o Quid wrote the preface of “My Leader”=Ziauddin Ahmed.
o Muslim Nationalism in India= Malik Hafeez.
o Pathway to Pak: = Ch: Khaiquzzaman.
o The Indian Musalimans= W.W.Hunter.
o Our Struggle=Mohd: Noman.
o Evolution of Pak: Sharifuddin Pirzada.
o Mohd: Ali Jinnah=G.Allana.
o Birth of Pak: =Dr. Sachin.
o Pak: the Heart of Asia= Liaquat Ali Khan.
o Incomplete Partition = Alastair Lamb.
o Birth of a tragedy= Dr. Tahir Amir.
o My Last day with Quaid=Ilahi Bux
o Outline of a scheme of Indian Federation=Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan.
o Thought on Pakistan= Ambedkar.
o 'Freedom' at Midnight= Larry Collins
o Hayat-e-Javed was written by Altaf Hussain Hali.
o The Forgotten Years is an autobiography of from Foreign Minister Sir Zafarullah Khan.
o Mission with Mountabatten=Alan Campbell Johnson.
o Religious Thought of Sayyid Ahmed Khan==Bahir Ahmad Dar.
o The Cambridge History of the British Empire=H.H.Dodwell.
o Oxford History of India=Vincent Smith.
o India, Pakistan & the West=Percival Smith.
o The book “party politics in Pakistan’ (1947-58) is written by K.K.AZIZ.
o Alice in Wonderland is a book written by Lewis Carrol.
o Edwina and Nehru is written by Catherine Clement.
o Beloved is a novel authored by Toni Morrison.
o Conquest of Happiness was authored by Bertrand Russel.
o Crossing the Threshold of Hope was authored by Pope John Paul II.
o Gulliver’s Travel is authored by Jonathan Swift in which there is description of the island of Lilliputs.
o Higher than Hopes is biography of Nelson Mandela.
o India Divided is a book written by Dr. Rajenra Parsad.
o Indian War of Independence is a book written by V.D. Savarkar.
o Kubla Khan is a poem by Coleridge.
o Life Divine is a book written by Sri Aurobindo.
o Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus is the book written by John Gray.
o Mother India is a book written by Katherine Mayo.
o My Frozen Turbulence in Kashmir is written by Jagmohan.
o Unto This Last is written by Ruskin.
o Who wrote Gone with the Wind: Margaret Mitchell
o Who wrote "History of God"? Karen Armstrong
o Raghuvasma was written by Kalidas.
o Grief and Hope is a book written by Noa Ben Artizi-Plossof, grand-daughter of slain Israili PM
Yitzak Rabin.
o Freedom Behind Bars is a book written by Kiran Bedi.
o Hayat-e-Jawaid, written by Altaf Hussain Hali, is on the life of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.
o “The Sun also Rises” is written by Earnest Hemingway.
o Khadija Mastoor wrote Angan.
o Imam Ghazali is the author of Ihya-ul-Uloom.
o Montesquieu wrote ‘the spirit of laws’.
o Who wrote the book - Call of the Wild-Jack London
o Who wrote “Voyage through History”? Musarrt Hussain Zuberi
o Who is the author of “Preparing for the Twenty First Century”? Paul Kennedy

o Who wrote “Supreme Court and Human Rights”? Tamizuddin
o The author of famous book, “Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy” is Henry Kissinger.
o ‘Rise and Fall of Great Powers’ is the work of Paul Kennedy.
o My Experiments with Truth is autobiography of Mahtma Gandhi.
IMPORTANT BATTLES
o Battle of Jhelum was fought b/w Alexandar the Great and Raja Porus in 326 B.C. The latter was
defeated.
o Mahumud Ghaznavi invaded on Somnath in 1025 A.D.
o Battle of Tarain was fought b/w Mohd: Ghouri and Prithvi Raj in 1192 A.D. The former won the
battle.
o First battle of Panipat was fought b/w Ibrahim Lodhi and Babur in 1526. Babur won the battle.
o Second battle of Panipat was fought in 1556. Akbar won the battle.
o Third battle of Panipat was fought b/w Ahmad Shah Abdali and Marahttas in 1760. Ahmed Shah
defeated the latter.
o West Bank was occupied in 1967.
o Japan attacked Pearl Harbour located in Hawaii on 7 Dec: 1941.
o Israel occupied Golan Heights from Syria.
o West Bank is located b/w Isreal & Jordan.
o West Bank was occupied in 1967.
o Iran & UAE dispute over Persian Gulf islands, Greater & lesser Tunbs.
o Sakhalin Island is dispute b/w Russia & Japan.
o Iran & UAE dispute over Persian Gulf islands, Greater & lesser Tunbs.
o Sakhalin Island is dispute b/w Russia & Japan.
o In Battle of Sabroan, English defeated Sikhs and captured Lahore.
o Nickname of Atomic Bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945 was Little Boy and on Nagasaki=Fat Man.
o The hundred year war actually lasted for 114 years.
o Sir William Howard Russell was the first Great War correspondent.
o Hundred years war fought between France and Britain during 1338-1453.
o Cease fire between Iran and Iraq took place in 1988, by the intervention of U.N.
o The place named Normandy became worlds famous due to the D.Day landing during the Second
World War on 6th June 1944. Normandy is located in France.
o Pearl Harbor incident took place on 7th Dec 1941.
o In 1982 the Falklands war was fought between Britain and Argentina.
o Civil War of USA lasted from 1861-1865.
o The famous British Naval commander, who defected the French Naval Fleet at Nile in 1788 and at
Trafalgar in 1805 was Horatio Nelson.
o Doer war fought between South Africa and British.
o Fighting broke out between Greeks and the Turks in July 1974.
o At the end of Second World War in 1945, Germany was divided among 4 major powers.
o In Opium war Britain fought against China.
o Gulf war Jan 1991 stopped in Feb 28, 1991.
o Iran-Iraq was started in Sep 1980 and ended in Aug1988.
o Lloyd George of Great Britain represented in treaty of Versailles.
o Germany remained in grip of allied occupation from 1994 to 1952.
o The American general who acted as the supreme commander of Allied forces in Europe during the
Second World War was D.D Eisenhower.
o The criminals of the Second World War were trailed in the city of Nuremburg.
o Break up of Germany occurred on 1945 and merger on Oct 3, 1990.
o Iraq occupied Kuwait on 2nd Aug 1990.
o USA dropped an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6th August 1945.
o First World War begun on 1914 A.D. and Second World War started in 1939 when Germany attacked
on Poland, it is also considered as greatest war.
o Germans call a WW1 sea fight Battle of Skagerrak what in UK: Battle of Jutland
o Operation Thunderbolt was the nickname given to which raid Israeli raid on Entebbe
o In WW2 the Germans launched operation Bernhard - what Counterfeit British Notes
o In WW2 what was the German codename for invasion of Russia- Barberossa
o Operation Dracula in WWII freed what city- Rangoon Burma
o Which 19th century battle UK / USA fought after peace signed- Battle of New Orleans
o Waterloo is now in... Belgium
o The Duke of Wellington defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
o What famous battle was fought at Pancenoit-Waterloo - (four miles away)
o The third battle of Panipat was fought between Marathas and Afghans.
o In Battle of Sabroan, English defeated Sikhs and captured Lahore.
o Iraq occupied Kuwait in August 1990.
o Afghan Mujahideen took power in Kabul on April 20,1991
o North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950.
o Japan attacked Pearl Harbour located in Hawaii on 7 Dec: 1941.
o Nickname of Atomic Bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945 was Little Boy and on Nagasaki=Fat Man.

o Darfur conflict is in Sudan.
HIGHEST MILITARY AWARDS
o Highest military award of Britain is Victoria Cross.
o Highest military award of Germany is Iron Cross.
o Highest military award of India is Pardam Vir Chakra.
o Highest military award of Japan is Order of the Rising Sun.
o Highest military award of Pakistan is Nishan-i-Haider.
o Highest military award of Russia is Order of the Patriotic War.
o Highest military award of USA is Victory Medal.
o What countries highest award is The Order of the Elephant-Denmark
o Order of Honor and Banner is the award of--- USSR
GENERAL INFORMATION
o Water vapors are formed due to evaporation
o Gas in gobar (cow dung) is ethylene. (chk biogas is natural gas)
o GMT was established in 1884
o Radio broad casting started in 1920
o Calorie requirement sedentary is 2500 k.cal, light word is 3000 k.cal, moderate work is 3500 k.cal
and heavy work is 4000 k.cal
o Water is 830 times heavier than air
o Driving mirror is usually convex
o Dossier means relevant papers
o In deserts clouds do not precipitate due to low humidity
o Rain drop is shaped like a peer
o Money is made of cotton
o 1 liter = 0.9 kg
o Tube light emits radiation even after it is disconnected. It is due to Fluorescence
o 510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the ear
o Linseed oil is used while oil painting.
o During the winter months 90% of fallen leaves are taken underground by earth worm
o Cox orange pippen is a biological name of an apple
o Breitling orbiter 3 was the first balloon to fly non-stop around the world
o Aircraft designers test their model of aircraft in wind tonnel
o Aircrafts are made of alluminium alloys
o Flaps are used as air brakes
o Darwin visited Galapagos Island before giving his theory of Natural Selection.
o Staple food is the basic food
o The crops like legumes and beens and clover form their own fertilizer. Farmers grow these crops and
plough into soil as fertilizers. This process is called green manuring.
o Scientists have recently discovered a new taste called Umami.
o Braille system is named after its inventor the Frenchman Louis Brille.
o Isochrones are the lines joining the places of equal labour and transportation costs.
FIRST, LARGEST, BIGEST, LONGEST, OLDEST
o What is Europe's largest port-Rotterdam
o What was first used at the 1904 St Louis Olympic games-Gold medals silver was first before
o Where is the world’s oldest university- Fez Morocco –founded 859
o What is the largest Island in The Greater Antilles- Cuba
o What is the worlds most polluted major city- Mexico City
o What is the world’s fastest moving insect-Tropical Cockroach
o Where is the largest church in the world-Vatican in Rome
o What was the first country to use postcards- Austria
o Where is the world’s largest Chinese settlement outside Asia San Francisco – Chinatown
o Which country has no national monetary unit of its own Andorra
o Which country has the highest % of women in their legislature Cuba
o Which country has the most daily newspapers- India
o Which city was built in the design of a union flag Khartoum
o What was the first country to use TV as a mass info media Germany
o In which country is the world’s longest road tunnel Switzerland

o Which country has no public toilets- Peru
o Bill gates (USA), founder and chairman of Microsoft Corporation, is currently the richest person in
the world and Lillian Bettencourt (France) is the richest woman in the world.
o Nauru, an island located in western Pacific Ocean, is the smallest republic of the world.
o Mount Everest (2759 N 8656 E) is the highest mountain peak which is located on Nepal Tibet border
in the Himalayas.
o New Cornelia tailings on ten mile wash Arizona USA with a volume of 209500 million cubic meters
is the world’s largest volume dam.
o Taipei-I built in Taiwan is world’s second tallest building.
o The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest place of the world and Masynram in Assam (India) is the
wettest place in the world.
o Canada has the longest coastline which is 151,489 miles in the length and Monaco’s coastline
measures only 3.5 miles in length.
o Dalol Danaki depression in Ethiopia with an average annual temperature of 35c (95f) is the hottest
place on earth and Plateau station, in Antarctica with an average annual temperature of -56.7c (-
71.7f), is the coldest place of the globe.
o Grand central terminal of New York is the largest railway station. It covers an area of 48 acres.
o The Seikan railway tunnel in Japan is the longest railway tunnel in the world, it s length is 33.50
miles (53.9 km)
o Longest road tunnel is St. Goatherd Rd. located in Switzerland 16.3 km long.
o The yellow stone national park (USA) is the largest national park. It has an area of 3350 sq miles.
o The California University (USA) is the biggest university of the world.
o King khalid international airport, Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) is the largest airport in the world.
o The port of New York and New Jersey (USA) is the largest seaport in the world.
o Mandarin (Chinese) is the most spoken language of the world. It is estimated that a total number of
999 million ppl speak it.
o The noble prize is the largest prize. Each prize carries an amount of one million dollars.
o Shah faisal mosque located in Islamabad (pak) is the largest mosque.
o Ostrich is the largest bird in the world.
o Saudi Arabia is the largest exporter of oil in the world.
o The longest river in Asia is Yangtze
o The world’s largest internet search engine is Google.
o After United states, the largest number of inventions in the last two decades belongs to Germany
o China has the largest population, Russia has largest land area and Vatican city has smallest population
and land area in the world
o Lord Clive was the first and Lord Mountbatten was the last British ruler of India.
o Largest continent of the world is "Asia" and smallest is "Australia”. Largest ocean of the world is
"pacific ocean” and smallest ocean is "Indian ocean”. The Sahara is the largest desert of the world.
o Kazakhstan is the largest Muslim country in land area in the world. It has an area of 1,049,000
sq.miles. Maldives is the smallest Muslim country in land area of 115 sq. miles.
o Indonesia is the most populous Muslim country and Maldives is less populous Muslim country.
o Antarctica is the uninhabited continent of the world which is without any regular population.
o Seoul (South Korea) is the most populous city of the world.
o The lake Baikal of Russia has the maximum depth of 5315 feet.
o Turkey is the country having its land in two continents
o The world’s longest current reigning monarch is Queen of England.
o Germany is the highest solar energy user in the world.
o Inflation means that money falls in value.
o The Cambodian Language is the language with most Alphabets. It has a total number of 74 alphabets.
o The Ostrich of North Africa is the biggest bird. Its height is up to 2.7 meters ( 9 feet ) and weight is
up to 160 kgs. While the humming bird is smallest bird. It is 5.5-20 cm in length and weight about 16
grams.
o Glaciers are found on every continent except Africa. The Lambert Glacier enjoys the distinction of
being the largest glacier in the world. It is located in the Australia Antarctic Territory. Its length is
440 miles (700 km) and was discovered in 1956-57.
o The largest museum in the world is the American Museum of Natural History
o The lowest mountain range in the world is the Bhieuna Bhaile
o The country known as the Land of Cakes is Scotland
o The place known as the Garden of England is Kent
o The old name of Taiwan was Formosa
o The largest bay in the world is Hudson Bay, Canada
o The largest church in the world is Basilica of St.Peter,Vatican City,Rome
o The tallest statue in the world is the Motherland,Volgagrad Russia
o The world's loneliest island is the Tristan da cunda
o The country whose National Anthem has only music but no words is Bahrain
o The largest cinema in the world is the Fox theatre,Detroit,USA
o The country where there are no Cinema theatres is Saudi arabia
o The world's tallest office building is the Sears Tower,Chicago
o The country where military service is compulsory for women is Israel
o The country which has more than 10,000 golf courses is USA
o The country which built the first powerful long range rockets is Germany

o The largest temple in the world is Angkorwat in Kampuchea
o The largest dome in the world is Louisiana Superdome,New Orleans,USA
o The largest strait in the world is Tartar Strait
o The largest city of Africa is Cairo
o The founder of KODAK Company was Eastman
o The Cape of Good Hope is located in South Africa
o The last letter of the Greek alphabet is Omega
o The place known as the land of Lincoln is Illinois
o The Pentagonian desert is located in Argentina
o The person known as the father of aeronautics is Sir George Cayley
o The most densely populated Island in the world is Honshu
o The two nations Haiti and the Dominion Republic together form the Island of Hisponiola
o The largest auto producer in the USA is General Motors
o The first actor to win an Oscar was Emil Jannings
o The first animated colour cartoon of full feature length was Snow White and Seven Dwarfs
o The first demonstration of a motion picture was held at Paris
o The first country to issue stamps was Britain
o The world's largest car manufacturing company is General Motors,USA
o The world's biggest manufacturer of bicycles is Hero cycles,Ludhiana
o The world's oldest underground railway is at London
o The last French Monarch was Louis Napoleon III
o The first man to reach Antarctica was Fabian Gotileb
o Oldest surviving building in world is pyramids of Egypt.
o K-2 is also known as Godwin Austin, first climbed by Ardito Desio 1956.
o Mount Everest is the highest mountain located in Himalaya (Nepal).
o Tensing and Hillary were the first human beings to set foot on the top of Mt. Everest. Tensing
belonged to India and Hillary is a native of New Zealand.
o K2 is the second highest peak located in Korokoram (Pakistan).
o Mount Everest was named after Sir George Everest.
o Mozambique has the lowest GNP.
o The biggest airport in the world is King Khalid situated in Saudi Arabia.
o Nauru is the smallest republic of the world.
o Capital with highest elevation La Paz.
o Largest Dam, Grand Coulee Dam is in USA.
o World’s biggest museum is British Museum.
o Volta Lake (Ghana) is the largest artificial lake of the world.
o Largest zoo is in South Africa.
o Largest Hydroelectric power station is in Brazil.
o Largest palace is in Brunei.
o Longest railway tunnel is Seikan Railway Tunnel, in Japan.
o The largest railway tunnel in the world is the Oshimzu Tunnel, Japan (chk)
o Longest underground railway Tunnel is in Moscow.
o Grand Central Terminal of New York is the largest railway station of the world.
o Biggest Library is Congress Library in USA.
o Largest Stadium is in Czech Republic.
o Country with largest coast line is Canada.
o Country with largest budget is USA.
o The highest birth rate is of Malawi.
o Peru with lowest birth rate.
o Country with most billionaires is USA.
o Walt Disney is the man with highest number of Oscars.
o The world’s longest platform is known as the Loop, which is located in USA.
o Monaco has the shortest coast line.
o The biggest Square the Tiananmen Square is in China.
o Largest Tomb the mount li tomb is in China.
o The longest cricket match between England and South Africa in 1939 abandoned after 10 days.
o Largest number of school is in China.
o Largest fort, Fort George situated in UK.
o The largest church of the world is in Rome (Italy).
o Largest exhibition centre is in Germany.
o Lake Victoria is the largest lake of Africa.
o The film Ben Hur won the most (11) Oscur Awards in 1959.
o World’s largest mosque is shah faisal mosque.
o Largest capital is Ottawa.
o Tibetan Plateau has highest elevation.
o Smallest continent is Australia.
o Least populated Muslim country is Maldives.
o City with largest elevation is Lhasa.
o Largest Bay is Bay of Bengal.
o Largest delta is in Bengal created by the river Bharamputra and the Ganges.
o Largest gulf is the Gulf of Mexico.

o Largest water reservoir is Own falls (Uganda).
o Largest dam by volume is Kiev dam (Ukrain).
o Biggest dam is Pati dam (Argentina).
o Hottest place is Aziziyah, Libya.
o Coldest place is Plateau station (Antartica).
o Driest place is Atacama Desert in Chile.
o Biggest national park is yellow stone national park.
o Biggest university is California University (USA).
o Largest battle ship is USS Missouri.
o Largest sea port is port of Net York and New Jersey (USA).
o Most spoken language is Mandarin Chinese.
o Largest mosque is Shah Faisal Mosque at Islamabad.
o Largest church is Chatholic Basilica (Vetican Rome).
o Largest university is university of New York USA.
o Oldest civilization is Sumerian civilization (Mesopotamia).
o Oldest town is Jericho (Jordan).
o Largest land mammal is African Elephant.
o Longest strait is the Strait of Malacca.
o Tallest animal is Giraffe.
o Largest bird is ostrich.
o Smallest bird is humming bird.
o Largest bank of the world is Dutch Bank of Germany.
o The country with most refugees is Iran.
o Country with most islands is Indonesia.
o First Muslim dynasty in India is slave dynasty.
o Highest birth rate is of Malawi (Africa).
o Lowest birth rate is of Peru.
o Highest death rate is of Peru.
o Lowest death rate is of Kuwait.
o A richest woman is Queen Elizabeth.
o The largest of oil consumer is USA.
o The largest oil field is Ghawar Oil field (Saudi Arabia).
o Tallest tower is CN Tower Toronto (Canada).
o Busiest airport is O’Hare International Airport (USA).
o Oldest capital city is Damascus (Syria).
o Largest constellation is Hydra.
o Fastest bird is Pregrine Falcon.
o Largest metropolitan is Mexico City.
o Biggest park is the wood Buffalo national park.
o Densest population is of Bangladesh.
o Longest canal is Volga Batlic canal.
o Longest day 21 June and shortest day December 21.
o Largest diamond is Cullinan.
o Longest big ship canal is Suez Canal.
o The smallest ocean is Arctic Ocean.
o Reticulated python is the longest snake in the world.
o Urengoi (Russia) is the largest natural gas reserved.
o The Bamboo has the fastest growth rate. It grows up to 3 feet in 24 hours.
o Trans-Siberian railway line is the longest in the world.
o Roxy is the biggest cinema house of the e world. It is located in New Your (United State).
o The largest telescope of the world called Keck-I, is located in Hawaii (USA).
o Jean Bernard is the deepest cave in France.
o The fastest flying bird in the world is Falcon.
o Largest peninsula is Arabian Peninsula.
o Mariana Trench is the deepest part of Pacific.
o The longest railway station is located in Japan.
o Polus Nedostupnostir is the coldest place on earth.
o Tallest Light house “Steel Marine Tower” is in Japan.
o The biggest delta in the world is the Sunderbans
o The city which is the biggest centre for manufacture of automobiles in the world is Detroit,USA
o The river which carries maximum quantity of water into the sea is the Mississippi
o Volentina Treshkova (USSR) was the first woman astronaut who orbited the earth in the year 1983.
o The American astronaut Neil Armstrong was the first man to steps on the surface of moon on 21 July
1969.
o Largest producer of silver is Mexico.
o The largest producer of carpet is Iran.
o The largest producer of cheese is USA.
o The largest producer of cotton is USA.
o The largest producer of Jute is Bangladesh.
o The largest producer of Rice is China.
o The largest producer of Silk is China.

o The largest producer of Steel is USA.
o The largest producer of Sugar is India.
o The largest producer of Tea is India.
o The largest producer of Wheat is USA.
o The largest producer of Wool is Australia.
o The largest producer of gold is South Africa.
o The largest producer of oil is Saudi Arabia.
o The largest producer of coffee
o The largest producer of tin is Malaysia.
o The world’s leading banking center is Zurich.
o Most Spoken Language is Chinese.
o World’s largest fish catching country is China.
o Muhammad Fathullah Khan Kandahari's translation: Printed in 1861, Bhopal, India, It is the first
known translation of the holy Qur'an in Pashto
o The first translation of the Quran into a Western language was made into Latin. It was carried out by
Robertus Rotenesis and Hermannus Dalmata in 1143
o South China Sea is the largest sea.
o What country is the world leader in Cobalt Mining-Zaire
o What animal has the best hearing-Bats
o What country had the first banknotes-Sweden China paper not banknotes
o Where was the world’s first supermarket built (country)-France
o Which country grows the most sugar-Brazil
o Name the largest Mediterranean island-Sicily
o Who was the first British monarch to visit America George VI in 1939
o What country consumes the most meat per capita 124 lb-Argentina
o What is the world’s largest food company- Nestle
o Which of the following is the world’s largest city in area? Mount Isa (Australia) /New York (chk)
o Which of the following countries has the largest area of forest? Russia
o Where the world is’s tallest Pagoda located? China
o Which of the following is the largest Gulf in the world? Gulf of Mexico
o In 1901 who first transmitted radio signals across Atlantic: Marconi
o Which country has the smallest birth rate: Vatican City
o Which country was the first to introduce old age pensions: Germany
o Who piloted the first flight across the English channel: Louis Bleriot
o What was the first James Bond film: Dr No
o Which country set up the world’s first chemistry lab in 1650: Netherlands
o Which country was the first to abolish capital punishment 1826-Russia Czar Nicholas -Siberia instead
o What country is nearest to the North Pole: Greenland
o Who were the first people to measure the year-Babylonians
o Who was Canada's first prime minister-Sir John MacDonald
o What is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion: Judaism
o In what city is the world’s largest carpet manufacturer-Kashmir
o What is the world’s largest herb-Banana
o What country produces the most tobacco in the world-China
o What country has the most elephants-Tanzania
o Who was the first woman to receive The Order of Merit 1907-Florence Nightingale
o What country has the most Post Offices -India
o Where was the first Miss World contest held in 1951-London
o What country has the world’s largest merchant navy-Liberia
o What country consumes the most tea per capita-Ireland
o What country has the world’s oldest National Anthem-Netherlands
o What city has the world’s biggest taxi fleet-Mexico - over 60000
o What animal is mentioned most in the Bible-Sheep
o What is officially the poorest US state-Mississippi
o DELAG was the world’s first what Oct 16 1909- Airline - by Zeppelin
o Where was the first police force established in 1667-Paris
o What is the world tallest horse Shire Horse
o What bird lays the largest clutch of eggs The Grey Partridge – up to 16
o The King Cobra is the only snake that does what-Builds a Nest
o World’s oldest existing treaty of 1373 between England and who Portugal
o What is considered to be the world’s fastest team game Ice Hockey
o What is the world’s largest airline- Aeroflot
o Which city had the world first public bus service- Paris
o Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean.
o The longest highway in the world is the Trans-Canada
o The largest bell in the world is the Tsar Kolkol at Kremlin,Moscow
o The biggest stadium in the world is the Strahov Stadium,Prague
o The country which has the greatest population density is Monaco
o The first President of Egypt was Mohammed Nequib
o The first man to reach North Pole was Rear Peary
o The first Prime minister of Bangladesh was Mujibur Rehman

o The primary producer of newsprint in the world is Canada
o The first explorer to reach the South Pole was Cap.Ronald Amundson
o The airplane was used in war for the first time by Italians(14 Oct.1911)
o United State has most TV stations in the world.
o China has most land frontiers with neighboring countries.
o Tokyo is the largest metropolitan city.
o The first man to circumnavigate the world was Magellan.
o The world’s poorest country with a lowest per capita income is Rwanda.
o Saudi Arabia is no.1 oil producing country in the world
o Hingol is the largest river in the world.
o After USA, France is the biggest arms seller in the world.
o The maximum presentation in the European parliament is held by Germany.
o First test tube baby Louise Brown (England) was born in 1978.
o Oldest athlete to win Olympic title in 1920 belongs to USA.
o Youngest Olympic champion, Barbara pearl Jones belonged to USA.
o USA is the largest nuclear electric power producing country in the world. It produces 98,784 MW
electricity which is about 30% of the total nuclear electricity generated in the world.
o Kilauea situated in Hawaii (US) is the most active volcano of the world
o Robert E. Perry (1856-1920) an American explorer reached North Pole on 6th April, 1909 for the first
time in human history.
o In what country was the world’s first wildlife sanctuary set up-Sri Lanka 3rd cent BC
o Longest land frontier is of China.
o Highest % of land under cultivation is in India.
o World’s oldest university al-Azhar is in Egypt.
o Yum located in Arizona (USA) is the sunniest place of the world. It gets sunshine in 91 % possible
hours
o The longest continuous war was the thirty year war between various European countries from 1618 to
1648. While the shortest continuous war was between UK and Zanzibar, which lasted from 90 am to
9:45 am on 27th august 1896.
o China had the maximum number (861878) of primary schools. India was at the top with 241,129
secondary schools in 1994.
o USA is the country with 109 nuclear reactors , followed by France 56, japan 51
o Which country grows the most fruit: China
o Vicolo della virilita of Italy is the world’s narrowest street.
o Canal Street is the widest street in USA.
o Fastest animal is cheetah.
o Slowest animal is Snail 2 to 3 feet per minute.
o Biggest bell is Great bell at Moscow.
o Fastest bird is Indian swift.
o Largest bird is Ostrich.
o Smallest bird is Helena’s humming bird.
o Bird that never makes its nest is Cuckoo.
o Wingless bird is Kiwi.
o Longest canal is the Volga-Baltic.
o Highest capital is La Paz (Bolivia).
o Deepest cave is Reseau Jean Bernard (France).
o Biggest cinema house is Roxy (New York).
o Largest Church is Episcopalian Diocese (New York).
o Biggest city (by population) is Tokyo.
o City largest by area is Kiruna (Sweden).
o Largest continent is Asia.
o Largest coral formation is The Great Barrier Reef (Australia).
o Longest corridor is Rameshwaram temple corridor.
o Highest country is China (Tibet region).
o Largest country by population is China.
o Largest country by area is Russia.
o Smallest country by area is Vatican City State.
o Highest dam is Rogunsky.
o Largest concrete dam is The Grand Coulee, USA.
o Longest Day in Northern Hemisphere is 21st June.
o Shortest Day in Northern Hemisphere is 22nd Dec:
o Largest Delta is Sundarbands (Bangladesh).
o Hottest desert is Libyan Sahara.
o Largest desert is Sahara (Africa) 33, 20,000 sq. miles.
o Highest desert is Atacama (Chile).
o Largest diamond is Cullinan.
o Largest diamond mine is Kimberley (South Africa).
o Largest dome is of Astrodome, Houston (USA).
o Biggest flower is Rafflesia (Java, Indonesia).

o Lightest gas is hydrogen.
o Longest glacier is Lambert (Antarctica).
o Largest gulf is Gulf of Mexico.
o Largest gorge is Grand Canyon.
o Hottest place is Dalol (Ethiopia).
o Largest Island is Greenland.
o Largest underground lake is Drachenhauchloch cave (Arizona).
o Largest man-made lake is Lake Mead Arizona.
o Biggest library is Congress Library (USA).
o Longest lifespan of animal is of Giant tortoise.
o Largest mammal is Blue whale.
o Highest melting point is of Tungsten, 3410° C.
o Tallest Minaret is Qutub Minar (Delhi) 238 feet.
o Largest mosque is Shah Faisal Mosque, Islamabad.
o Highest mountain peak is Mt. Everest (Himalaya).
o Tallest mountain range is The Himalaya range with 96 of world’s 109 tallest peaks.
o Longest mountain range is Andes (South America).
o Biggest museum is British Museum (London).
o Largest Commercial Ocean is Atlantic Ocean.
o Youngest ocean is Atlantic Ocean.
o Mediterrian Sea means ‘sea in the middle of land’.
o Saltiest ocean is Mediterranean Ocean.
o Ocean shrinking and growing is Atlantic Ocean.
o Fastest ocean swimmer is Sailfish (68 mph).
o Biggest palace is Vatican.
o Biggest park is the Wood Buffalo National Park, Alberta, Canada.
o Biggest passenger train is Queen Elizabeth (UK).
o Largest peninsula is Saudi Arabia.
o Coldest place is Verkhoyansk (Russia).
o Driest place is Death Valley (California).
o Hottest place is Azizia Libya Africa.
o Longest railway platform is Khargpur, India
o Highest plateau is Pamir, Tibet.
o Longest poisonous snake is King Cobra.
o Largest port is Rotterdam (Netherlands).
o Largest railway station is Grand Central Terminal.
o Longest railway line is Trans-Siberian Railway.
o Rainiest spot is Cherrapunji.
o Largest man-made reservoir is Angara River Russia.
o Largest river basin is Amazon River.
o Longest river dam is Hirakud Dam India.
o Largest river in volume is Amazon (Brazil).
o Longest river is Nile (Egypt).
o Largest sea bird is Albatross.
o Largest space centre is Cape Kennedy (USA).
o Largest stadium is Straho Stadium Prague.
o Tallest statue is Statue of Liberty (NY).
o Largest suspension bridge is Verazano-Narrows, NY.
o Longest swimming course is English Channel, UK.
o Broadest strait is Mozambique.
o Longest strait is Malacca.
o Biggest Telescope is Astro Physical Observatory.
o Largest temple is Angkor Vat (Cambodia).
o Longest non-stop train is Flying Scotman.
o Highest town is Wenchuan, Tibet (China).
o Tallest tower is CNN Tower, Toronto, USA.
o Longest road tunnel is Seikan (Japan).
o Highest volcano is Cotapaxi (Ecuador).
o Largest volcano is Mauna Loa (Hawaii)
o Philippines has the greatest number of volcanoes in the world.
o Longest wall is Great Wall of China 1550 miles long.
o Highest waterfall is Angel (Venezuela)
o Lowest body of water is Dead Sea.
o Biggest zoo is Etosha National Park, Namibia.
o In 2650 the first Pyramid was built in Egypt.
o In 776 First Olympic Games were played in Greece.
o Alexander invaded India in battle of Hydaspes.
o Emperor Theodesius banned the Olympic Games.
o Sun and Moon pyramids are in Mexico.
o Rock temple was built at Jerusalem.
o The largest tea producing country is India.

o USA has the largest production of aluminium.
o Rainfall related to mountains is Orographic rainfall.
o Lakes give the source of terrestrial moisture.
o Bangladesh has a dispute over the construction of a dam on Naaf River with Myanmar.
o A large coral reef containing islands encompassing a sea water lagoon is named Atoll.
o The largest basins in the face of the earth are oceans. Basin is a low land area.
o Sri Lanka is not a landlocked country.
o The thinnest earth layer is Crust.
o The name of the second highest African peak is Mount Kenya.
o Name of the second largest river of Africa is The Congo.
o Sundarbans Forests are world’s largest mangrove forests.
o Khunjra Pass connects Pakistan with China.
o Water source beneath the earth flowing naturally is called spring.
o Canada leads in the world in production of asbestos.
o Bachendri Pal is the first Indian woman to scale Mount Everst.
o Borge Ousland is a Norwegian explorer. He became the first person to walk across the Antarctic
continent alone and unsupported.
o Brazil is the largest producer of coffee in the world.
o Chile is the largest copper producing country in the world.
o The country where death rate is lowest in the world is Japan.
o Largest Ginger producing nation is Indonesia.
o Lithuania was the first Soviet Republic of the former Soviet Union which declared itself independent.
o Madagaskar is the largest island in the Indian Ocean.
o Ferdinand Magellan commanded the first expedition in 15190 to sail round the world and discovered
passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic. He proved that the shape of the earth is round.
o India leads in export of Mica in the world.
o Longest Optical Fibre is between Singapore and Marseilles.
o Dr. Ian Wilmut is credited with first cloned sheep.
o New Zealand was the first country to propose Carbon Tax to address global warming.
o Suez Canal is the largest ship canal in the world. It joins Red Sea with Mediterranean Sea. The plan
of the Suez Canal was conceived by Ferdinand de Lesseps.
o Largest sugar producing country is India second is Brazil.
o Cuba is the highest producer of sugarcane in the world.
o In November 2005, Africa’s first woman head of state was elected in Mozambique. Her name is
Luisa Diogo of FELIMO party.
o Amazon is the largest river of the world.
o The North Atlantic Route is the largest and busiest of the ocean trade routes.
o Most Subways in the country.. USA
o What city has the longest metro system: London
o USA has most roads what country has second most: India
o China started Civil Service Examination first of all in 6 A.D.
o Which of the following is the largest sugar producing country in the world? Brazil
o World’s oldest regligionis Hinduism.
o World’s largest religion is Christianity.
o World’s second most populous city is Mexico City.
o First to sail around the world was Ferdinand Magallan
o Largest number of Palestinian refugees are in Jordan.
o Kazakistan is the largest country in Central Asia.
o Largest landlocked country in world is Mangolia.
o Biggest oil refinery is at Abadan (Iran).
o Detroit (USA) is famous for car manufacturing.
o Glasgow is biggest ship building centre.
o Havana is famous for cigar manufacturing.
o Europe’s only Islamic state is Albania.
o Newzealand is close to Int: Date Line.
o In which city there is the largest stock exchange of the world? New York.
o Oldest Search Engine is ... Yahoo
o Bird largest in size... Ostrich
o Oldest parliament in the world--- Althing (Iceland)
o The last King of Afghanistan... Zahir Shah
o First person to walk across the Antarctic continent alone was Borge Ousland.
o Aqualine is the world’s longest under-sea tunnel (15.1 km long) bridge and tunnel express-way for
motor vehicles across Tokyo Bay.
o Arabia is the largest peninsula.
o Only Hindu kingdom in World is Nepal.
o Who was the first man to fly across the channel: Louis Bleriot
o What is the largest state in the USA: Alaska
o Which of the following countries of South-West Asia leads in the production of oil? Saudi Arabia
o Which country grows the most potatoes: Russia
o What language has the most words: English
o What is the smallest state of Australia-Tasmania

o Paris and What other capital had the world’s first telephone link-Brussels
o What is the largest country in Africa -Sudan
o What was the world’s first passenger jet aircraft-Comet
o In what city was the world’s first blood bank opened 1940-New York – Richard Charles Drew
o What county first used pepper-China
o What is the oldest known science- Astronomy
o What is the last element – Alphabetically-Zirconium
o What is the world’s most popular first name-Mohammed
o What is the fastest swimming ocean fish over 60 mph-Sailfish – Marlin
o People`s republic of china has the largest army of the world.
o The largest tides of the world occur in Bay of fundy (canada).
o Sudan is the largest country in Africa.
o Mumbai is the most populous city.
o Khan Mehtarzai is the highest railway station in Asia.
o Maximum quantities of diamonds are found in Africa.
o The highest rainfall for one month was recorded at Indian town of Cherapoonje. 366,14 inches rain
fell there during the month of july 1861.
o Light is the fastest thing in the universe. It travels at a phenomenal speed of 187,000 miles per
second.
o The largest tides of the world occur in Bay of Fundy (Canada).
o Takla Makan is in China is the driest desert in Asia.
o Largest earthquake fatalities occurred in Izmir, Turkey in 1999.
o Breitling orbiter 3 was the first balloon to fly non-stop around the world.
o King of Malaysia is the only king in the world who is elected for 5 years term.
o Largest oil company belong to USA is The Ecxon Corporation.
o The busiest shopping centre of London is Oxford Street
o Sierra Leone has the lowest GDP per capita of 510 US dollars and Luxembourg has the highest GDP
per capita of 36,400 US dollars.
o People`s republic of china has the largest army of the world.
o The Royal Majesty ship Queen Elizabeth (UK) is the largest passenger ship in the world. It is 314
metres long and 36 metres wide.
o The Cambodian language is a language which has a total number of 74 alphabets.
o The Sumerian civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization of the world.
o Jericho, situated in the Jorden valley is the oldest town of the world.
o The maximum ever temperature of 136.4 F was recorded on September 13,1922 in the city Azizia
(Libya) and The minimum temperature of -129.6 F was recorded in the town of Vostok near
Antarctica on 24th august , 1960.
o Worldwide most capital cities begin with which letter- B
o Who built the world’s first film studio- Thomas Alva Edison
o Where is the world’s largest mine-Carletonville South Africa
o What is the biggest tourist attraction in Zambia-Victoria falls
o What country consumes the most coffee per capita 25 Lb-Finland
o Oil is the most traded product in the world what is the second-Coffee
o Which country makes the most films per year- India
o What's the world’s longest rail journey made no train change Moscow Peking
o What was the first sport to be filmed -Boxing by Thomas Edison 1894
o Name the first film to have its sequel released in the same year-King Kong - Son of Kong
o What cities underground has the most stations-New York
o First man to set foot on all five continents- Captain Cook
o Who was the pilot in the first fatal air crash-Orville Wright
o Where was the world’s first oil well drilled-Pennsylvania
o What country drink the most milk per capita-Iceland
o What country consumes the most fish per capita-Japan
o What was the first country to recognise the US as independent-Morocco
o On what are the world’s smallest paintings painted- Pin Heads
o Who was the first person to wear a wristwatch- Queen Elizabeth 1st
FATHER’S OF DIFFERENT FIELDS
o Father of modern chemistry is Jabir bin Hayyan
o Father of botany is Theofrastus
o Father of biology is Aristotle
o James Hutton is called the father of modern geology.
o Thefrastus is called as father of botany.
o Father of Homeopathy is Heinemann.
o Founder of physical chemistry Arrhenius.
o Copernicus is known as the Father of Astronomy.
o Greek writer Herodotus is called father of History.
o Who is known as The father of English poetry - 1340 - 1400 Geoffrey Chaucer
o ‘Aristophanes’ is called father of comedy.

o Charles Babbage is called " Father of computer "
o Adam smith is called " Father of economics "
DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS
o Galileo was first to discover rotation of earth
o Kohler and Milstein discovered monoclonal antibodies.
o Photography was invented by Mathew Barry
o Albert Sabin invented Polio vaccine (oral)
o Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev (Russian) published his first version of periodic table in 1869.
o X-ray machine was invented by James Clark
o Arthur Campton discovered x-rays and Cosmic rays.
o Chadwick discovered Neutron
o Telescope was invented by Galileo
o Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming
o Noble gases discovered by Cavendish
o Gun powder was first invented in China
o Velocity of light was measured by Michelson
o Archimedes gave laws about Floatation of Bodies
o Balloon fly up in air according to Archimedes’s principle
o Dr. Christian Bernard was first to perform heart transplant in 1967 in cape town(SA)
o First man to receive artificial heart was Dr. Barney B. Clark
o Barometer was invented by Pascal
o Robert Hook discovered Cell in 1665
o Aspirin discovered by Dresser
o Atomic theory given by Dalton
o Atomic number given by Mosley
o Bacteria by Leeunhock
o Blood circulation by William Harvey
o Calculus by Newton
o Co2 by Fishcer
o Chlorine by K. Scheele
o Oxygen by Priestley
o Hydrogen by Cavandish
o Super conductor by Bendnorz and Muller in 1987 and were awarded Nobel Prize
o Cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney.
o Chloroform by Guthrie
o Deuterium by Harlod
o Dynamite by Alfred B. Nobel
o DNA by Watson Crick
o Gene by Johanson
o Chromosomes by Waldyar
o Electric resistance by Ohm
o Electrolysis by Faraday
o Electron by J.J. Thomson in 1897
o Neutron by Chadwick
o Proton by Rutherford
o Positron by Anderson
o Ozone by Echonbein
o Planetary motion by Kepler
o Radioactivity by Bacquerel
o Radium by Currie
o Insulin by Banting & Best
o Human heart transplant by Bernard
o Vaccine (measles) by Peebles
o Vaccine (polio) by Salk
o Vaccine (rabies) by Louis Pasteur
o Vaccine (small pox) by Edward Jenner
o Cause of Malaria was discovered by Ronald Ross
o Adding machine invented by Pascal
o Atom Bomb by Otto Hahn
o Air Brake by George Washington
o Air Conditioning by H. Carier
o Airplane (with motor) by Wright Bothers
o Airplane (jet engine) by Ohain
o Automobile (electric) by William Morrison
o Automobile (differential gear) by Benz
o Bakelite by Leo Hendricks Backland
o Balloon by Mont Golfer
o Barometer by Torricelli

o Bicycle (modern) by Starley
o Bifocal lens by Benjamin Franklin
o Burner (gas) by Bunsen
o Calculating machine (digital) by Charles Babbage
o Camera (photographic) by Josef N. Niepce
o Carburetor by Daimler
o Cement by Joseph Aspidin
o Circuit breaker by Hilliard
o Computer (electronic) by J.P.Eckert and J.W.Mauckly
o Diesel engine by Rudolf Diesel
o Digital camera was invented by Eastman Kodak.
o Gas engine by Daimler
o Electric fan by wheeler
o Electric flat iron by Henry Sealy
o Electric generator by Hippolyte Pixie
o Electric motor by Michael Faraday
o Motor A.C by Tesla
o Motor D.C by Devin Port
o Electric shaver by W.S. Hadaway
o Electric vaccum cleaner by James Spangler
o Electromagnet by William Sturgeon
o Electron Microscope by Vladimir Zwryin
o Microscope (compound) by Janessen and Leeuhock
o Flying shuttle by Johan Kay
o Gun powder by Roger Bacon
o Gas engine (four cycle) by Otto and Daimler
o Helicopter by Sikorsky
o Interneral combustion engine by Daimler
o Jet engine by Frank Whittle
o Knitting Machine by William Lee
o Lamp (incadecent) by Thomas Edision
o Montgoflier invented balloon.
o Talbot invented photographic paper.
o Dickenson invented paper machine.
o Blanchard invented parachute.
o Colt’s invention is pistol.
o Howe was the inventor of sewing machine.
o Lamp (mercury) by Hewit
o Laser (practical) by Gordon Gould
o Laser (operable) by T.H.Mainman
o Machine gun by Gatling
o Match (safety) by Pasch
o Microphone by Graham Bell
o Motion pictures (camera) by Edison
o Motor cycle by Daimler
o Motor scooter by Bradsha
o Parachute by Garnerin
o Pen (fountain) by Waterman
o Pen (ball-point) John Loud Biro
o Photoelectric cell by Julius Elster
o Piano by Christopher
o Printing press (screw type) by Guten Berg
o Radar by Watson Watt
o Railway (electric) by Werner Siemens
o Razor safety by Gillette
o Razor (electric) by Jacob Schick
o Refrigerator by Ferdinand Carre
o Revolver by Samuel Solt
o Rifle by August Kotter
o Rifle (automatic) by John Moses Browning
o Rocket Engine by Goddard
o Safety pin by Walter Hunt
o Sewing Machine by Elias Howe and Thomas Saint
o Stainless steel by Herry Brearley
o Stream boat by Abbans
o Submarine by Holland
o Tank military by Swinton
o Telephone by Graham Bell
o Radio by Marconi
o Telescope (reflecting) by Galileo
o Telescope (refracting) by Newton

o Television (mechanical) by J.L. Baird
o Television (electric) by Fransworth
o Thermometer by Galilo
o Termomter (mercury) by Farhenheit
o Tractor by Robert Keeley
o Transformer by William Stanley
o Transistor by William Shockley
o Type writer by Henry Mill
o Washing machine (electric) by Alva Fisher
o Washing machine (manual) by Hamilton E. Smith
o Welding (electric) by E. Thomson
o Zipper (meshed tooth) by Gideon Sundback
o Celcius devised Centrigrade scale
o Bacteria were discovered by Louis Pasture.
o Ramsay discovered inert gas.
o Proton was discovered by Goldstein
o Who is credited with the development of polio vaccine? Jonas Salk
o Christopher Cockerel invented what: Hovercraft
o The electric chair was invented by a dentist
o Bardeen and Brattin discovered Semiconductor
o What was invented by James Dewer in 1872: Vacuum or thermos flask
o Atom Bomb (Uranium Fission) was invented by Otto Hahn in 1941.
o Electron was discovered in 1897.
o Oxygen was discovered in 1774.
o Tomas A Edison was American.
o X-rays and Cosmic rays were discovered by Arthur Compton.
o Printing press was invented by Johann Gutenberg.
o Gramophone was invented by Emile Berliner.
o Blood pressure was discovered by William Harvey.
o Magnifying glass was invented by Roger Bacon.
o Insulin was discovered by Banting.
o Michael Faraday invented Electric Motor in belonged to England.
o ECG invented by Einthogen.
o Columbus Day is observed on 2nd Monday in October.
o In 1774 Oxygen was discovered by Priestly.
o In 1589 William Lee invented knitting machine.
o More than 2000 years ago a Roman Ruler Julius Caesar invented the calendar that we use today.
o Lipstick was first introduced in 1915 in America.
o Zippers were introduced in 1890.
o China was discovered by Marco Polo.
o Sea route from Europe to India was discovered by Vasco-de-Gama.
o Canada was discovered by Jacques Cartier.
o Australia was discovered by William Jon zoon.
o Parachute was invented by L.S Lenormand in 1783.
o Box Camera was invented by G.Eastman in 1988.
o Electric Generator was invented by Hippolyte Pixil in the year 1832. He belonged to France.
o In 1907 Electric Washing Machine was invented by an American named A.J 1916.
o Motorcycle was invented by Gottlieb Daimler in 1885, he belonged to Germany.
o First person to reach North Pole was Robert E.Peray.
o Dynamo was invented by Faraday in the year of 1831.
o On 14th Dec 1911 South Pole was discovered by Armunden.
o America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492, he belonged to Italy.
o Sea route to India was discovered by Vasco da Gama in 1498, he belonged to Protugese.
o Sandwich Island (now called Hawaiian Island) was discovered by Captain cook in 1770, he belonged
to English.
o Suez Canal was designed by French Engineer Ferdiand de Lesseps in 1869.
o Solar System was discovered by Copernicus in 1540, he belonged to Poland.
o Planery motion was discovered by Kepler in 1600, he belonged to Germany.
o Artificial radioactivity was discovered by Madam Joliet and Irene Curie in 1934.
o Atomic number were discovered by Mosley in 1913.
o Atomic theory was given by Dalton in 1803.
o Who invented wax paper- Thomas Edison
o Atomic Structure was studied by Bohr and Rutherford in 1913.
o Circumference of the earth was calculated by Jean Picard.
o Current Electricity was invented by Volta in 1800, he belonged to Italy.
o Cause of yellow fever was discovered by Reed in 1900.
o Discovery of Oxygen was made by J.Priestly in 1774.
o Deuterium (Heavy Hydrogen) was discovered by H.C Urey in 1932.
o Discovery of Electron was made by J.J Thomson in 1897.
o Dynamite was made my Alfred Noble, he belonged to Sweden.
o Fundamental laws of electrical attraction was made by Coulomb.

o Hydrogen was discovered by Cavendish in 1766.
o Induction of electric current was discovered by Michaed Farraday in 1841.
o Incandescent bulb was made by Edison in 1860.
o Intelligence tests were made by Binet in 1905.
o Laughing gas (Nitrous oxide) was discovered by Priestly.:
o Chromosomes were discovered by Hofmeister.
o Otto Hahm invented A.Bomb.
o Wright Brothers invented Aeroplane.
o W. Shockley discovered transistor.
o Christian Barnard was pioneer in heart transplantation.
o William Harvey discovered Circulation of blood.
o Ramsay discovered inert gas.
o Aristotle was the first to classify animals into groups.
o Theophrastus is regarded as the father of botany.
o Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavandish.
o Proton was discovered by Goldstein.
o Thomson discovered electron.
o Commercial cork is obtained from Quercus.
o Bacteria were discovered by Louis Pasture.
o In 1803, the English Scientist John Dalton described the atom as the smallest unit of an element.
o In 1897 J.J Thomson discovered electron, negative charges.
o In 1911 Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealander living in Britain, carried out experiment with atomic
particles.
o Scientist use enormous machine called particle accelerator to discover and find out about subatomic
particles.
o Ernest Rutherford in 1908, with the equipment discovered the atomic nucleus.
o Hans Geiger (1882-1945) invented the Geiger counter used to measure radioactivity.
o The scientist who designed the first internal combustion engine used to burn low grade fuel.
o Francois Isaac de Rivaz
o The scientist who discovered water: Antoine Lavoisier (Chk)
o Nitric acid__ acid was discovered by Jabbar bin Hayyan.(HCL was also discovered by him)
o What calculating aid was invented by William Oughtred in 1662: Slide Rule
o What was invented by James Dewer in 1872: Vacuum or thermos flask
o Fredrick Sanger discovered which medical life saver: Insulin
o Who invented Scissors-Leonardo Da Vinci
o In 1902 What did Mary Anderson invent-Windscreen Wipers
o The technique to produce the first test tube baby was evolved by Patrick Stepote and Robert Edwards
o Sumiton invented Tank.
o The very first electric light was invented in Scotland in 1835 by James Lindsay.
o The molecular theory of matter was experimentally testified by Robert Brown.
o The theory of inheritance of acquired characters was propounded by J.B. Lamarck
o What was invented by Dr Edward Land in 1947: Polaroid
o Dr. James Watson discovered the structure of DNA in 1953.
o Structure of DNA was given by Watson and Crick.
o Air conditioner invented by "willis H. carrier"U.S. in 1902.
o Camera (photographic) has been invented by "Joseph N. Niepce"France in 1822.
o The scientist who designed the first internal combustion engine used to burn low grade fuel. Etienne
Lenoir
PIONEERS IN SCIENCE
o Anderson—Discovered positive electrons.
o Archimedes—Discovery of the Principles of lever and of specific gravity; invention of the famous
Archimedean screw.
o Avogadro—an Italian scientist known for Avogadro’s Hypothesis.
o Bacquerel—Radio-activity of uranium.
o Baird—Television.
o Baron Napier—Logarithms.
o Benjamin Franklin—invented lightning conductor.
o Bessemer—Steel smelting process.
o Bhabha, Dr H.J.—Research in Cosmic rays and Quantum theory.
o Binet—Intelligence Test.
o Birbal Sahni—Researches in Botany.
o Bose, J.C.—Invented Crescograph and published many works on plant physiology. He discovered
that plants have sense and perception.
o Bose, S.N.—Discovery of a group of nuclear particles named after him “Boson”.
o Boyle—Boyle’s law; Pressure x volume = constant at a constant given temperature. Boyle was the
greatest scientist of England in his time.
o Bohr—Electron Theory—Atomic structure.
o Braun, Dr Wernher von—space flying.
o Bunsen—Invention of the spectroscope.

o Carothers—Nylon plastics.
o Cavendish—Discovery of chemical composition of water; discovery of hydrogen (Inflammable Air);
‘rare gases’.
o Chadwick—Discovery of the neutron.
o Chandrasekhar—Mathematical Astrophysics.
o Charles Darwin—Theory of Evolution; Origin of Species.
o Clarke, Arthur C.—Concept of Geostationary Orbit.
o Curie, Madame—Discovery of radium.
o Dalton—Atomic theory; laws of chemical combination; law of partial pressures; the law of multiple
proportions.
o Democritus—Greek philosopher—(Atomic theory).
o Dewar—Invented cordite, liquid oxygen and introduced thermos flask.
o Einstein—Theory of relativity.
o Euclid—Science of geometry.
o Fahrenheit—Fahrenheit mercury thermometric scale in which freezing point is –32° and boiling point
is 212°.
o Faraday—Electromagnetic induction and laws of electrolysis.
o Fermi discovered artificial splitting of atoms.
o Freud Doctrine of Psycho-analysis.
o Gay Lussac Law of gases.
o Gauss—System of absolute electric measurements.
o Good Year discovered the art of vulcanising rubber.
o Herschel, William Discovered the Planet—Uranus.
o Hertz Electrical waves.
o Hippalus Founder of scientific astronomy.
o Hoffmann—discovered the first aniline dye.
o Kelvin, Lord—Dynamical theory of heat.
o Khorana, Dr Hargobind—deciphering the genetic code.
o Kodak—Film and photographic goods.
o Lablanc—Manufacture of washing soda.
o Lawrence—Invention of cyclotron.
o Lockyer—Helium gas.
o Louis Braille—perfected his system of reading and writing for the blind.
o Marconi—Wireless telegraphy; radio.
o Maria-Montessori—‘Montessori’ method of teaching children.
o Maxwell—Electro-magnetic Theory of Light.
o Meghnad Saha—Effect of pressure on Radiation through bodies.
o Mendel—Laws of heredity.
o Mandeleev—Periodic Table.
o Morse—Morse system of electric telegraphy.
o Newton—Laws of gravitation; Law of Motion.
o Nobel—Dynamite.
o Oliver Lodge—Physicist. Researches in wireless communications.
o Oppenheimer—Researches in atomic theory.
o Otto Hahn—Discovery of uranium fission.
o Parkes—Celluloid.
o Parsons—Steam turbine.
o Pavlov—Theory of Conditioned Reflex.
o Perkin—‘Mauve dye’.
o Pitman—Founded the Pitman system of phonographic shorthand.
o Planck—Quantum theory.
o Plimsoll—introduced a line of demarcation on the ships beyond which the ships cannot be loaded.
o Priestley—Discovery of Oxygen.
o Raman, C.V.—“Raman Effect” on polarization of light and theories on crystals and diamond
formation.
o Ramanathan—Molecular scattering of light in fluids.
o Ramanujam—A great Indian mathematician.
o Ramsay—Discovery of Inert gases such as Argon, Neon, and Helium etc.
o Ray, P.C.—Researches in chemistry.
o Regnault—Experiments in regard to the physical properties of bodies and their relation to heat.
o Roger Bacon—Gun powder.
o Rontgen—Discovery of X-rays.
o Rohmkorff—Induction coil.
o Rutherford—Atomic Research; succeeded in splitting the atom for the first time in 1918.
o Shalimar—Paints.
o Stephenson—British engineer and pioneer in Railways. He was the first to put a locomotive on the
line that was able to draw a train of 31 carriages.
o Thomson, J.J.—Discovered electron.
o Travers—Discovery of Neon gas (Working with Ramsay).
o Urey—Discovery of Heavy Hydrogen.
o Volta—Current electricity and electric battery.

o Pioneers in Mechanical Inventions and Discoveries
o Austin—Motor Car.
o Bell, Graham—Telephone.
o Berliner—Microphone.
o Brequet—Helicopter.
o Bushwell—Submarine.
o Caxton—Printing Press.
o Colt—Revolver.
o Daimler—Gas engine.
o Davy—Miner’s Safety Lamp.
o Diesel—Internal Combustion engine (Diesel engine).
o Dunlop—Pneumatic tyre.
o Edison—First electric bulb and gramophone.
o Faraday—Dynamo.
o Fick—Law of Diffusion—Fick’s Law.
o Frank Whittle—Jet propulsion.
o Fulton—Stream boat.
o Galileo—Telescope.
o Gillette—Safety razor.
o Guttenburg—Art of Printing.
o Hoe—Rotary Printing Press.
o Howe—Sewing Machine.
o Huygens—Pendulum clock.
o James Watt—Steam engine (patented in 1769).
o Landstrom, J.E.—Safety Matches.
o Macmillan—Bicycle (1842).
o Mauser—Magazine of rifle.
o Mercator—Celestial and a terrestrial globe.
o Montgolfier—Balloon (1883)
o Pascal—Calculating Machine.
o Puckle, James—Machine gun
o Shockley—Transistor.
o Sholes—Typewriter.
o Stephenson—Railway engine.
o Swinton—Military tank.
o Torricelli—Barometer.
o Watt, Robert Watson—Radar.
o W. & O. Wright (Wright Brothers)—Aero plane (1903).
o Waterman—Fountain pen.
o Zeiss—Lenses; Camera.
o Pioneers in
o Medical Inventions and Discoveries
o Banting—Insulin (as a palliative for diabetes).
o Barnard, Christian—replacing the human heart.
o Brahmchari, U.M.—Cure of Kala-a-zar fever.
o Davy—Isolation of metals by electricity; studied properties of chlorine.
o Domagk—Sulpha drugs as bactericides.
o Eijkman—Cause of Beri-Beri.
o Finsen—Discovered curative effect of ultra violet rays; photography.
o Fleming, Alexander—Penicillin (in 1929).
o Harvey—Circulation of blood.
o Hahnemann—Homoeopathy (founder).
o Hopkins, Frederick Gowland—Vitamin D.
o Jenner—Smallpox Vaccination.
o Koch—Tubercle Bacillus.
o Lainnec—Stethoscope.
o Lister, Lord—Antiseptic treatment.
o Pasteur, Louis—Treatment of rabies; cure of hydrophobia.
o Ronald Ross—Malaria Parasite.
o Salk, Jonas E.—Anti-polio Vaccine.
o Simpson and Harrison—Chloroform.
o Waksman—Streptomycin.

SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
o Hydrometer measures humidity
o Barometer measures atmospheric pressure
o Purity of milk is measured by lactometer
o Fathometer measures the depth of oceans.
o Sextant is used for measuring altitude of Sun and other heavenly bodies
o Chronometer records accurate time on ships
o Algesimeter indicates the degree of sensitiveness of skin
o Altimeter measures altitudes
o Ammeter measures current
o Anemometer records velocity of wind
o Cyamometer measures blueness of sky or ocean
o Dasymeter measures density of gas
o Galvanometer measures small electric current
o Hydrometer measures relative density of liquids
o Hygrometer measures humidity in atmosphere
o Hypsometer measures atmospheric pressure to ascertain elevations by determining boiling point of
liquid. Or Hypsometer is an instrument for measuring the height above sea level.
o Manometer measures pressure of gases
o Micrometer measures minute distances
o Periscope is used for viewing objects above eye level
o Cyclotron is used for electromagnetic acceleration of charged atoms
o Geiger counter is used for detecting and recording radioactivity. It was invented by Hans Geiger
(1882-1945)
o Pyrometer measures high temperatures
o Refrectometer measures refractive index of a substance
o Seismograph measures intensity of earthquake
o Telstar transmits wireless or T.V broadcast
o Viscometer measures viscosity of liquids
o Spiro graph records the movement of lungs
o Photometer measures rate of transpiration
o Scotograph is used for enbling blind to write
o Eratosthenes measures distance round the earth
o Kaldio-scopes have proved helpful in finding the amount of dampness in soil
o Mohr’s scale measures degree of hardness of minerals
o RBC and WBC is bloods are counted by Hemocytometer.
o Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure.
o Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light.
o The variation in the blood flow can be heard with an instrument called _ stethoscope _
o What is measured by an interferometer-Wavelength of light
o Hydrophone is used for measuring sound under water.
o Magnometer is an instrument designed to compare the magnetic movement and field.
o Potometer is used to measure the rate of respiration in animal and plants.
o For measuring solar radiation we use pyrheliometer.
o Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun.
o Ammeter is use for measuring current strength.
o Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure.
o Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light.
o The measurement of rainfall is made by an instrument known as rain gauge
o What is measured with an ombrometer-Rainfall
o The instrument used to measure very high temperature: Infrared pyrometers
o Mechanical energy into electrical energy: Generator
o Heat energy into mechanical energy: Heat engine or steam engine.
o Electrical energy into mechanical energy: Electrical Motor
o Electrical energy into sound energy: Loudspeaker
o Sound energy into electrical energy: Microphone
o The device used to measure radioactivity: Geiger-Muller tube
o The device which converts the chemical energy into electrical energy: Battery
o The device used to measure radioactivity. Geiger counter
o Hygrometer is instrument used for measuring humidity of air.
o Heliscope is used for viewing the sun.
o What does a potometer measure- Water intake
o Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun.
o Ammeter is use for measuring current strength
o What does a drosomoter measure: Dew
o Relative density of an atmosphere is measured by hygrometer.
o Spirograph is an apparatus used for recording the movement of the lungs.

o The maximum limit of sound beyond which a person can become deaf is 129 lbs.
o Charles K Rhodes developed an X-Ray emitting laser in 1990.
o Son meter is an instrument used to study the behavior of vibrating string.
o The instrument used for measuring the velocity of wind is known as anemometer.
o Altimeter: an apparatus used in aircraft for measuring altitudes.
o Ammeter: is used for to measure intensity of sound.
o Anemometer: is an instrument for measuring the force and velocity of wind.
o Audiometer: an instrument to measure intensity of sound.
o Audiophone: is an instrument required for improving imperfect sense of hearing.
o Barograph: for continuous recording of atmospheric pressure.
o Barometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the atmospheric pressure.
o Binoculars: is an instrument used for seeing distant objects, the rays of light are twice reflected by
means of right-angled prisms.
o Callipers: a compass with legs for measuring the inside or outside diameter of bodies.
o Calorimeter: an instrument used for measuring quantities of heat.
o Carburettor: is an apparatus for charging air with petrol vapours in an internal combustion engine.
o Cardiogram: a medical instrument used for tracing the movements of the heart.
o Cardiograph: is a medical instrument for tracing heart movements.
o Chronometer: is an instrument kept on board the ships for measuring accurate time.
o Cinematograph: It consists of a series of lenses arranged to throw on a screen an enlarged image of
photographs. The lens system which forms the image on the screen is termed the focusing lens.
o Commutator: split ring which forms the main part of a D.C. Dynamo.
o Compass needle: for knowing approximately the North-South direction at a place.
o Crescograph: is an instrument for use in recording growth of plants; invented by J.C. Bose.
o Dip Circle: It is an instrument used to determine the angle between the direction of the resultant
intensity of earth’s field and the horizontal component at a place. This particular angle is known as
the dip of that place.
o Drinker’s apparatus: to help breathing in infantile paralysis.
o Dynamo: The origin of electricity in a Dynamo is the transformation of mechanical energy into
electrical energy. It depends on the principle of electro-magnetic induction whereby a current is
produced on traversing a magnetic field.
o Electroencephalograph (EEG): It is the technique of recording and interpreting the electrical activity
of the brain. Records of the electrical activity of the brain, commonly known as “brain waves”, are
called electroencephalograms or electroencephalographs. EEG is the common abbreviation for both
the technique and the records.
o Epidiascope: for projecting films as well as images of opaque articles on a screen.
o Eudiometer: It is a glass tube for measuring volume changes in chemical reactions between gases.
o Fathometer: is an instrument used for measuring depth of the ocean.
o Galvanometer: an instrument for measuring currents of small magnitude.
o G.M. Counter (Geiger Muller Counter): This special device is used for detecting the presence of
radiation and counting certain atomic particles.
o Gramophone: an instrument with which we can reproduce the sound recorded by a suitable recording
apparatus. It is fitted with a special type of apparatus known as sound box invented by Berliner.
o Gravimeter: is an instrument for recording measurement under water and to determine the presence of
oil deposits under water.
o Gyroscope: is an instrument used to illustrate dynamics of rotating bodies. It is a type of spinning
wheel fixed to the axle.
o Hydrometer: is an instrument used for measuring the specific gravity of liquids.
o Hydrophone: is an instrument used for recording sound under water.
o Hygrometer: is an instrument used for measuring humidity in air.
o Kymograph: is an instrument used to record graphically various physiological movements i.e., blood
pressure, heart beating, study of lungs etc. in living beings.
o Lactometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the purity of milk.
o Manometer: for determining the pressure of a gas.
o Mariner’s Compass: is an apparatus which is used to guide the sailors. The needle always points
north-south.
o Micrometer: is an instrument used for converting sound i.e., fraction of the lowest division of a given
scale.
o Microphone: is an instrument used for converting sound waves into electrical vibrations.
o Microscope: is an instrument which is used for magnifying minute objects by a lens system.
o Microtome: is used for cutting an object into thin parts for microscopic inspection.
o Odometer: is an instrument by virtue of which the distance covered by wheeled vehicles is recorded.
o Periscope: It is usually used by the crew of a submarine to survey the ships etc, on the surface of the
sea while the submarine is under water. It also enables the sailors to observe objects on the other side
of an obstacle without exposing themselves.
o Phonograph: is an instrument used for reproducing sound.
o Photometer: is an apparatus used to compare the illuminating power of two sources of light.
o Pipette: It is a glass tube with the aid of which a definite volume of liquid may be transferred.
o Potentiometer: is used for comparing the e.m.f.s, of cells, measurements of the thermal e.m.f.s, large
potential differences and currents. It is also used for measuring low resistances.
o Psychrometer: is an instrument for measurement of the humidity of the atmosphere.

o Pyrometer: is an instrument for recording high temperatures from a great distance (i.e., for recording
temperature of the sun etc.) by making use of the laws of radiation.
o Radar: Radio, Angle, Detection and Range is used to detect the direction and range of an approaching
aeroplane by means of radio microwaves.
o Rain Gauge: is an apparatus for recording of rainfall at a particular place.
o Radiometer: is an instrument for measuring the emission of radiant energy.
o Refractometer: is an instrument to measure refractive indices.
o Saccharimeter: is an instrument for determining the amount of sugar in a solution. It is used in
breweries.
o Seismometer or Seismograph: is an instrument used for recording earthquake shocks.
o Sextant: is an instrument invented by John Hadley used for measuring the altitude of the sun and of
other inaccessible heavenly bodies.
o Spectrometer: (1) It is a type of spectroscope suitable for the precise measurements of refractive
indices. (2) An instrument for measuring the energy distribution of a particular type of radiation.
o Speedometer: is an instrument which indicates speed at which a vehicle is moving.
o Spherometer: is an instrument for measuring curvature of surfaces.
o Sphygmomanometer: an instrument used for measuring arterial blood-pressure.
o Sphygmophone: an instrument, with the help of which a pulse beat makes a sound.
o Sphygmoscope: an instrument, by virtue of which, arterial pulsations become visible.
o Stereoscope: It is a special type of binocular, through which a double photograph snapped from two
different angles by a two-lensed camera is viewed in solid relief.
o Stethoscope: is an instrument to hear and analyse movements of heart and lungs.
o Stop watch: for recording small intervals of time in the laboratory, in races and other events.
o Stroboscope: is an instrument for viewing objects moving rapidly with a periodic motion and to see
them as if they were at rest.
o Tachometer: is an instrument for determining speeds of aeroplanes and motor boats.
o Telephone: a device by virtue of which two persons at two different places can communicate. It
consists of two main parts (i) a microphone and (ii) a receiver.
o Teleprinter: an instrument which prints automatically messages sent from one place to another, on
telegraph lines.
o Telescope: is an apparatus used for observing distant objects.
o Theodolite: is an instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles.
o Thermocouple: an instrument based on thermo-electricity used for measuring temperatures.
o Thermometer: is an apparatus used for measuring temperature.
o Thermostat: It is an instrument used to regulate the temperature to a particular degree.
o Viscometer: is an instrument to measure viscosity.
COMPUTER SCIENCE
o Half byte = 1nibble = 4 bits
o Bit means Binary Digit
o 1 byte = 8 bits
o 1 megabyte = 1048576 bytes
o 1 kilo byte = 1024 bytes
o A combination of 16 bits are called word.
o A terabyte = 1 trillion bytes
o Our PC belongs to 4th generation
o Fred Cohen coined the word computer virus
o First computer virus was created in 1970 at Bell laboratories
o WORM means Write Once Read Many
o Power of a super computer is measured in FLOPS (Floating Point Operations per Second)
o WWW/http: (hypertext transfer protocol) was created by Tim Burner Lee in 1992
o Intel means Integrated Electronics
o 1 worksheet contains 256 columns
o G.W.Basic G.W stands for Gate Way
o Super Computer was created by J.H.Van Tassel
o CORBA is Common Object Request Broker Architecture
o URL is Uniform or Universal Resource Locator
o Intel invented RAM chip
o Information stored on disk as series of bumps on its shiny side.
o DVDs hold more information than CDs. They use smaller bumps and have two reflective layers
o Recordable CDs do not have bumps. There are patches of color on disk to change the reflected laser
light
o In 1951 Univac – 1, the world’s first commercial computer was designed by John Mauchly and J.
Presper Eckert. They built ENIAC, the first electronic computer in 1946
o In 1968 mainframe was built.
o In 1976 first supercomputer the Cray-1 was developed
o In 1981 IBM produce the IBM PC.
o In 1998 IBM made quantum computer

o Super computers uses parallel processing
o In 1974, computer games were introduced.
o PROM is the abbreviation of programmable read only memory
o What was the world’s first high level programming language 1957: IBM FORTRAN
o A JPEG is a picture file format - what does JPEG stand for: Joint Photographic Experts Group
o During World War II, IBM built the computers the Nazis used to manage their death/concentration
camps
o Registers are temporary storage areas within the CPU.
o First apple computer was built in garage.
o The language of small talk is object oriented.
o Shell is an operating environment.
o Virtual memory is also known as virtual page.
o NOS refer to operating systems for a network.
o In EBCDIC each character is denoted by 8 bits.
o Diodes are used in analog computer circuits as limiter.
o Wetware stands for any organic intelligence.
o GIGO stands for garbage in garbage out.
o Application of flip-flap are counters, shift register and transfer register.
o Bootstrap is associated with computer.
o FORTRAN stands for formula translator.
o A group of character that is termed as a single entity is called word.
o Clip art is a computer prepared art.
o Mark sensing is another term for OMR.
o Authorization to make multiple software copies is called site licensing.
o Antivirus is also known as vaccines.
o Free software is also known as public domain software.
o In computer DFD stands for Data Flow Diagram.
o Cyber Space is called to Virtual world of the computer.
o What does the sun in SUN Microsystems stand for Stanford University Network
o What does Intel stand for- Integrated Electronics
o All PCs have a BIOS what does bios stand for-Basic Input Output System
o What is the common name for an integrated circuit A Chip
o In WWW terms what does i.e. mean on a domain name-Ireland
o What company introduced the first commercial minicomputer 65 DEC
o Name the first web browser publicly available NCSA Mosaic
o The world’s most powerful super computer is called ASCI white.
o World Wide Web was invented in 1993 by Tim Bareness Lee.
o The B-programming language was developed by Ken Thompson.
o The 1st commercially produced and sold computer (1951) was UNIVAC.
o The transformation from heavy computers to PCs was made possible using microprocessors.
o The first microprocessor was developed in 1971 by Intel.
o A Pentium 4 (P-4) employs roughly 40 million transistors.
o Mark-1, Apple-1, and colossus were initial desktop computers.
o Binary digits are briefed as bit.
o A collection of bits is called byte.
o The first home computer (1977), which was sold in millions of units was Apple II.
o ‘PARAM’ is a supercomputer.
o Father of the Computer Charles Babbage
o What does CMOS stand for in a computer- Complementary metal Oxide semi-conductor
WORLD PARLIAMENTS
o Parliament of Afghanistan is Loya Jirga.
o Parliament of Australia is Federal Parliament.
o Parliament of Bangladesh is Jatiya Saugsad.
o Parliament of Canada is Parliament.
o Parliament of China is National people’s congress.
o Parliament of Denmark is Folketing.
o Parliament of Egypt is People’s Assembly.
o Parliament of France is Parliament.
o Parliament of Germany is Baundesrat.
o Parliament of Greece is Parliment.
o Parliament of India is Parliment.
o Parliament of Iran is Majlis-e-Shoura-e-Islam.
o Parliament of Iraq is National Assembly.
o Parliament of Japan is Diet.
o Parliament of Morocco is Majlis al Nuwab.
o Parliament of Oman is Consultative Assembly.
o Parliament of Qatar is Advisory Council.
o Parliament of Russia is Duma.

o Parliament of Norway is the Storting.
o Parliament of Sweden is Riksdag.
o Oldest parliament in the world--- Althing (Iceland)
SPORTS
o What has 32 panels and 642 stitches-A football (soccer)
o First British open squash championship played in 1922.
o First world squash championship 1976.
o Jhangir khan has won world open 6 times.
o Wimbledon open tennis was instituted in 1877.
o A winner of four competitions (Wimbledon, French open, us open, and Australia open) is called
Grand Slam.
o Most Wimbledon single (Men) title are won by Pete Sampras (USA).
o Most Wimbledon single (woman) title won by Martina Navratilova (USA).
o Common Wealth game are held every 4 years, they were started in 1931.
o First Asia games were played at New Delhi in 1951.
o 15th Asian Games will be held in Qatar in 2006.
o Current World cup holder of hockey is Netherlands.
o FIFA established in Paris on May 21, 1904.
o Grand slam is the title associated with Pete Sampras.
o Michael Chang (USA) is the youngest to win the title of grand slam.
o Shahid Afridi has made century on 37 balls.
o The title “Oval Hero” is with Fazal Muhammad.
o The sports man Kasparvo is associated with Chess.
o Modern summer Olympic were held in Greece in 1896.
o Olympic held every 4 years.
o Hockey became Olympic event in 1908. Pakistan took part in 1948 in London.
o 1st world cup hockey 1971 at Barcelona (Spain).
o Hockey world cup held every 4 year.
o First world cup cricket 1975, won by West Indies.
o India won world cup cricket in 1983 by beating West Indies.
o 10 countries have test status.
o First test mach was played in 1877 between Australia and England.
o First One day match between Australia and England in Jan 5, 1971.
o First word cup football 1930, Uruguay, and won by Uruguay.
o 1942 world cup football cup did not hold due to Second World War.
o Nigeria is current Olympic footfall champion.
o Geoff hunt is associated with Squash.
o South Africa was expelled from ICC in 1970 because of its apartheid policies.
o Current heavy weight championship is with L. Lewis.
o In cricket batsman can be out by 10 ways.
o Peter Marshal is associated with Squash.
o Pakistan had won 4 title of world cup hockey so far.
o First three work cup crickets were played with 60 over.
o Rocky Morciono only heavy weight boxer remained unbeaten throughout his career.
o Lowest test match inning is 26 by New Zealand.
o Highest no of one-days are played at Sharjah Cricket Ground.
o The champion trophy hockey tournament was introduced by Pakistan in year 1978.
o Davis cup is for tennis.
o Thomas cup badminton is for men only.
o Uber cup is for badminton.
o Each team in volleyball consists of 6 players.
o Antoly Karpov, the world chess player belongs to Russia.
o Modern Olympic Games were first held in Athens.
o ICC has 10 members and it was founded in 1965.
o Lowest total in cricket is 36 by Canada.
o Tennis player steffi graf belongs to Germany.
o Natwest trophy is for cricket.
o The Swythiling cup is related to Table Tennis.
o Morocco cup is for cricket.
o First modern Olympic games were held in 1896 in Athens.
o First women competed in Olympic games in 1912.
o France and which country contested first ever world cup match Mexico
o The number of countries which participated in the first Olympic Games held at Athens was Nine
o Who owns The Oval cricket ground- Prince Charles
o Who among the following batsmen achieved the feat of hitting six 6s in one over for the first time in
international cricket during the World Cup 2007 Herschelle Gibbs
o Where were the first winter Olympics held in 1924 -Charmonix France
o FINA is the governing body of what amateur sport-Swimming

o FITA are the governing body of what sport-Archery
o A Lady Paramount judges at what sport- Archery
o First cricket cup was played in England in 1974.
o First Asian Games were held in New Delhi in 1951. From 1954 they were held every four years.
o Baron Pierre de Coubertin was founder of the modern Olympic Games.
o Bunting is a term in the game of Baseball.
o Grand Master is a term in Chess.
o Grand Slam is a term in sports associated with Bridge as well as Lawn Tennis.
o Martina Hinges is the youngest woman tennis player to win three major singles titles in one season.
o Iron- a sports term is associated with Golf.
o McDowell Cup is associated with football.
o Olympic Games were held twice in Paris and London.
o Paralympics are the games for disabled.
o Uber cup is associated with Badminton.
o Yankee Stadium is associated with Boxing.
o World’s oldest sports daily is Gazetta dello Sport of Italy.
o Val Barker Cup is awarded in the Olympic Games in Boxing.
o The Paralympics Games 2008 were held in Beijing.
o Asafa Powell is 100 m sprinter.
o The term “Stalemate” is related to the game of Chess.
o With which sport is the term ‘butterfly’ associated? Swimming
o Next Football world Cup in 2010 is in.....South Africa
o How many rings on the Olympic flag: Five
o Who ran the first marathon: Phidipedes
o What colour is the cap given to an England cricket player-Blue
o What held up a Cricket test Match between England Pakistan-Mouse on pitch
o What is the first race in the Grand Prix season-Brazilian
o By Olympic rules what must have 14 feathers Badminton Bird
o How is the Olympic torch lit- By the sun in Greece
o Martina Navratilova belongs to Czech Republic.
o Tour De France is French cycle race.
o National game of Switzerland is skiing.
o In Tennis where is the Australian Open played-Flinders Park
o What Olympic event was dropped in 1920-Tug of War -1900 to 1920
o FIDE govern what game -Chess.
o Footballer Zaidane originally belongs to which country? Algeria
ABBREVIATIONS
Some important:
o VDU = video display unit
o CRT = cathode ray tube
o CRO Cathode Ray Oscillator
o SARS Severe Accute respitoratry syndrome
o BOT Built operate transfer
o AMU Atomic mass unit
o EMF Electromotive Force or Electromagnetic Field (Most apt is Electromotive Force)
o ADH Anti diuretic harmome
o STP Standard Temperature and Pressure
o NPT Network time protocol
o CRT Cathode ray tube
o SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
o BOT Built Operate transfer
o AMU Atomic Mass Unit
o EMF Electromotive force
o ADH Anti Diuretic Hormone
o STP Standard Temperature Pressure
o GeV Giga Electron Volt
o NTP Normal Temperature Pressure
o CRT Cathode Ray Tube
o The ore of mercury metal.--cyanabar
o SARS : severe acute respiratory syndrome
o NTP : network time protocol
o RQ : respiratory quotient
o PVC : polyvinyl chloride
o NPN : negative positive negative
o WAN : wide area network
o ECG: electro cardio gram
o CPU: central processing unit

o BCG : bacillus of calmette –Guerin
o STP standard temperature and pressure/ Shielded Twisted Pair
o ATP Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
o PNP proton – neutron – proton
o [Positive-Negative-Positive (transistor) ]
o LAN local area network
o KWh kilo watt hour
o BTU British Thermal Unit
o LDL Low-density lipoprotein
o [commonly referred to as bad cholesterol]
o ROM Read only memory
o MAF million acre feet
o SONAR Sound Navigation and Ranging
o LCD=LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
o HDL= HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE/High-Density Lipoprotein
o UHF= ULTRA- HIGH FREQUENCY
o LED= LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
o BASIC= BEGGINER'S ALL PURPOSE SYMBOLIC INSTRUCTION CODE
o HST = HIGH SPEED TECHONOLGY
o DBS=DATA BASE SERVER
o V.L.C.C stands for Very large crude carrier.
o VTOL = vertical take off and landing
o SETI = Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence = a project to find Aliens
o Fax is the short form of Facsimile which means identical copy
o SETI => Search for Extraterrestrial intelligence.
o On the PH scale what does PH stand for-Potential Hydrogen
o ABM: Anti-Ballistic Missiles
A
o ABVP: Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
o AC: Alternating Current; Ashoka Chakra
o ACU: Asian Currency Union
o AD: anno Domini; in the year of Lord Christ
o ADB: Asian Development Bank
o ADC: Aide-de-Camp; Access Deficit Charge
o ADF: Asian Development Fund
o ADS: Air Defence Ship
o AJT: Advanced Jet Trainer
o AG: Accountant General; Adjutant General
o AI: Air India
o AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
o AIIMS: All India Institute of Medical Sciences
o AIR: All India Radio; Annual Information Report
o AITUC: All India Trade Union Congress
o AJT: Advanced Jet Trainer
o ALH: Advanced Light Helicopter
o AM: ante meridiem; before noon
o AMC: Army Medical Corps; Asset Management Companies
o AME: Associate Member of the Institute of Engineers
o APC: Agricultural Prices Commission
o APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
o APPLE: Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment
o APPU: Asian Pacific Postal Union
o ARC: Asset Reconstruction Company
o ARDR: Agricultural and Rural Debt Relief
o ASAT: Anti-Satellite weapon
o ASC: Army Service Corps
o ASCI: Advanced Strategic Computing Initiative
o ASCII: American Standard Code for Information
o ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations
o ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting
o ASIMO: Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility
o ASLV: Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
o ASMA: Antarctica Specially Managed Area
o ASSOCHAM: Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry
o ATA: Air Time Authority; Allen Telescope Array
o ATC: Air Traffic Controller
o ATM: Automatic Teller Machine
o ATR: Action Taken Report
o ATV: Automatic Transfer Vehicle
o AUM: Assets Under Management
o AVC: Army Veterinary Corps

o AVM: Additional Volatility Margin
o AWACS: Airborne Warning and Control System
B
o BARC: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
o BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation
o BC: Before Christ; Board of Control; British Columbia; Battery Commander
o BCG: Bacillus Calmette Guerin—Anti-Tuberculosis Vaccine
o BICP: Bureau of Industrial Costs and Prices
o BIFR: Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction
o BIOS: Basic Input Output System
o BKU: Bharatiya Kisan Union
o BMD: Ballistic Missile Defence System
o BOLT: BSE On-Line Trading (System)
o BOSS: Bharat Operating System Solutions
o BPO: Business Process Outsourcing
o BPR: Bottom Pressure Records
o BRO: Border Road Organisation
o BSE: Bombay Stock Exchange
o BSF: Border Security Force
o BSNL: Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd
C
o CA: Chartered Accountant
o CABE: Central Advisory Board of Education
o C & AG: Comptroller & Auditor General
o CAIR: Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
o CAPART: Council for People’s Action and Advancement of Rural Technology
o CAPES: Computer-Aided Paperless Examination System
o CAS: Chief of Army Staff; Chief of Air Staff; Conditional Access System
o CB: Citizen Band (Radio)
o CBI: Central Bureau of Investigation
o CBFC: Central Board of Film Certification
o CCPA: Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs
o CD: Conference on Disarmament
o C-DAC: The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
o CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access
o CECA: Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement
o CERN: European Organisation for Nuclear Research (Pronounced CERN in French)
o CFC: Chlorofluro Carbon
o CFS: Container Freight Station
o CHOGM: Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
o CIA: Central Intelligence Agency (of U.S.A.)
o CIBIL: Credit Information Bureau (India) Ltd
o CIC: Chief Information Commissioner
o CID: Criminal Investigation Department
o C-in-C: Commander-in-Chief
o cif: cost, insurance and freight
o CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States
o CISF: Central Industrial Security Force
o CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
o CITU: Centre of Indian Trade Unions
o CLASS: Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
o CLAWS: Centre for Land Warfare Studies
o CM: Command Module; Chief Minister
o CMP: Common Minimum Programme
o CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
o CNN: Cable News Network
o CNS: Chief of the Naval Staff
o CO: Commanding Officer
o COD: Central Ordnance Depot; Cash on Delivery
o CPCB: Central Pollution Control Board
o CPI: Communist Party of India
o CPI(M): Communist Party of India (Marxists)
o CPU: Central Processing Unit
o CR: Central Railway
o CRAC: Cyber Regulation Advisory Council
o CRDi: Common Rail Direct injection
o CRISIL: Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited
o CRM: Customer Relationship Management
o CRR: Cash Reserve Ratio
o CRPF: Central Reserve Police Force
o CSIR: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

o CTBT: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
o CTT: Commodities Transaction Tax
o CVRDE: Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment
D
o DA: Dearness Allowance; Daily Allowance
o DAVP: Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity
o DC: Deputy Commissioner; Direct Current in Electricity
o DDT: Dichloro-Diphenyl Trichloro-ethane (disinfectant)
o DIN: Director Information Number
o DM: District Magistrate; Deputy Minister
o DMIC: Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor
o DMK: Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (a regional political party of Tamil Nadu)
o DNA: de-oxyribonucleic acid
o DO: Demi-official (letter)
o DOD: Department of Ocean Development
o DPEP: District Primary Education Programme
o DPI: Director of Public Instruction
o DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory
o DRDO: Defence Research and Development Organisation
o DST: Daylight Saving Time
o DRES: Department of Renewable Energy Sources
o DTH: Direct to Home (broadcasting)
E
o ECG: Electro Cardio-gram
o ECS: Electronic Clearing Service
o ECT: Electro-convulsant Therapy (electric shock treatment)
o EDUSAT: Education Satellite
o EEG: Electro-encephalography
o EET: Exempt Exempt Taxation
o EFA: Education for All
o EFF: Extended Fund Facility
o e.g.: exempli gratia; for example
o EHTP: Electronic Hardware Technology Parks
o ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immuno Solvent Assay (used for testing AIDS)
o EMI: Equated Monthly Instalment
o EMS: European Monetary System
o EMU: Electric-Multiple Unit; Extra-vehicular Mobility Unit; (European) Economic and Monetary
Union
o E & OE: Errors and Omissions Excepted
o EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
o ER: Eastern Railway
o ERM: Exchange Rate Mechanism
o ERNET: Educational and Research Network
o ESA: European Space Agency
o ESCAP: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
o ESMA: Essential Services Maintenance Act
o ESOP: Employee Stock Option Programme
o etc.: et cetera (and other things)
o EU: European Union
o EVM: Electronic Voting Machine
F
o FAO: Food and Agriculture Organisation
o FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation (of the U.S.A.)
o FCNR: Foreign Currency (non-resident) Accounts Scheme
o FDR: Flight Data Recorder; Fixed Deposit Receipt
o FEMA: Foreign Exchange Management Act
o FERA: Foreign Exchange Regulations Act
o FICCI: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
o FII: Foreign Institutional Investors
o FIPB: Foreign Investment Promotion Board (of India)
o FLAG: Fibre Optic Link Around the Globe
o FM: Field Marshal; Frequency Modulated
o FPSB: Financial Planning Standards Boards (India)
o FRBM: Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management
o FSSA: Food Safety and Standards Authority (of India)
o FTA: Free Trade Area
o FTP: File Transfer Protocol
G
o GAGAN: GPS-aided Geo-augmented Navigation
o GAIL: Gas Authority of India Limited
o GAIN: Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition

o GATS: General Agreement on Trade in Services
o GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
o GCA: General Currency Area
o GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council
o GCM: Greatest Common Measure
o GEF: Global Environment Fund
o GHQ: General Headquarters
o GIC: General Insurance Corporation
o GIST: Graphics and Intelligence-based Script Technology
o GMPS: Global Mobile Personal Communications System
o GMRT: Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope
o GMT: Greenwich Mean Time
o GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System
o GNP: Gross National Product
o GOC: General Officer Commanding
o GPO: General Post Office
o GPRS: General Packet Radio System
o GPS: Global Positioning System
o GSLV: Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
o GSP: Generalised Special Preferences
o GST: Goods and Service Tax
o GSTP: Global System of Trade Preferences
H
o HAWS: High Altitude Warfare School
o HCF: Highest Common Factor
o HDI: Human Development Index
o HDTV: High Definition Television
o HE: His (or Her) Excellency; His (or Her) Eminence; High Explosive; Horizontal Equivalent
o HITS: Headend In The Sky
o HMMWV: High Mobility Multipurpose-Wheeled Vehicle
o HMS: Hybrid Mail Service
o HP: Himachal Pradesh; Horizontal Plane; Horse Power
o HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language
o HTTP: Hypetext Transfer Protocol
o HUDCO: Housing and Urban Development Corporation
o HVDC: High Voltage Direct Current
I
o IAAI: International Airport Authority of India
o IAAS: Indian Audit and Accounts Service
o IADF: International Agricultural Development Fund
o IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency
o IAF: Indian Air Force
o IAMC: Indian Army Medical Corps
o IAS: Indian Administrative Service
o IATA: International Air Transport Association
o IATT: Inland Air Travel Tax
o IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
o IBEX: Interstellar Boundary Explorer Mission
o ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
o ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organisation
o ICAR: Indian Council of Agricultural Research
o ICCR: Indian Council of Cultural Relations
o ICCW: Indian Council for Child Welfare
o ICDS: Integrated Child Development Service
o ICJ: International Court of Justice (with Headquarters at the Hague)
o ICL: Indian Cricket League
o ICMR: Indian Council of Medical Research
o ICPA: Indian Cricket Players’ Association
o ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross
o IDA: International Development Association
o IDBI: Industrial Development Bank of India
o IDSA: Institute of Defence Studies and Analysis
o i.e.: id est; that is
o IEA: International Energy Agency
o IES: Indian Economic Service
o IEX: Indian Energy Exchange
o IFRS: International Financial Reporting Standard
o IFS: Indian Foreign Service; Indian Forest Service
o IFTU: International Federation of Trade Unions
o IFWJ: Indian Federation of Working Journalists
o IGNOU: Indira Gandhi National Open University

o IIPA: Indian Institute of Public Administration
o IISS: International Institute of Strategic Studies
o IIT: Indian Institutes of Technology
o ILO: International Labour Organisation
o IMA: Indian Military Academy
o IMET: International Military Education Training Programme
o IMF: International Monetary Fund
o IMO: International Maritime Organisation
o IN: Indian Navy; Intelligent Network
o INA: Indian National Army
o INK: International Newspaper Kiosks
o INMARSAT: International Maritime Satellite Organisation
o INMAS: Institute of Nuclear Medicines and Allied Sciences
o INS: Indian Naval Ship; Indian Newspaper Society
o INSAS: Indian Small Arms System
o INSAT: Indian National Satellite
o INTERPOL: International Police Organisation
o INTUC: Indian National Trade Union Congress
o IOC: International Olympic Committee
o IP: Indian Police
o IPC: Indian Penal Code
o IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
o IPEC: International Programme on Elimination of Child Labour
o IPR: Intellectual Property Right
o IPS: Indian Police Service; Indian Postal Service
o IPTV: Internet Protocol Television
o IPU: Inter-Parliamentary Union
o IQ: Intelligence Quotient
o IR: Infra-red
o IRA: Insurance Regulatory Authority
o IRBM: Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
o IREP: Integrated Rural Energy Planning
o IRS: Indian Remote Sensing Satellite; Indian Revenue Service
o ISAF: International Stabilization and Assistance Force (in Afghanistan)
o ISC: Inter-State Council
o ISCS: Integrated Smart Card System
o ISD: International Subscriber Dialled (telephone)
o ISH: Information Super Highway
o ISKCON: International Society for Krishna Consciousness
o ISO: International Standardisation Organisation
o ISP: Internet Service Provider
o ISRO: Indian Space Research Organisation
o ISS: International Space Station
o IST: Indian Standard Time
o ISTRAC: ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network
o ITDC: Indian Tourism Development Corporation
o ITO: International Trade Organisation; Income-tax Officer
o ITU: International Tele-communication Union
o IUC: Interconnect User Charge
J, K, L
o JCO: Junior Commissioned Officer
o JNNURM: Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
o JPC: Joint Parliamentary Committee
o JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group
o JWG: Joint Working Group
o KG: Kindergarten
o Kg: Kilogramme
o KPO: Knowledge Process Outsourcing
o LAC: Line of Actual Control
o LCA: Light Combat Aircraft
o LDC: Least Developed Countries
o LHC: Large Hadron Collider
o LIC: Life Insurance Corporation (of India)
o LLP: Limited Liability Partnership
o LOAC: Line of Actual Control
o LTA: Light Transport Aircraft
o LTTE: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
M
o MAT: Minimum Alternative Tax
o MER: Mars Exploration Rover
o MBBS: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

o MCF: Master Control Facility
o MEP: Minimum Export Price
o MES: Military Engineering Service
o METSAT: Meteorological Satellite
o MFA: Multi-Fibre Agreement
o MFN: Most Favoured Nation
o MIP: Moon Impact Probe
o MMS: Multimedia Messaging Service
o MMTC: Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation of India
o MNC: Multi-national Corporation
o MNIC: Multi-purpose National Identity Card
o MODEM: Modulator-Demodulator
o MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
o MRTPC: Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission
o MRTS: Mass Rapid Transit System
o MSA: Maritime Safety Agency
o MSCF: Maritime Security Cooperation Framework
o Mss: Manuscript
o MTCR: Missile Technology Control Regime
o MTO: Multilateral Trade Organisation
o MVC: Maha Vir Chakra
o MUNO: Maha Vir Chakra
N
o NAA: National Airport Authority
o NABARD: National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. (It helps rural development by
providing re-finance facility).
o NACIL: National Aviation Company of India Ltd
o NADA: National Anti-Doping Agency
o NAEP: National Adult Education Programme
o NAFTA: North America Free Trade Agreement
o NAG: National Air Guard
o NAM: Non-aligned Movement
o NAMA: Non-Agriculture Market Access
o NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (of the U.S.A.)
o NASDAQ: National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
o NATA: Natural Aptitude Test for Architecture
o NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
o NAV: Net Asset Value
o NB: Nota bene; note well, or take notice
o NCA: Nuclear Command Authority
o NCC: National Cadet Corps
o NCEP: National Committee on Environmental Planning
o NCERT: National Council of Education Research and Training
o NCR: National Capital Region
o NDA: National Defence Academy; National Democratic Alliance
o NDNC: National Do Not Call (Registry)
o NDPS: Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances
o NDRF: National Disaster Response Force
o NDTL: National Dope Testing Laboratory
o NeGP: National e-governance Plan
o NEDB: North-Eastern Development Bank
o NEP: National Education Policy
o NEPA: National Environment Protection Authority
o NFO: New Fund Offers
o NHDP: National Highways Development Project
o NHRC: National Human Rights Commission
o NIC: National Integration Council
o NIFT: National Institute of Fashion Technology
o NIO: National Institute of Oceanography
o NIS: National Institute of Sports
o NIT: National Institute of Technology
o NLMA: National Literacy Mission Authority
o NMD: Nuclear Missile Defence
o NMDC: National Mineral Development Corporation
o NPL: National Physical Laboratory
o NPR: National Population Register
o NPT: (Nuclear) Non-Proliferation Treaty
o NRBI: National Rural Bank of India
o NREGA: National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
o NREP: National Rural Employment Programme
o NRF: National Renewal Fund

o NRI: Non-Resident Indian
o NRR: National Reproduction Rate
o NRSA: National Remote Sensing Agency
o NSA: National Security Act
o NSC: National Service Corps; National Security Council
o NSDL: National Securities Depository Limited
o NSE: National Stock Exchange
o NSR: National Skills Registry
o NTPC: National Thermal Power Corporation
o NWDA: National Water Development Agency
o NWRC: National Water Resources Council
O
o OAS: Organisation of American States
o OAU: Organisation of African Unity
o OBC: Other Backward Communities
o OBU: Offshore Banking Unit
o ODA: Official Development Assistance
o ODF: Open Document Format
o ODS: Ozone Depletion Substances
o OECD: Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development
o OGL: Open General Licence
o OIC: Organisation of Islamic Countries
o OIGS: On India Government Service
o OIL: Oil India Limited
o OM: Order of Merit
o ONGC: Oil and Natural Gas Commission
o OPEC: Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
o OSCE: Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe
o OSD: Officer on Special Duty
o OXML: Open Extended Marking Language
P
o PAC: Political Affairs Committee; Public Accounts Committee
o PACER: Programme for Acceleration of Commercial Energy Research
o PAN: Permanent Account Number (of Income-Tax)
o PATA: Pacific-Asia Travel Association
o PCS: Public Civil Service; Punjab Civil Service
o PIB: Press Information Bureau
o Pin Code: Postal Index Number Code
o PIO: Persons of Indian Origin
o PLF: Plant Load Factor
o PM: Post Meridiem; after-noon; also Postmaster; Prime Minister; post-mortem (after death)
o PMG: Postmaster General
o PN: Participatory Note
o PO: Post Office; Postal Order
o POPs: Persistent Organic Pollutants; Point of Purchase
o POTA: Prevention of Terrorism Act
o POW: Prisoner of War
o PP: Public Prosecutor; Particular Person
o PRO: Public Relations Officer
o PS: Post Scriptum; Post Script; written after
o PSC: Public Service Commission
o PSE: Public Sector Enterprises
o PSLV: Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
o PTA: Preferential Trade Area
o PTI: Press Trust of India
o PTO: Please Turn Over; Privilege Ticket Order
o PUFA: Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids
o PVC: Param Vir Chakra
o PVSM: Param Vishisht Sewa Medal
o PWD: Public Works Department
Q, R
o QMG: Quarter Master General
o QR: Quantitative Restriction
o RAF: Rapid Action Force
o RAM: Random Access Memory
o RBI: Reserve Bank of India
o RCC: Reinforced Concrete Cement
o RDF: Rapid Development Force
o RDS: Radio Data Servicing
o RDSS: Radio Determination Satellite Service
o REACH: Rehabilitate, Educate and Support Street Children

o RLO: Returned Letter Office
o RLV: Reusable Launch Vehicle
o RPM: Revolution Per Minute
o RPO: Recruitment Process Outsourcing; Regional Passport Officer
o RRB: Regional Rural Bank
o RRPI: Rural Retail Price Index
o RSS: Rashtriya Swyamsevak Sangh
o RSVP: Repondez s’il vous plait (Fr.) reply, if you please
o RTGS: Real Time Gross Settlement System
S
o SAARC: South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation
o SAFTA: South Asian Free Trade Area
o SAIL: Steel Authority of India Limited
o SAPTA: SAARC Preferential Trading Agreement
o SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
o SATNAV: Satellite Navigation (Initiative)
o SAVE: SAARC Audio Visual Exchange
o SC: Security Council; Supreme Court; Scheduled Caste
o SCI: Shipping Corporation of India
o SCO: Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
o SCOPE: Standing Conference on Public Enterprises
o SDO: Sub-Divisional Officer
o SDR: Special Drawing Rights (created by the World Bank)
o SEBI: Securities and Exchange Board of India
o SFC: Strategic Forces Command
o SGPC: Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
o SIDBI: Small Industries Development Bank of India
o SIT: Special Investigation Team
o SITE: Satellite Instructional Television Experiment
o SLR: Statutory Liquidity Ratio
o SMS: Short Messaging Service; Subscriber Management System
o SOS: Save Our Souls—distress signal
o SPG: Special Protection Group
o SPIN: Software Process Improvement Networks
o SPV: Solar Photo Voltaic
o SQUID: Super-conducting Quantum Interference Device
o SRE: Space Capsule Recovery Experiment
o SRV: Submarine Rescue Vessel
o SSN: Social Security Number
o STARS: Satellite Tracking and Ranging Station
o START: Strategic Arms Reduction Talks
o STEP: Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Park
o STT: Securities Transaction Tax
o SWAN: State-wide Area Network
o SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Financial Telecommunications
T
o TA: Travelling Allowance; Territorial Army
o TAAI: Travel Agents Association of India
o TACDE: Tactics and Air Combat Development Establishment
o TADA: Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act
o TAPS: Tarapur Atomic Power Station
o TB: Tuberculosis
o TDC: Transport Development Council
o TDS: Tax Deduction at Source
o TDSAT: Telecom Dispute Settlement Appellate Tribunal
o TERLS: Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
o TIFR: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
o TIN: Tax Information Network
o TINXSYS: Tax Information Exchange System
o TISCO: Tata Iron and Steel Company
o TMC: Terrain Mapping Camera
o TMO: Telegraphic Money Order
o TNT: Tri-nitro-toluene (high explosive)
o TPP: 20-Point Programme
o TRAI: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
o TRIMs: Trade Related Investment Measures
o TRIPS: Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights
o TRP: Television Rating Points; Tax Return Preparer
o TRYSEM: Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment
o TTE: Travelling Ticket Examiner
o TTF: Tourism Task Force

U
o UAE: United Arab Emirates
o UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
o UF: United Front
o UFO: Unidentified Flying Object
o UGC: University Grants Commission
o ULFA: United Liberation Front of Assam
o UN: United Nations
o UNCTAD: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
o UNDP: United Nations Development Programme
o UNEF: United Nations Emergency Force
o UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme
o UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
o UNFPO: United Nations Fund for Population Activities
o UNHCR: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
o UNHRC: United Nations Human Rights Commission
o UNI: United News of India
o UNICEF: United Nations International Children’s (Emergency) Fund
o UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
o UNRRA: United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
o UNTAC: United Nations Transitional Authority for Cambodia
o UPA: United Progressive Alliance
o UPSC: Union Public Service Commission
o UPTN: Universal Personal Telephone Number
o USA: United States of America
o USIS: United States Information Service
V
o VAT: Value-added Tax
o VC: Vice-Chancellor; Vice Counsel; Victoria Cross; Vir Chakra
o VDIS: Voluntary Disclosure of Income Scheme
o VHRR: Very High Resolution Radiometer
o VIP: Very Important Person
o VLSI: Very Large Scale Integration
o VOIP: Voice Over Internet Protocol
o VPN: Virtual Private Network
o VPP: Value Payable Post
o VRS: Voluntary Retirement Scheme
o VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminals
W
o WADA: World Anti-Doping Agency
o WAP: Wireless Application Protocol
o WAVE: Wireless Access for Virtual Enterprise
o WDF: Wasteland Development Force
o WEF: World Economic Forum
o WFP: World Food Programme
o WFTU: World Federation of Trade Unions
o WGIG: Working Group on Internet Governance
o WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organisation
o WLL: Wireless in Local Loop
o WMD: Weapons of Mass Destruction
o WR: Western Railway
o WTO: World Trade Organisation (previously called GATT); also World Tourism Organisation
X, Y, Z
o XML: eXtensible Markup Language
o YMCA: Young Men’s Christian Association
o YWCA: Young Women’s Christian Association
o INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE (IPCC) Established in 1988 by the
World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (Unep)
INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES
o Aero float is the airline of Russia.
o Al-Italia is the Italian international airlines.
o Royal Nepal’s Airline is the name of Nepal’s airline.
o Transworld Airway (TWA) belongs to USA.
o Scandinavian airlines operate in the countries Norway, Sweden, and Denmark.
o KLM is the oldest national airline.
o JAL is an airline of Japan.
o BOAC airline is of Great Britain.
o Garada is the airline of Indonesia.

o Qantas is an airline of Australia.
o The famous airport Dum Dum is located in Mombai (India).
o Chaklala airport is situated in Rawalpindi.
o Orly airport is located in Paris.
o Santa Cruz airport is in Mumbai.
o KLM is an airline of Nether land.
o LOT is the national airline of what country-Poland
o TABSO is the national airline of which country-Bulgaria
o Lufthansa is an airlines from Germany
o Cathy Pacific is an airline of Hong Kong.
o What is Belgium's national Airline- Sabina
o Vnukovo airport is in Moscow.
o Biman is the airline of Bangladesh.
o Qantas is an airline of Australia.
o Garunda is an Airline of Indonesia.
o Asiana is the airline of ... South Korea
IMPORTANT NEWSAGENCIES
o Anatolia is the news agency of Turkey.
o News agency AIP belongs to Afghanistan.
o Interfax is the news agency of Russia.
o United states of America Associated Press (AP)
o United Kingdom Reuters
o Russia Telegraph Agency of the Sovereign States (TASS)
o Malaysia Malaysian National News Agency (MNNA)
o Italy Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associate (ANSA)
o Israel Associated Israel Press (AIP)
o France Agence France Press (A.F.P)
o india Press Trust of India (PTI)
o India United News of India (UNI)
o India Samachar Bharti
o India Univarta
o China Xin Hua
o Kyodo Indonesia
o Antara Iran Islamic Republic news Agency (IRNA)
o Germany Deutsche Presse Agentur (D.P.A.)
o Palestine WAFA
o Australia Australian Associated Press (A.A.P)
o Russia Novosti
o Pakistan Pakistan Press International (P.P.I) and Associated Press of Pakistan (APP)
o Middle East News Agency (MENA)
o United States of America United Press International (UPI)
o Bakhtar news agency of Afghanistan
IMPORTANT G.K
o Tapaimukh Dam issue is between India & Bangladesh.
o Foreign Minister of Bangladesh is Dipu Moni.
o PM of Bangladesh Shaikh Haseena of Awami League elected in December, 29, 2008.
o Mongolia has world's 6% of Uranium reserves.
o The Bofors case led to Congress defeat in 1989 Lok Sabha polls. Ottavio Quattrocchi, an Italian
businessman, took bribes to sale Bofors howitzers to India in 1986.
o Mao movement is connected with Naxalites.
o Black Widow is a rebellious gang in Assam.
o US intends to deploy US interceptor Missiles in Poland and radar in Czech Republic to protect
Europe from Iranian missiles.
o Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel belongs to conservative party.
o OECD has 30 members and does ot include China.
o US special representative for Pakistan and Afghanistan is Richard Halbroke.
o Senator John Kerry and Richard Lugar put forward Kerry-Lugar Bill.
o G-20 Summit was held at Pittsburg, USA in Sep: 2009.
o David Lawrance Convention Centre arranges G-20 Summit.
o ISRO is Indian Space Research Organisation.
o President of Mongolia is Tsakhiagin Elbegdorj.
o Director General of Int. Atomic Energy Agency is Mohammad Alberadi.
o US Open 2009 won by Kim Clisjsters of Belgium and Juan Martin del Porto won men's singles titles.

o UEFA president is Michel Platni.
o Dal Lake is in occupied Kashmir
o Shoe thrower on Bush Muntazer al Zaidi worked for Al-Baghdadi newspaper, Egypt.
o President of France is Nicolas Sarkozy.
o Mother Tressa belonged to Albania and came to India in 1951. She died on Sep:5, 19997 and is
burried at Kolkata.
o Sachin Tendulkar completed 16000 runs in ODIs.
o President of Russia is Dimitri Medwedev. PM is Viladamir Putin.
o World Bank president is Robert Zoellic.
o US Secretary of State is Hillary Rodham Clinton.
o Head of WTO is Pascal Lamy.
o Garden of Five Senses is in Delhi.
o Obama is US's 44th President.
o Danny Boyle is the director of Slum Dog Millionaire.
o President of Chechnia is Ramzan A. Kadyrov.
o Shasha Obama (younger) and Malia Obama (elder) are two daughters of Barak Obama.
o Ahmadinejad defeated Mir Hussain Moussavi in his re-election.
o Honduran President Manuel Zelaya was ousted in a military coup. He was deported to Costa Rica.
o Brazil beats US in Confederation Cup.
o Iceland swears its first female PM Johanna Sigurdard Ottir.
o Baitullah Mehsud killed on Aug: 5, 2009.
o Serena Williams and Roger Federer are Wimbeldon winners this year.
o ICJ issued arrest warrants for Sudanese President Omar Hassan Ahmad Al-Bashir.
o President of North Korea is Kim Jong-il.
o Jacob Zuma won elections in South Africa.
o Abdullah Abdullah contested elections against Hamid Karzai.
o Chinese President is Hu Jintao.
o Mother-in-Law of Obama is Marian Robinson.
o President of Bangladesh is Zillur Rahman.
o Governor State Bank of Pakistan is Syed Salim Raza.
o Pakistan Ambassador to UN is Abdullah Hussain Haroon.
o President of Sri Lanka is Mahinda Percy Rajapaksa and PM is Ratnasiri Wickremanyake.
o President of India is Prathiba Patel, Interior Minister is Palaniappan Chidambaram.
o Michael Jackson died on 25th June, 2009 at the age of 50.
o LTTE chief Prabhakaran killed on 18th May, 2009.
o Titanic Museum opened in UK on 31st March, 2009.
o The Internaitiona Airport of Washington DC is known as Dulles International Airport.
o Michael Sleiman has taken over as the President of Lebanon.
o 5th World Water Forum concluded in Istanbul on 22nd March, 2009.
o China celebrated its 60th Aniversary on 1st Oct: 2009.
o India will hold the Common Wealth Games in 2010.
o Jill Baden is the wife of Joe Biden, VP USA.
o Michelle Obaman is the wife of Barack Obama.
o CIA director is Leon Panetta.
o Secretary General of OIC is Ikmalluddin Ihsan Iglo (Turkey).
o US Ambassador to Iraq is Christopher Hill.
o Gilgit-Baltistan Empowerment and Self Governance Order 2009 came on Sep:7, 2009. Qamar-uz-
Zaman Qaira made governer on 15th Sep: 2009.
o The book "Jinnah- India, Partition, Independence" is written by Jaswant Singh.
o The World Athletics Championship was held in Berlin in 2009.
o Justice Hamid Ali Mirza is the new Chief Election Commission of Pakistan.
o Arab League Sectary General is Amr Moosa.
o Commander of ISAF forces in Afghanistan is General Stan Mc Crystal.
o Operation Rah-e-Nijad conducted in South Waziristan on June 19, 2009.
o Operation Rah-e-Rast began in Sawat in May 2009.
o NAM Chairman is President Hussni Mubark of Egypt.
o ICC chief is Haroon Lorgat of South Africa.
o First East Timore President is Jose Gusmao.
o The American Taliban captured in Afghanistan is John Walker Lindh.
o President of Palestine is Mehmood Abbas.
o RAW chief is K.C Verma.
o Foreign Minister of UK is David Miliband.
o FIFA President is Joseph Sepp Blatter.
o Prime Minister of Australia is Kavin Rid.
o US Secretary of Defence is Robert Gates.
o Secretary General of SAARC is Sheel Kant Sharma.
o OPEC chief is Abdullah Salem al-Badri.
o NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen.
o Next Olympics will be held in London in 2012.
o Next Hockey World Cup will be held in India in 2010.
o Next World Cup of Cricket will be held in India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh in 2011.

o Next Football World Cup is to be held in South Africa in 2010.
o Burj Khalifa — The Tallest Building in the World has 162 stories, 828 meters or 2,717 feet in height
and was constructed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, inaugurated on 4th Jan: 2010.
o NRO was promulgated on oct 5 2007 and has 7 sections.
o Baluchistan Package was announced in joint Sitting of Parliment on 24th November.
o Pakistan lift World T20 Cup, beat Sri Lanka by 8 wkts on 21 June 2009.
o When kerry lugar bill was passed?Thursday, Sept 24, 2009
o Luger Bill will provide Pakistan an aid of....1.5 billion dollars annually
o Timeline of withdrawal of forces from Iraq by Obama...2011
o The Way Of The World: A Story Of Truth And Hope In An Age Of Extremism by Ron Suskind
o A book of 2008"A way of hope and extremism...... Ayesha Jalal
o Who is elected as Costa Rica’s first female president? Laura Chinchilla
o Who is the Vice-President of World Bank (IBRD)? Anil Sood
o Who is the Chairman of UN General Assembly? Ali Triki
o Who is the Director-General of UNESCO? Koïchiro Matsuura
o Who is the Director-General of FAO? Jacques Diouf
o Who is the Director-General of (ILO)? Juan Somavia
o Who is the Executive Director of (UNICEF)? Anthony Lake
o Who is the Director-General of (WHO)? Margaret Chan
o Who is the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)? Antonio Gutrres
o Who is the Administrator of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)? Helen Clerk
o Who is the President of International Court of Justice (ICJ)? Hishashi Owada
o Who is the President of Asian Development Bank (ADB)? Haruhiko Kuroda
o Who is the President of International Olympic Committee (IOC)? Jacques Rogge
o Who is the Secretary-General of Commonwealth? Kamlesh Sharma
o Who is the Chairman of UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC)?: Martin I. Uhomoibhi
o Who is the High Commissioner of UNHRC? Navnetham Pillai
o Who is the President of International Cricket Council (ICC)? David Morgan
o Who is the Secretary-General of African Union (AU)?Bingu wa Mutharika
o Who is the Chairman of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)? Hosni Mubarak
o Who is the Secretary-General of UNCTAD? Supachai Panitchpakdi
o Who is the Chairman of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and President of Palestinian
National Authority? Mahmoud Abbas
o Who is the Secretary General of OPEC? Abdullah Salem ul Badri
o Who is the Director-General of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)? Yukiya Amano
o Who is the Secretary-General of NATO? Anders Fogh Rasmussen
o Who is the Director-General of World Trade Organization (WTO)? Pascal Lamy
o Who is the Secretary-General of INTERPOL? Ronald Nobel
o Who is the Secretary-General of ASEAN? Dr. Surin Pitsuwan
o Who is the Secretary-General of SAARC? Dr. Sheelkant Sharma
o Who is the President of International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF)? Lamine Diack
o Who is the Secretary-General of Amnesty International? Irene Zubaida Khan
o Who is the President of World Bank (WB)? Robert Zoellick
o Who is the Managing Director of International Monetary Fund (IMF)? Dominique Strauss-Kahn
o Which of the following countries has introduced "Direct Democracy"? Switzerland
o Inflation occurs when aggregate supply is Less than aggregate demand ·
o Which of the following crops helps in nitrogen fixation? Beans ·
o The term "Fourth Estate" refers Press ·
o At which of the following place Rajiv Gandhi died of human bomb explosion? Sriperumbudur
o The Governor General associated with the abolition of slavery was Bentinck.·
o World No-Tobacco Day is observed on May 31 ·
o Which one of the following ecosystems covers the largest area of the earth's surface? Marine
Ecosystem ·
o Thalassaemia is a hereditary disease affecting - Blood ·
o Polythene is industrially prepared by the polymerization of - Ethylene ·
o Which one of the following is not the official language of the United Nations Organisation?
Portuguese ·
o Biological Oxygen demand (BOD) is used as a standard measure of Oxygen level in water system ·
o Which of the following Crops is of Kharif Season? Soyabean ·
o By which of the following Acts were the Commercial Rights of East India Company Abolished?
Charter Act of 1833 ·
o The acronym STD written on Telephone booth stands for Subscriber Telephone Dialing ·
o The disease diphtheria affects Throat · The Harry Potter series is written by J K Rowling ·
o The most common communicable disease is Influenza
o Taoism is a school of Chinese philosophy·
o Hydrogen is used instead of Helium to fill balloons for meteorology because of its low density ·
o The most abundant element in the earth's crust is Oxygen ·
o Stainless steel is an example of a metallic compound ·
o The International Date Line is the 180° Longitude ·
o Who among the following was the first Maratha Ruler to get legal recognition from the Mughals?
Sahuji ·

o The average solar day is approximately 24 hrs ·
o Cotton is a cellulose fiber· Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium
o Dengue fever is spread by Aedes aegypti mosquito ·
o Genome is the key to tomorrow's medical practices because It provides a new outlook into medicine ·
o Mahatma Gandhi started his struggle against apartheid in Natal ·
o How may squares are there in a Chess Board? 64 ·
o The "stones" formed in human kidney consist mostly of Sodium chloride ·
o The study which deals with secret writing is known as Cryptology ·
o The oceans cover -------- of the surface of the earth 71% ·
o "James Bond" is a character created by Ian Fleming ·
o Bangalore is called the "Silicon Valley of India" ·
o The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is Absorption of light ·
o The first Europeans to start trade relations with India were the Dutch ·
o Process of breeding fish in ponds and artificial reservoirs is known as Pisciculture ·
o Why does diamond shine at night? Diamond shines because it has tetrahedral molecular structure ·
o The sea route to India was discovered by the Portuguese ·
o Babur entered India for the first time from the west through Sind ·
o Of the total water on the earth, fresh water reserves constitute approximately 2.7% ·
o The magnetic effect of electric current was first observed by Oersted ·
o The percentage of glucose present in the normal urine is 0.1% ·
o Jahangiri Mahal is located in Agra Fort ·
o The relics of Indus Valley Civilisation indicates that the main occupation of the people was
Commerce ·
o Marish traveller, Ibn Batutah, came to India during the time of Muhammed bin Tughlaq ·
o The ancient name of Bengal was Gauda ·
o Protective foods in our diet are Proteins and carbohydrates ·
o Which of the following types of clothes is manufactured by using petroleum products? Nylon
o U Thant Award is given for Social service ·
o Who among the following were popularly known as Red Shirts? Khudai Khidmatgars ·
o During the period of Renaissance, the new style of architecture first developed in Italy ·
o Srinagar is situated on the bank of the river Jhelum ·
o The canal joining Baltic Sea to North Sea is Kiel Canal ·
o High pressure subtropical calm belts known as `Horse Latitudes' lies between 30° and 35° ·
o On 22nd December, which of the following places has the largest day and shortest night? Melbourne ·
o Blue Revolution is related to fish production ·
o Sphere of living matter together with water, air and soil on the surface of the earth is known as
Biosphere ·
o What is the birth date of Sonia Gandhi? Answer: 9 December 1946·
o Who is the IAS Topper in UPSC Civil Services Exam 2010? Dr Shah Faesal, 26 year-old MBBS
graduate·
o Which metal is heavier, silver or gold? Gold·
o Which state is the biggest in the US? Alaska·
o What is Aurora Borealis commonly known as? Northern Lights·
o Which is the non-contagious disease that is the most common in the world? Tooth Decay ·
o In which country was golf first played? Scotland·
o Which is the sport wherein you would use a "sand iron"? Golf
o Who was the writer of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland? Lewis Carroll ·
o What is the rhino's horn made of? Hair·
o Tea is said to have been discovered in 2737 BC by a Chinese emperor ·
o If you were to remove your skin, it would weigh as much as 5 pounds ·
o 90 % of all the ice in the world in on Antarctica ·
o Antarctica is DRIEST continent. Antarctica is a desert ·
o Antarctica is COLDEST continent, averaging minus 76 degrees in the winter · Human thigh bones
are stronger than concrete. ·
o Your heart beats over 100,000 times a day ·
o Fingernails grow nearly 4 times faster than toenails! ·
o Honey is the only food that does not spoil. ·
o Earth is the only planet not named after a god. ·
o There was once an undersea post office in the Bahamas. ·
o Penguins are not found in the North Pole ·
o A dentist invented the Electric Chair. ·
o A whip makes a cracking sound because its tip moves faster than the speed of sound ·
o Alexander Graham Bell's wife and mother were both deaf ·
o Fish scales are an ingredient in most lipsticks ·
o Canada" is an Indian word meaning "Big Village". ·
o 1.7 liters of saliva is produced each day ·
o The Wright Brothers invented one of the first airplanes. It was called the Kitty Hawk. ·
o Venus is nicknamed the "Jewel of the Sky." Because of the greenhouse effect, it is hotter than
Mercury, even though it's not as close to the sun. Venus does not have a moon but it does have clouds
of sulfuric acid! ·
o Which strait separates the North and South islands of New Zealand? Cook Strait·

o In which city is the Doge’s Palace? Venice·
o Which continent has the larger land mass: Africa or North America? Africa·
o What name is given to the art of preparing, stuffing and mounting the skins of animals to make
lifelike models? Taxidermy·
o The name of which Roman god means ‘shining father' in Latin? Jupiter·
o Which theoretical temperature corresponds to minus 273.15 degrees on the Celsius scale? Absolute
zero·
o Who wrote Bleak House? Charles Dickens·
o Ganymede is a satellite of which planet? Jupiter·
o Which city was the first in the world to have a population of more than one million? London (circa
1811)·
o Which was the first element to be created artificially? Technetium·
o In computing, what does ISDN stand for? Integrated Services Digital Network·
o The world's windiest place is Commonwealth Bay, Antartica. ·
o The desert baobab tree can store up to 1000 litres of water in its trunk. ·
o The USA uses 29% of the world's petrol and 33% of the world's electricity.
o Tibet is the highest country in the world. Its average height above sea level is 4500 meters. ·
o The White Sea, in Russia, has the lowest temperature, only -2 degrees centigrade.
o The Persian Gulf is the warmest sea. In the summer its temperature reaches 35.6 degrees centigrade. ·
o There is no land at all at the North Pole, only ice on top of sea. ·
o Over 4 million cars in Brazil are now running on gasohol instead of petrol. Gasohol is a fuel made
from sugar cane.
o US Dollar bills are made out of cotton and linen. ·
o Giraffes and rats can last longer without water than camels. ·
o Your stomach produces a new layer of mucus every two weeks so that it doesn’t digest itself. ·
o A B-25 bomber crashed into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building on July 28, 1945. ·
o The Declaration of Independence was written on hemp (marijuana) paper. · The dot over the letter “i”
is called a tittle. ·
o Triskaidekaphobia means fear of the number 13. ·
o The ZIP in “ZIP code” means Zoning Improvement Plan. ·
o Camels have three eyelids. ·
o Most lipstick contains fish scales. ·
o Orcas (killer whales) kill sharks by torpedoing up into the shark’s stomach from underneath, causing
the shark to explode. ·
o Over a course of about eleven years, the sun’s magnetic poles switch places. This cycle is called
“Solarmax”. ·
o The international telephone dialing code for Antarctica is 672. ·
o The average raindrop falls at 7 miles per hour. ·
o It took Leonardo Da Vinci 10 years to paint Mona Lisa·
o IBM’s motto is “Think”. Apple later made their motto “Think different”. ·
o A “jiffy” is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second.
o The shortest war in history was between Zanzibar and England in 1896. Zanzibar surrendered after 38
minutes.
o Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors, the helicopter, and many other present day items.
o 25% of a human’s bones are in its feet.
o A jellyfish is 95% water.
o The strongest muscle in the human body is the tongue. (the heart is not a muscle)
o Pearls melt in vinegar.
o Nepal is the only country that doesn’t have a rectangular flag. Switzerland is the only country with a
square flag.
o Humans use a total of 72 different muscles in speech.
o The male seahorse carries the eggs until they hatch instead of the female.
o Mercury is the only planet whose orbit is coplanar with its equator. Venus and Uranus are the only
planets that rotate opposite to the direction of their orbit.
o The city of Venice stands on about 120 small islands.
o The past-tense of the English word "dare" is "durst".
o Hummingbirds can't walk.
o The largest copper producing country in the World is Chile.·
o The largest museum in the world is the American Museum of Natural History.
o The lowest mountain range in the world is the Buena Bhaile.
o The country known as the Land of Cakes is Scotland.
o The tallest tower in the world is the C. N. Tower, Toronto, Canada.
o The country famous for its fish catch is Japan.
o Montreal is situated on the bank of River Ottawa.
o The largest church in the world is Basilica of St. Peter, Vatican City, Rome.
o The tallest statue in the world is the Motherland, Volgograd Russia.
o The largest railway tunnel in the world is the Oshimizu Tunnel, Japan.
o The Angel Falls is located in Venezuela. ·
o The Victoria Falls is located in Rhodesia. ·
o Ice Cream was discovered by Gerald Tisyum.
o Napoleon suffered from alurophobia which means Fear of cats.

o The aero planes were used in war for the first time by Italians.
o The famous Island located at the mouth of the Hudson River is Manhattan.
o The founder of plastic industry was Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
o The country where military service is compulsory for women is Israel.
o The country which has more than 10,000 golf courses is USA.
o The famous painting 'Mona Lisa' is displayed at Louvre museum, Paris.
o The famous words 'Veni Vidi Vici' were said by Julius Caesar.
o The practice of sterilization of surgical instruments was introduced by Joseph Lister. ·
o The number of countries which participated in the first Olympic Games held at Athens was nine.
o Mercury is also known as Quick Silver.
o Disneyland is located in California, USA.
o The country which built the first powerful long range rockets is Germany. · Sewing Machine was
invented by Isaac M. Singer.
o Adding Machine was invented by Aldrin.
o Archimedes was born in Sicily.
o The largest temple in the world is Angkor Wat in Kampuchea.
o The largest dome in the world is Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans, USA. The largest strait in the
world is Tartar Strait.
o The largest city of Africa is Cairo.
o The Heathrow Airport is located in London.
o The neon lamp was invented by Georges Claude.
o The last letter of the Greek alphabet is Omega.
o The US state Utah is also known as Beehive state.
o The Kalahari Desert is located in Africa.
o The Patagonian desert is located in Argentina.
o The person known as the father of aeronautics is Sir George Cayley.
o The most densely populated Island in the world is Honshu.
o The largest auto producing nation is Japan.
o The famous 'General Motors' company was founded by William Durant.
o The country that brings out the FIAT is Italy.
o The first actor to win an Oscar was Emil Jannings.
o The first demonstration of a motion picture was held at Paris.
o The first country to issue stamps was Britain.
o The world's largest car manufacturing company is Toyota Motors, JAPAN. · The White House was
painted white to hide fire damage.
o The largest oil producing nation in Africa is Nigeria.
o The longest river in Russia and Europe is Volga River.
o The term 'astrology' literally means Star Speech.
o Togo is situated in Africa.·
o Coal is also known as Black Diamond.
o The lightest known metal is Lithium.
o The Atacama Desert is located in North Chile.
o The oil used to preserve timber is Creosote oil.
o The US state known as 'Land of 1000 Lakes' is Minnesota.
o The popular detective character created by Agatha Christie is Hercule Poirot.
o Yoghurt means Fermented milk.
o Yankee is the nickname of American.
o Victoria Falls was discovered by David Livingstone.
o The technique to produce the first test tube baby was evolved by Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards.
o The oldest residential university of Britain is the Oxford University. ·
o The name of the large clock on the tower of the House of Parliament in London is called Big Ben.
o Prado Museum is located in Madrid.
o The number of keys in an ordinary piano is Eighty eight.
o 'Man is a Tool Making Animal' was said by Benjamin Franklin.
o The term 'anesthesia' was coined by Oliver Wendell Holmes.
o The first man to reach Antarctica was Fabian Gottlieb.
o The Kilimanjaro volcano is situated in Tanzania.
o The invention that is considered to have built America is Dynamite.
o What is the full form of GPRS? - General Packet Radio Service.
o Which was the first university established in the world? - Nalanda University · The country that
accounts for nearly one third of the total teak production of the world is Myanmar
o The country also known as "country of copper" is Zambia
o The coldest place on the earth is Verkoyansk in Siberia
o The country which ranks second in terms of land area is Canada
o The largest Island in the Mediterranean sea is Sicily
o The capital city that stands on the river Danube is Belgrade
o The country which is the largest producer of tin in the world is China
o The river which carries maximum quantity of water into the sea is the Amazon River29
o The city which was once called the `Forbidden City' was Peking
o The volcano Vesuvius is located in Italy

o The largest bell in the world is theTsar Kolkol at Kremlin, Moscow
o The biggest stadium in the world is the Strahov Stadium, Prague
o The world's largest diamond producing country is South Africa.
o Australia was discovered by James Cook
o Dublin is situated at the mouth of river Liffey
o The Eiffel tower was built by Alexander Eiffe
o The Red Cross was founded by Jean Henri Durant
o The country which has highest population density is Monaco
o The national flower of Britain is Rose
o The national flower of Italy is Lily
o The national flower of China is Narcissus
o The first Industrial Revolution took place in England
o Singapore was founded by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
o The independence day of South Korea is celebrated on15th August
o The first President of Egypt was Mohammed Nequib
o The most famous painting of Pablo Picasso was Guermica
o The primary producer of newsprint in the world is Canada
o The person who is called the father of modern Italy is G.Garibaldi
o The founder of modern Germany isBismarck7
o The founder of the Chinese Republic was San Yat Sen
o The first woman Prime Minister of Britain was Margaret Thatcher
o The sculptor of the statue of Liberty was Frederick Auguste Bartholdi
o John F Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald
o The largest river in France is Loire
o The first black person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize was Ralph Johnson Bunche
o The principal export of Jamaica is Sugar
o The largest library in the world is the United States Library of Congress, Washington DC
o Who was the youngest President of the USA?Theodore Roosevelt
o Who invented the Light Bulb? Humphry Davy
o Who invented the washing machine? James King
o Who invented the first electric washing machine? Alva Fisher
o Who invented the Vacuum Cleaner? Hubert Booth
o Who is the CEO of search company Google? Eric Schmidt
o Who was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Services? Satyendranath Tagore
o Which two countries have signed the Nuclear Swap deal with Iran? Brazil and Turkey
o Who is CEO of Yahoo? Carol Bartz
o Who is the first man to climb Mount Everest without oxygen? Phu Dorji
o How many words can you make from a five letter word by shuffling the places of each alphabet? 120
o Speed of computer mouse is measured in which unit? Mickey
o Barack Obama's birthday is on which date? August 4, 1961
o Which bird is the international symbol of happiness? Bluebird
o Which useful household item is made from naphthalene? Mothballs
o Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) was born on and died on days when Halley’s Comet can be seen.
o During his life he predicted that he would die when it could be seen.
o US Dollar bills are made out of cotton and linen.
o The 57 on the Heinz ketchup bottle represents the number of pickle types the company once had.
o Americans are responsible for about 1/5 of the world’s garbage annually. On average, that’s 3 pounds
a day per person.
o Giraffes and rats can last longer without water than camels.
o Your stomach produces a new layer of mucus every two weeks so that it doesn’t digest itself.
o A B-25 bomber crashed into the 79th floor of the Empire State Building on July 28, 1945.
o The Declaration of Independence was written on hemp (marijuana) paper.
o The dot over the letter “i” is called a tittle.
o A raisin dropped in a glass of fresh champagne will bounce up and down continuously from the
bottom of the glass to the top.
o Benjamin Franklin was the fifth in a series of the youngest son of the youngest son.
o A female ferret will die if it goes into heat and cannot find a mate.
o All the chemicals in a human body combined are worth about 6.25 euro (if sold separately).
o In ancient Rome, when a man testified in court he would swear on his testicles.
o The ZIP in “ZIP code” means Zoning Improvement Plan.
o Coca-Cola contained Coca (whose active ingredient is cocaine) from 1885 to 1903.
o A “2 by 4” is really 1-1/2 by 3-1/2.
o It’s estimated that at any one time around 0.7% of the world’s population is drunk.
o Each king in a deck of playing cards represents a great king from history: Spades = David; Clubs =
Alexander the Great; Hearts = Charlemagne; Diamonds = Caesar.
o 40% of McDonald’s profits come from the sales of Happy Meals.
o Every person, including identical twins, has a unique eye and tongue print along with their finger
print.
o The “spot” on the 7-Up logo comes from its inventor who had red eyes. He was an albino.

o 315 entries in Webster’s 1996 dictionary were misspelled.
o The “save” icon in Microsoft Office programs shows a floppy disk with the shutter on backwards.
o Albert Einstein and Charles Darwin both married their first cousins (Elsa Lawenthal and Emma
Wedgewood respectively).
o Camels have three eyelids.
o On average, 12 newborns will be given to the wrong parents every day.
o John Wilkes Booth’s brother once saved the life of Abraham Lincoln’s son.
o Warren Beatty and Shirley McLaine are brother and sister.
o Chocolate can kill dogs; it directly affects their heart and nervous system.
o Daniel Boone hated coonskin caps.
o Playing cards were issued to British pilots in WWII. If captured, they could be soaked in water and
unfolded to reveal a map for escape.
o 55.1% of all US prisoners are in prison for drug offenses.
o Most lipstick contains fish scales.
o Orcas (killer whales) kill sharks by torpedoing up into the shark’s stomach from underneath, causing
the shark to explode.
o Dr. Seuss pronounced his name “soyce”.
o Slugs have four noses.
o Ketchup was sold in the 1830s as medicine.
o The Three Wise Monkeys have names: Mizaru (See no evil), Mikazaru (Hear no evil), and Mazaru
(Speak no evil).
o India has a Bill of Rights for cows.
o If you sneeze too hard, you can fracture a rib. If you try to suppress a sneeze, you can rupture a blood
vessel in your head or neck and die. If you keep your eyes open by force, they can pop out.
o During the California gold rush of 1849, miners sent their laundry to Honolulu for washing and
pressing. Due to the extremely high costs in California during these boom years, it was deemed more
feasible to send their shirts to Hawaii for servicing.
o American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by taking out an olive from First Class salads.
o About 200,000,000 M&Ms are sold each day in the United States.
o Because metal was scarce, the Oscars given out during World War II were made of wood.
o Over a course of about eleven years, the sun’s magnetic poles switch places. This cycle is called
“Solarmax”.
o There are 318,979,564,000 possible combinations of the first four moves in Chess.
o Upper and lower case letters are named “upper” and “lower” because in the time when all original
print had to be set in individual letters, the upper case letters were stored in the case on top of the case
that stored the lower case letters.
o There are no clocks in Las Vegas gambling casinos.
o The numbers “172? can be found on the back of the US 5 dollar bill, in the bushes at the base of the
Lincoln Memorial.
o Coconuts kill about 150 people each year. That’s more than sharks.
o Half of all bank robberies take place on a Friday.
o The name Wendy was made up for the book Peter Pan. There was never a recorded Wendy before it.
o The international telephone dialing code for Antarctica is 672.
o The first bomb the Allies dropped on Berlin in WWII killed the only elephant in the Berlin Zoo.
o The average raindrop falls at 7 miles per hour.
o It took Leonardo Da Vinci 10 years to paint Mona Lisa. He never signed or dated the painting.
o Leonardo and Mona had identical bone structures according to the painting. X-ray images have
o Shown that there are 3 other versions under the original.
o If you put a drop of liquor on a scorpion, it will instantly go mad and sting itself to death.
o Bruce Lee was so fast that they had to slow the film down so you could see his moves.
o The largest amount of money you can have without having change for a dollar is $1.19 (3 quarters, 4
dimes, and 4 pennies cannot be divided into a dollar).
o The first CD pressed in the US was Bruce Springsteen’s “Born in the USA”.
o IBM’s motto is “Think”. Apple later made their motto “Think different”.
o The mask used by Michael Myers in the original “Halloween” was actually a Captain Kirk mask
painted white, due to low budget.
o The original name for butterfly was fluttery.
o The phrase “rule of thumb” is derived from an old English law, which stated that you couldn’t beat
your wife with anything wider than your thumb.
o One in fourteen women in America is a natural blonde. Only one in sixteen men is.
o The Olympic was the sister ship of the Titanic, and she provided twenty-five years of service.
o When the Titanic sank, 2228 people were on it. Only 706 survived.
o In America, someone is diagnosed with AIDS every 10 minutes. In South Africa, someone dies due to
HIV or AIDS every 10 minutes.
o Every day, 7% of the US eats at McDonald’s.
o The first product Motorola started to develop was a record player for automobiles. At that time, the
most known player on the market was Victrola, which Motorola got their name from.
o In the US, about 127 million adults are overweight or obese; worldwide, 750 million are overweight
and
o 300 million more are obese. In the US, 15% of children in elementary school are overweight; 20% are
worldwide.

o In Disney’s Fantasia, the Sorcerer to whom Mickey played an apprentice was named Yensid (Disney
spelled backward).
o It takes more calories to eat a piece of celery than the celery has in it to begin with.
o 28% of Africa is classified as wilderness. In North America, its 38%.
o Charlie Chaplin once won third prize in a Charlie Chaplin look-alike contest.
o Chewing gum while peeling onions will keep you from crying.
o Sherlock Holmes NEVER said “Elementary, my dear Watson”, Humphrey Bogart NEVER said “Play
it again, Sam” in Casablanca, and they NEVER said “Beam me up, Scotty” on Star Trek.
o An old law in Bellingham, Washington, made it illegal for a woman to take more than 3 steps
Backwards while dancing.
o Sharon Stone was the first Star Search spokes model.
o The sound you here when you put a seashell next to your ear is not the ocean, but blood flowing
through your head.
o More people are afraid of open spaces (keno phobia) than of tight spaces (claustrophobia).
o The glue on Israeli postage is certified kosher.
o There is a 1 in 4 chance that New York will have a white Christmas.
o The Guinness Book of Records holds the record for being the book most often stolen from Public
Libraries.
o Thirty-five percent of the people who use personal ads for dating are already married.
o Back in the mid to late ’80s, an IBM compatible computer wasn’t considered 100% compatible unless
it could run Microsoft’s Flight Simulator.
o $203,000,000 is spent on barbed wire each year in the U.S.
o Every US president has worn glasses (just not always in public).
o Bats always turn left when exiting a cave.
o Jim Henson first coined the word “Muppet”. It is a combination of “marionette” and “puppet.”
o The names of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with (not counting the words
“North” and “South).
o The Michelin man is known as Mr. Bib. His name was Bibendum in the company’s first ads in 1896.
o About 20% of bird species have become extinct in the past 200 years, almost all of them because of
human activity.
o The word “lethologica” describes the state of not being able to remember the word you want.
o About 14% of injecting drug users are HIV positive.
o A word or sentence that is the same front and back (racecar, kayak) is called a “palindrome”.
o A snail can sleep for 3 years.
o People photocopying their buttocks are the cause of 23% of all photocopier faults worldwide.
o China has more English speakers than the United States.
o Finnish folklore says that when Santa comes to Finland to deliver gifts, he leaves his sleigh behind
and rides on a goat named Ukko instead. According to French tradition, Santa Claus has a brother
named Bells Nichols, who visits homes on New Year’s Eve after everyone is asleep, and if a plate is
set out for him, he fills it with cookies and cakes.
o One in every 9000 people is an albino.
o The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
o You share your birthday with at least 9 million other people in the world.
o Every day, more money is printed for Monopoly sets than for the U.S. Treasury.
o Every year 4 people in the UK die putting their trousers on.
o Cats have over one hundred vocal sounds; dogs only have about ten.
o Our eyes are always the same size from birth but our nose and ears never stop growing.
o In every episode of “Seinfeld” there is a Superman picture or reference somewhere.
o If Barbie were life-size her measurements would be 39-23-33. She would stand seven feet two inches
tall and have a neck twice the length of a normal human’s neck.
o Rats multiply so quickly that in 18 months, two rats could have over million descendants.
o Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times.
o Each year in America there are about 300,000 deaths that can be attributed to obesity.
o About 55% of all movies are rated R.
o About 500 movies are made in the US and 800 in India annually.
o Arabic numerals are not really Arabic; they were created in India.
o Title 14, Section 1211 of the Code of Federal Regulations (implemented on July 16, 1969) makes it
illegal for U.S. citizens to have any contact with extraterrestrials or their vehicles.
o The February of 1865 is the only month in recorded history not to have a full moon.
o The Pentagon in Arlington Virginia has twice as many bathrooms as is necessary. When it was built
in the 1940s the state of Virginia still had segregation laws requiring separate toilet facilities for
blacks and whites.
o There is actually no danger in swimming right after you eat, though it may feel uncomfortable.
o The cruise liner Queen Elizabeth II moves only six inches for each gallon of diesel that it burns.
o More than 50% of the people in the world have never made or received a telephone call.
o A shark is the only fish that can blink with both eyes.
o There are about 2 chickens for every human in the world.
o The word “maverick” came into use after Samuel Maverick, a Texan refused to brand his cattle.
Eventually any unbranded calf became known as a Maverick.
o Two-thirds of the world’s eggplant is grown in New Jersey.

o For every memorial statue with a person on a horse, if the horse has both front legs in the air, the
person died in battle; if the horse has one front leg in the air, the person died of battle wounds; if all
four of the horse’s legs are on the ground, the person died of natural causes.
o On a Canadian two-dollar bill, the American flag is flying over the Parliament Building.
o An American urologist bought Napoleon’s penis for $40,000.
o No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, or purple.
o Dreamt is the only English word that ends in the letters “MT”.
o $283,200 is the absolute highest amount of money you can win on Jeopardy.
o Almonds are members of the peach family.
o Rats and horses can’t vomit.
o The penguin is the only bird that can’t fly but can swim.
o There are approximately 100 million acts of sexual intercourse each day.
o Winston Churchill was born in a ladies room during a dance.
o Maine is the only state whose name is just one syllable.
o There are only four words in the English language that end in “-dous”: tremendous, horrendous,
stupendous, and hazardous.
o Americans on average eat 18 acres of pizza every day.
o Every time you lick a stamp you consume 1/10 of a calorie.
o “101 Dalmatians” and “Peter Pan” are the only Disney animations in which both of a character’s
parents are present and don’t die during the movie.
o You are more likely to be killed by a champagne cork than by a poisonous spider.
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o Hedenophobic means fear of pleasure.
o Ancient Egyptian priests would pluck every hair from their bodies.
o A crocodile cannot stick its tongue out.
o Half of all crimes are committed by people under the age of 18. 80% of burglaries are committed by
people aged 13-21.
o An ant always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
o All polar bears are left-handed.
o The catfish has over 27000 taste buds (more than any other animal)
o A cockroach will live nine days without its head before it starves to death.
o Butterflies taste with their feet.
o Elephants are the only mammals that cannot jump.
o An ostrich’s eye is bigger than its brain.
o Starfish have no brains.
o 11% of the world is left-handed.
o John Hancock and Charles Thomson were the only people to sign the Declaration of independence on
July 4th, 1776. The last signature came five years later.
o Rubber bands last longer when refrigerated.
o Peanuts are one of the ingredients of dynamite.
o The national anthem of Greece has 158 verses.
o There are 293 ways to make change for a dollar.
o A healthy (non-colorblind) human eye can distinguish between 500 shades of gray.
o A pregnant goldfish is called a twit.
o Lizards can self-amputate their tails for protection. It grows back after a few months.
o Los Angeles’ full name is “El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora la Reina de Los Angeles de Porciuncula”. It
can be abbreviated to 3.63% of its size: L.A.
o A cat has 32 muscles in each ear.
o A honeybee can fly at fifteen miles per hour.
o Tigers have striped skin, not just striped fur.
o A “jiffy” is the scientific name for 1/100th of a second.
o The average child recognizes over 200 company logos by the time he enters first grade.
o The youngest pope ever was 11 years old.
o The first novel ever written on a typewriter is Tom Sawyer.
o One out of every 43 prisoners escapes from jail. 94% are recaptured.
o The cigarette lighter was invented before the match.
o The average chocolate bar has 8 insects’ legs melted into it.
o A rhinoceros horn is made of compacted hair.
o The shortest war in history was between Zanzibar and England in 1896. Zanzibar surrendered after 38
minutes.
o Elwood Edwards did the voice for the AOL sound files (i.e. “You’ve got Mail!”). He is heard about
27 million times a day. The recordings were done before Quantum changed its name to AOL and the
program was known as “Q-Link.”
o A polar bears skin is black. Its fur is actually clear, but like snow it appears white.
o Elvis had a twin brother named Garon, who died at birth, which is why Elvis middle name was
spelled Aron, in honor of his brother.
o Dueling is legal in Paraguay as long as both parties are registered blood donors.
o Donkeys kill more people than plane crashes.
o Shakespeare invented the words “assassination” and “bump.”
o There are a million ants for every person on Earth.
o If you keep a goldfish in the dark room, it will eventually turn white.

o Women blink nearly twice as much as men.
o The name Jeep comes from “GP”, the army abbreviation for General Purpose.
o Right handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left handed people do.
o There are two credit cards for every person in the United States.
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o Cats’ urine glows under a black light.
o A “quidnunc” is a person who is eager to know the latest news and gossip.
o The first US Patent was for manufacturing potassium carbonate (used in glass and gunpowder). It was
issued to Samuel Hopkins on July 31, 1970.
o Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors, the helicopter, and many other present day items.
o In the last 4000 years no new animals have been domesticated.
o 25% of a human’s bones are in its feet.
o David Sarnoff received the Titanic’s distress signal and saved hundreds of passengers. He later
became the head of the first radio network, the National Broadcasting Company (NBC).
o On average, 100 people choke to death on ballpoint pens every year.
o Michael Jordan makes more money from Nike annually than every Nike factory worker in Malaysia
combined.
o One of the reasons marijuana is illegal today is because cotton growers in the ’30s lobbied against
hemp farmers (they saw it as competition).
o “Canada” is an Indian word meaning “Big Village”.
o Only one in two billion people will live to be 116 or older.
o If you yelled for 8 years 7 months and 6 days, you would have produced enough sound energy to heat
one cup of coffee. If you fart consistently for 6 years and 9 months, enough gas is produced to create
the energy of an atomic bomb.
o Rape is reported every six minutes in the U.S.
o The human heart creates enough pressure in the bloodstream to squirt blood 30 feet.
o A jellyfish is 95% water.
o Truck driving is the most dangerous occupation by accidental deaths (799 in 2001).
o Banging your head against a wall uses 150 calories an hour.
o Elephants only sleep for two hours each day.
o On average people fear spiders more than they do death.
o The strongest muscle in the human body is the tongue. (the heart is not a muscle)
o In golf, a ‘Bo Derek’ is a score of 10.
o In the U.S, Frisbees outsell footballs, baseballs and basketballs combined.
o In most watch advertisements the time displayed on a watch is 10:10.
o If you plant an apple seed, it is almost guaranteed to grow a tree of a different type of apple.
o Al Capone’s business card said he was a used furniture dealer.
o The only real person to be a PEZ head was Betsy Ross.
o There are about 450 types of cheese in the world. 240 come from France.
o When the University of Nebraska Cornhuskers plays football at home the stadium becomes
o Nebraska’s third largest city.
o The characters Bert and Ernie on Sesame Street were named after Bert the cop and Ernie the taxi
driver in Frank Capra’s “It’s a Wonderful Life”.
o A dragonfly has a lifespan of 24 hours.
o In Iceland, a Big Mac costs $5.50.
o Broccoli and cauliflower are the only vegetables that are flowers.
o Newborn babies have about 350 bones. They gradually merge and disappear until there are about 206
by age 5.
o There is no solid proof of who built the Taj Mahal.
o In a survey of 200000 ostriches over 80 years, not one tried to bury its head in the sand.
o A dime has 118 ridges around the edge. A quarter has 119.
o On an American one-dollar bill there is a tiny owl in the upper-left-hand corner of the
o Upper-right-hand “1? And a spider hidden in the front upper-right-hand corner.
o Judy Scheindlin (”Judge Judy”) has a $25,000,000 salary, while Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader
Ginsberg has a $190,100 salary.
o The name for Oz in the Wizard of Oz was thought up when the creator Frank Baum looked at his
filing cabinet and saw A-N and O-Z.
o Andorra, a tiny country on the border between France and Spain, has the longest average lifespan of
83.49 years.
o The microwave was invented after a researcher walked by a radar tube and a chocolate bar melted in
his pocket.
o Mr. Rogers was an ordained Presbyterian minister.
o In America you will see an average of 500 advertisements a day.
o John Lennon’s first girlfriend was named Thelma Pickles.
o You can lead a cow upstairs but not downstairs.
o The average person falls asleep in seven minutes.
o “The sixth sick sheik’s sixth sheep’s sick” is said to be the toughest tongue twister in English.
o There are 336 dimples on a regulation US golf ball. In the UK its 330.
o The Toltec’s (a 7th century tribe) used wooden swords so they wouldn’t kill their enemies.
o “Duff” is the decaying organic matter found on a forest floor.
o The US has more personal computers than the next 7 countries combined.

o There have been over 600 lawsuits against Alexander Graham Bell over rights to the patent of the
telephone, the most valuable patent in U.S. history.
o Kuwait is about 60% male (highest in the world). Latvia is about 54% female (highest in the world).
o The Hawaiian alphabet has only 12 letters.
o In 10 minutes, a hurricane releases more energy than all the world’s nuclear weapons combined.
o At the height of its power in 400 BC, the Greek city of Sparta had 25,000 citizens and 500,000 slaves.
o Julius Caesar’s autograph is worth about $2,000,000.
o The tool doctors wrap around a patient’s arm to measure blood pressure is called a
Sphygmomanometer.
o People say “bless you” when you sneeze because your heart stops for a millisecond.
o US gold coins used to say “In Gold We Trust”.
o In “Silence of the Lambs”, Hannibal Lector (Anthony Hopkins) never blinks.
o A shrimp’s heart is in its head.
o In the 17th century, the value of pi was known to 35 decimal places. Today, to 1.2411 trillion.
o The bestselling books of all time are The Bible (6billion+), Quotations from the Works of Mao Tse-
tung (900million+), and The Lord of the Rings (100million+)
o Pearls melt in vinegar.
o “Lassie” was played by a group of male dogs; the main one was named Pal.
o In 1863, Paul Hubert of Bordeaux, France, was sentenced to life in jail for murder. After 21 years, it
was discovered that he was convicted of murdering himself.
o Nepal is the only country that doesn’t have a rectangular flag. Switzerland is the only country with a
square flag.
o Gabriel, Michael, and Lucifer are the only angels named in the Bible.
o Tiger Woods’ real first name is Eldrick. His father gave him the nickname “Tiger” in honor of a
South Vietnamese soldier his father had fought alongside with during the Vietnam War.
o Johnny Appleseed planted apples so that people could use apple cider to make alcohol.
o Abraham Lincoln’s ghost is said to haunt the White House.
o God is not mentioned once in the book of Esther.
o The odds of being born male are about 51.2%, according to census.
o Scotland has more redheads than any other part of the world.
o There is an average of 61,000 people airborne over the US at any given moment.
o Prince Charles and Prince William never travel on the same airplane in case there is a crash.
o The most popular first name in the world is Muhammad.
o The surface of the Earth is about 60% water and 10% ice.
o For every 230 cars that are made, 1 will be stolen.
o Jimmy Carter was the first U.S. President to be born in a hospital.
o Lightning strikes the earth about 8 million times a day.
o Around 2,000 left-handed people die annually due to improper use of equipment designed only for
PDF generated by PHPKB Knowledge Base Script right handed people.
o The “if” and “then” parts of conditional (”if P then Q”) statement are called the protasis (P) and
apodosis (Q).
o Humans use a total of 72 different muscles in speech.
o If you feed a seagull Alka-Seltzer, its stomach will explode.
o Only female mosquitoes bite.
o The U.S. Post Office handles 43 percent of the world’s mail.
o Most household dust is made of dead skin cells.
o One in about eight million people has progeria, a disease that causes people to grow faster than they
age.
o The male seahorse carries the eggs until they hatch instead of the female.
o The “countdown” (counting down from 10 for an event such as New-Years Day) was first used in a
1929 German silent film called “Die Frau Im Monde” (The Girl in the Moon).
o Negative emotions such as anxiety and depression can weaken your immune system.
o There are seven suicides in the Bible: Abimelech. Samson, Saul, Saul’s armor-bearer, Ahithophel,
Zimri, Judas.
o A mongoose is not a goose but more like a meercat, which is not a cat but more like a prairie dog,
which is not a dog but more like a ground squirrel.
o Stephen Hawking was born exactly 300 years after Galileo died.
o Mercury is the only planet whose orbit is coplanar with its equator. Venus and Uranus are the only
planets that rotate opposite to the direction of their orbit.
o John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and James Monroe died on July 4th. Adams and Jefferson died in the
same year. Supposedly, Adams last words were "Thomas Jefferson survives."
o The Baby Ruth candy bar was named after Grover Cleveland's baby daughter, Ruth, not Babe Ruth
the baseball player.
o Dolphins can look in different directions with each eye. They can sleep with one eye open.
o The Falkland Isles (pop. about 2000) has over 700000 sheep (350 per person).
o There are 41,806 different spoken languages in the world today.
o While many treaties have been signed at or near Paris, France (including many after WWI and
WWII), nine are actually known as the "Treaty of Paris": Seven Years' War (1763), American
o Revolutionary War (1783), French-Swede War (1810), France vs Sixth Coalition (1814), Battle of
Waterloo (1815), Crimean War (1856), Spanish-American War (1898), union of Bessarabia and
Romania (1920), establishment of European Coal and Steel Community (1951).

o Robert Todd Lincoln (Abraham Lincoln's oldest son) was in Washington DC during his father's
o assassination as well as during President Garfield's assassination, and he was in Buffalo NY when
o President McKinley was assassinated.
o The city of Venice stands on about 120 small islands.
o The past-tense of the English word "dare" is "durst".
o Don Mac Lean's song "American Pie" was written about Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and J.P.
o Richardson (The Big Bopper), who all died in the same plane crash.
o The drummer for ZZ Top (the only one without a beard) is named Frank Beard.
o Hummingbirds can't walk.
o When movie directors do not want their names to be seen in the credits, they use the pseudonym
o "Allen Smithee" instead. It has been used over 50 times, starting with "Death of a Gunfighter" (1969).
o Four different people played the part of Darth Vader (body, face, voice, and breathing).
o Pamela Lee-Anderson was the first to be born in Canada on the centennial anniversary of Canada's
independence (7/1/1967).
o There is about 200 times more gold in the oceans than has been mined throughout history.
o William Shatner is credited for being the first person on TV to say "hell" as well as to have the first
o Inter-racial kiss (with Nichelle Nichols), both in episodes of Star Trek.
o While the US government's supply of gold is kept at Fort Knox, its supply of silver is kept at the
Military Academy at West Point, NY.
o Alexander Graham Bell's wife and mother were both deaf.
o Compact discs read from the inside to the outside edge, the reverse of how a record works.
o In the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta, if a man was not married by age 30, he would not be allowed
to vote or watch athletic events involving nude young men.
o Humans and dolphins are the only animals known to have sex for pleasure.
o Pac-Man, Namco's 1979 arcade game, was originally called "Puck Man". The name was changed
when they realized that vandals could easily scratch out part of the letter "P".
o Shakespeare and Cervantes died on the same day, April 23, 1616.
o There are about 7.7 million millionaires in the world (more than 1/1000th of the population).
o The youngest mother on record was a Peruvian girl named Lina Medina. She gave birth to a boy by
caesarean section on May 14, 1939 (which happened to be Mother's Day), at the age of five years,
seven months and 21 days.
o 255 The "middle finger" gesture originates back to 423 BC in Aristophanes play "The Clouds".
o Marie Curie, the Nobel Prize winning scientist who discovered radium, died of radiation poisoning.
o The volume of the Earth's moon is the same as the volume of the Pacific Ocean.
o The first song played on Virgin Radio was born to be wild by INXS!
o A person will burn 7 percent more calories if they walk on hard dirt compared to pavement.
o Polar bear fur is not white, it's clear.
o Yahoo! was originally called 'Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web'.
o It is physically impossible for pigs to look up into the sky.
o How does a shark find fish? It can hear their hearts beating.
o In Ancient Greece, if a woman watched even one Olympic event, she was executed.
o Eighty percent of Americans will be the victim of violent crime at least once in their lifetime.
o During the Gold Rush in 1849, some people paid as much as $100 for a glass of water!
o C3PO is the first character to speak in Star Wars.
o The state sport of Maryland is Jousting.
o The first patented condom was meant to be reused!
o King Kong was Adolf Hitler's favorite movie.
o A sneeze travels out your mouth at over 100 M.P.H.!
o Justin Timberlake's half-eaten French toast sold for over $3,000 on eBay!
o An egg will float if placed in water in which sugar has been added.
o 7,000 new insect species are discovered every year.
o More steel in the United States is used to make bottle caps than to manufacture automobile bodies.
o The Yo-Yo originated as a weapon in the Philippine Islands during the sixteenth century.
o Dolphins nap with one eye open.
o The Atlantic Ocean is saltier than the Pacific Ocean.
o Out of all the senses, smell is most closely linked to memory.
o Here are some interesting, but true facts for general knowledge, that you may or may not have known.
o In 1783 an Icelandic eruption threw up enough dust to temporarily block out the sun over Europe .
o About 20 to 30 volcanoes erupt each year, mostly under the sea.
o A huge underground river runs underneath the Nile, with six times more water than the river above.
o Lake Bosumtwi in Ghana formed in a hollow made by a meteorite.
o Beaver Lake , in Yellowstone Park, USA, was artificially created by beaver damming.
o Off the coast of Florida there is an underwater hotel. Guests have to dive to the entrance.
o Venice in Italy is built on 118 sea islets joined by 400 bridges. It is gradually sinking into the water.
o The Ancient Egyptians worshipped a sky goddess called Nut.
o The world's windiest place is Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica.
o In 1934, a gust of wind reached 371 km/h on Mount Washington in New Hampshire, USA.
o American Roy Sullivan has been struck by lightning a record seven times.
o The desert baobab tree can store up to 1000 litres of water in its trunk.

o The oldest living tree is a California bristlecone pine name 'Methuselah'. It is about 4600 years old.
The largest tree in the world is a giant sequoia growing in California. It is 84 meters tall and measures
29 meters round the trunk. The fastest growing tree is the eucalyptus. It can grow 10 meters a year.
o The Antarctic notothenia fish has a protein in its blood that acts like antifreeze and stops the fish
freezing in icy sea.
o The USA uses 29% of the world's petrol and 33% of the world's electricity.
o The industrial complex of Cuba Tao in Brazil is known as the Valley of Death because its pollution
has destroyed the trees and rivers nearby.
o Tibet is the highest country in the world. Its average height above sea level is 4500 meters.
o Some of the oldest mountains in the world are the Highlands in Scotland. They are estimated to be
about 400 million years old.
o Fresh water from the River Amazon can be found up to 180 km out to sea.
o The White Sea, in Russia, has the lowest temperature, only -2 degrees centigrade. The Persian Gulf is
the warmest sea. In the summer its temperature reaches 35.6 degrees centigrade.
o There is no land at all at the North Pole, only ice on top of sea. The Arctic Ocean has about 12 million
sq. km of floating ice and has the coldest winter temperature of -34 degrees centigrade.
o The Antarctic ice sheet is 3-4 km thick, covers 13 million sq. km and has temperatures as low as -70
degrees centigrade.
o Over 4 million cars in Brazil are now running on gasohol instead of petrol. Gasohol is a fuel made
from sugar cane.
SPORTS G.K
o The first recorded ancient Olympics was held in 776 BC
o The ancient Olympic continued till about 394 BC
o Who is said to be the rather of modem Olympics? Pierre de Coubertin
o In which year did the first modern Olympic Games take place? 1896
o In which year was the International Olympic Committee (IOC) formed? 1894
o The headquarters of the IOC is located at Lausanne.
o Which Olympic Games had to be canceled due to World War-I? 1916
o Who is the International Olympic Committee President? Jacques Rogge
o Which country led a boycott of the 1980 Olympic Games held in Moscow? USA
o The Commonwealth Games were earlier called British Empire Sports Festival.
o When did the 1st Commonwealth Games take place? 1930
o Where was the 1st Commonwealth Games held? Canada
o The Commonwealth Games had to be cancelled during 1942 and 1946.
o Normally the Commonwealth Games are held at intervals of four years.
o In which year were the first Asian Games held? 1951
o Which country hosted the first Asian Games? India
o Hamlet Cup is associated with? Tennis
o Which game is associated with the Walker Cup? Golf
o Asafa Powell (Jamaica) is associated with Athletics.
o Wightman Cup is associated with Tennis.
o What was the former name of Cricket World Cup? Prudential Cup.
o The term “Short Jenney”is associated with Billiards.
o In cricket, Long Top is the position before the bowler.
o Geoff Ogilvy is associated with Golf.
o The term 'Jump Ball' in sports is associated with Basketball.
o The term 'Bogey' is associated with Golf.
o The place 'Epsom' is associated with Horse Racing.
o The term 'Pivot' is associated with Basketball.
o The term 'rook' is associated with Chess.
o The term 'stone walling' is associated with Cricket.
o How many players lake part in each team in a volleyball match played under international rules? 6
o How many players are there in each side in a Baseball match? 9
o What is the duration of each period before and after the ten-minute break in a basketball game? 25
min
o When and where was the game of Volleyball invented? USA. 1895
o How many players are there on each side in a women's Basketball game? 6
o U Thant cups associated with the game of Table Tennis.
o 'Play the game in the spirit of game' was said by Pt Nehru.
o Who was the first to win Wimbledon Singles title five times in a row? Bjorn Borg
o Football (soccer) is said to have originated in China.
o Lawn tennis is said to have originated in France.
o With which sport is the term 'Chinaman' associated? Cricket.
o The ‘Wisden Trophy' is associated with cricket matches played England and West Indies.
o Which sport returned to Olympics in 1985 after 64 years? Tennis.
o Which sport was introduced in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games? Free-style wrestling (women)
o Cricket is the National Game of which country? Australia.
o What is a Golden Duck in cricket? Out on first ball.

o The Olympic Flame was, for the first time, ceremonially lighted and burnt in a giant torch at the
entrance of the stadium at the Amsterdam Games (1928)
o The first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix (France) in1924.
o Who are the famous three W's in cricket? Weekes, Walcott, Worrell.
o Who has been chosen as the Wisden Cricketer of the Century? Bradman.
o Who started the ancient Olympic Games? The Greeks.
o Who has scored the slowest century in tests? Mudassar Nazar.
o Durand Cup is associated with the game of Football,
o Merdeka Cup is associated with Football.
o Who has scored 400 runs (not out) in a Test inningson April 12, 2004? Brian Lara.
o The five intertwined rings or circles found on the Olympic flag made of white silk are from left to
right blue; yellow, black, green and red.
o The Olympic Games are formally held at intervals of Four years.
o Sergei Bubka, an athlete, belongs to Ukraine.
o 'Gambit' is a term associated with Chess.
o Eisenhower Trophy is associated with Golf.
o 'Scratch' is a term associated with Billiards.
o The term 'Smash' is associated with Badminton.
o 'Cape Griz Zen Putney Mort-Lake' is a place associated with Rowing & Swimming.
o 'Tobagganing" is a term associated with Skiing.
o The term 'Steeplechase' is associated with Horse Racing.
o The term 'Ground Stroke' is associated with Tennis.
o 'Bunker and Chukker' are the two terms associated with Polo.
o 'Stymied' is a term associated with Golf.
o The standard distance to be covered in a marathon race in the Olympics is 26 miles, 385 yards.
o The place ''Twickenham' is associated with Rugby Football.
o The trophy known by the name of "Grand Prix" is associated with Motor-racing.
o How many players are there on each side in the game of Basketball? 5.
o The height or the net in the centre of the tennis court is 3 ft. 2 inches.
o The Olympic Flame symbolizes Continuity between the ancient and modern games.
o Leroy Burrel is associated with Athletics.
o Jules Rimet Cup is associated with Football.
o What is the world's oldest sport? Boxing.
o In which game the word 'carom' is used? Billiards.
o In which game the word 'Bull's Eye' is used? Rifle Shooting.
o Davis Cup competition first held in 1900.
o Who was the first woman to win an Olympic goldmedal? Charlothus Cooper.
o For which sport the "Nehru Trophy” is given? Hockey.
o Is Davis Cup, a cup? It is a bowl.
o Where was the Snooker played for the first time in the world? India.
o With which game is the Colombo Cup associated? Football.
o When were women allowed to take part in the Olympics? 1900
o In which game the expression 'Banana kick' is used? Football.
o What is the name of the playing ground where baseball is played? Diamond.
o How many holes are there in a golf playground? 18.
o 'Hurlington' is associated with Polo.
o Which game is called .the king of Indoor games? Carom.
o Who designed Olympic Flag? Pierre de Coubertin
o Wellington Trophy is associated with Rowing.
o Who introduced Volleyball? W.G. Morgan.
o Where Golf was first played? Scotland.
o Where was Ice Hockey started? Canada.
o Where is the largest gymnasium in the world? USA
o Who wrote the book "My Style? Ian Botham.
o Where women’s cricket was first played? England
o When was hockey introduced in the Olympic Games? 1908
o Who composed Olympic motto? Rev. Father Didon.
o Which is the world's fastest game? Ice Hockey.
o Who authored the book "Living for Cricket"? Clive Lloyd.
o The term 'Huff' is associated with Draughts.
o The term 'Tee' is connected with Golf.
o Which is the national sport of Canada? Lacrosse.
o "Subroto Cup" is associated with Football.
o Where is the world's biggest playgroundsituated? Gulmarg
o Where is Ferozshah Kotla Stadium? Delhi
o The term 'Puck' is used in which game? Ice hockey.
o Who published the book 'Bible of Cricket'? John Wisden.
o In which game the term 'Coxswain' is used? Boating.
o The term “Bogey” is associatedwith Golf.
o Who was called "The Sportsman Poet”? Lord Tennyson.
o Water Polo is developed in England.

o Who was John Arlott? Famous cricket broadcaster.
o In Asia, where was Olympic Games first held? Japan
o Which country won the Davis Cup for the first time in the world? USA
o With which game is the Prince of Wales Cup associated? Golf
o .King's Cup is associated with Air Racing.
o How many legs does a billiards table have? 8.
o Olympic Games are played in whose honour? Zeus of Olympus.
o 'Finesse' is term associated with Bridge.
o Who was the first Goldmedalist in the modern Olympic Games? James Beconollyis.
o Paralympics (the equivalent-of the Olympic Games for disabled people) was inaugurated in 1960.
o Where the Olympic flag was first hoisted? Antwerp (Belgium).
o What is the colour of the Olympic flag? White
o Who is called Typhoon in the world cricket? Tyson
o Who created a world record for the maximum number of dismissals in Test cricket as a wicket
keeper? Ian Healy
o Where is the biggest stadium in the world? Prague
o Who became Wimbledon Champion even at the age of 17? Boris Becker
o Who was the only king to win a Gold medal at the Olympics? Constantine
o Who created a world record in Test Cricket batting for the longest time? Jacques Kallis
o Who invented the Googly? Bosanquer
o Ryder Cup is associated with Golf.
o 'Little Slam' is a term associated with Bridge.
o 'Arthur Walker Trophy' is associated with Hockey.
o What is Nelson's Eye in cricket? 111
o Who was the first batsman to be given out by the third umpire? Sachin Tendulkar
o Who wrote the book ' Farewell to Cricket'? DonBradman
o Which West Indian cricketer was known 'Big Bird'? Curtly Ambrose
o "Ever Onward”is the motto of Asian Games.
o The Olympic motto 'Citius, Altius, Fortius' means Swifter, higher. Stronger respectively.
o The First SAF Winter Games were held at Himachal Pradesh (India)
o The term 'Roll-in' is associated with hockey
o The tennis player, Rafael Nadal, belongs to Spain.
o Who is the first bowler taken hat-trick in the first three balls of
o The match? Chaminda Vaas
o The national sport of Turkey is wrestling.
o Shojis a Japanese form of Chess.
o Who is the first cricketer to reach 10,000 runs in test matches? Sunil Gavaskar.
o Soccer World Cup Champion is Spain.
o Next Soccer World Cup to be played in 2014 in Brazil.
o Next Olympic Games are to be played in London in 2012.
o Paralympic games will be held in London in 2012.
o Aquaculture refers to fish-farming or fish culture.
IMPORTANT GK
o Baku is famous for the production of petroleum.
o Blue revolution relates to fish farming.
o Borlaug, Norman Ernest was American agricultural scientist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace
in 1970. He was one of those who laid the groundwork of the Green Revolution.
o Buoy stands for a man serving in any hotel for luggage transportation or as a guide.
o Chakmas are refugees from Bangladesh settled in India.
o Charar-e-Sharief is the Dargah of Sufi saint Sheikh Nooruddin Wali in Kashmir.
o Charminar is located in Hyderabad (India).
o Chernobayl is a Russian city having a nuclear power plant where a tank of readioactive waste exploded
in April, 1993. This explosion is known as “Chernobyl Disaster”.
o Chris Patten was the last British Governor of Hong Kong.
o It is summer season in Australia during Christmas.
o Churchill was PM of U.K during WWII. He is known to have said “ I have nothing to offer except
blood, sweat and tears.”
o Conditioned Reflex is the term mainly discussed in Psychology.
o Cross-breeding is to be done for achieving quick increase in milk production.
o Crystal oscillator is in electric watch, the component corresponding to pendulum of a pendulum clock.
o The production of cultured pearls is an important cottage industry of Japan.
o Debenture is a certificate issued by a company promising the payment of a specified amount at a fixed
rate of interest after a specified period.
o A deflector is a technique of adjusting for changes in price level.
o Desdemona is a character in the Shakespeare’s play Othello.
o Dicky Dolma is the youngest woman climber of Mt. Everest.
o Dr. Watson is a fictional character created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
o Dunkel Draft relates to international trade.

o Dzongkha is the official language of Bhutan.
o E.T.A is a terrorist organization in Spain.
o Elephant’s tusks are called enlarged cartilaginous bones.
o Erasmus was a Dutch writher. His Praise of Folly is still read.
o Esperanto is an artificial international language created to act as world language.
o Euro is the name of New Single European Currency launched on January 1, 1999.
o Every Street is paved with Gold was authored by Kim Woo-Chung, founder of Daewoo.
o Exfoliation is a type of weathering common both in the cold and in the hot climate regions.
o Exit Poll is a term used to denote a post-election survey of voters regarding the candidate in whose
favour they had exercised their franchise.
o The readings of a Fahrenheit and a Centigrade temperature is the same at -40°.
o Gregory Mendel is called the Father of Genetics.
o Fenugreek seeds can benefit a patient of diabetes mellitus by normalizing his blood sugar level.
o Powder-type fire extinguisher is used for petroleum fire.
o India occupies first position in the world in the production of tea.
o It is the President and not the PM who presides over the cabinet meetings in France.
o Sigmund Freud founded the technique of pshychoaralysis.
o Guemica is a painting by Pablo Picasso.
o Ikebana is the Japanese art of flower arrangement.
o Inflation means an increase in the amount of paper money which tends to raise general price level of
commodities. It is a comparative figure showing cost of living, production prices, etc as compared with
a base year. Debtors are likely to benefit by Inflation.
o Zero Rate Inflation obtains necessarily in a year where the annual rate of inflation is constant in every
week of the year.
o ISBN: International Standard Book Numbering is an internation system by which a distinct identifying
number is assigned to each book.
o Jain Commission was associated with probing the conspiracy angle of the Rajiv Gandhi assassination.
o James Bond is a character in the novels written by Ian Fleming.
o Jana-gana-mana is India’s National Anthem.
o Jantar Mantar is an observatory in Delhi constructed in 1724 during the days of Maharaja Jai Singh II
of Amber.
o Thomas Jefferson authored American Declaration of Independence.
o Jurassic Park was directed by Steven Spielberg.
o Kabalega is a National Park of Uganda.
o Kalidas was the greatest of the Sanskrit daramatist. He authored Shakukntala, etc.
o Kalinga Prize is awarded for popularization of science each year by UNESCO.
o Gary Kasparov is associated with Chess.
o Dr. V. Kurein is associated with Dairy Farming.
o Bhutan is called the “Land of Thunder Dragon”.
o Laos is the only land-locked country in South-East Asia.
o Last Supper is a famous Renaissance painting by Leonardo da Vinci.
o Leningrad is a famous town in Russia situated on the bank of river Neva.
o LIBOR is the basic interest rate on interbank loans in London.
o Lifeline Express is the world’s first hospital on rails operated in India.
o G.J. Mendel is known as founder of genetics.
o Meri Ekyaven Kavitayen is collection of poems of Atal Behari Vajpayee.
o Milk is an example of emulsion.
o Missionaries of Charity is the religious order established by Mother Teresa.
o Montesquieu gave the theory of separation of power.
o Mother Teresa was born in Albania in 1910.
o New Moore Island is situated in the Bay of Bengal.
o Parliament of Switzerland is known as Federal Assembly.
o Pasumpatinath temple is in Nepal.
o Photolysis is dissociation of water molecule in the chemical reaction of photosynthesis.
o Pierry Cardin is famous fashion designer.
o Pondicherry is the Union Territory of India which has a legislature.
o India has 16% of world’s population.
o Postal Zone is indicated by the first two digits from left of the Pincode.
o Eyes of potato are used for vegetative propagation.
o Prunning is associated with the cultivation of tea.
o The concept of Public Interest Litigation originated in UK.
o Pulitzer Prizes are awarded to Americans for excellence in journalism.
o Quill feathers are on the wing and tail of birds and are helpful during their flight.
o Red Cross Movement was launched by J.H. Dunant.
o Saw-scaled viper is the only snake that builds a nest.
o Scenes from a writer’s life is the autobiography of Ruskin Bond.
o The average salinity of sea water is 3.5%.
o Gram, Pea and Soyabean group of seeds are richer in protein than Rice and Maize.
o A team of men in opposition to take over the different portfolios in case the party is able to wrest power
is known as Shadow Cabinet.
o Shahtoosh is the finest, warmest and lightest wool in the world produced in Uzbekistan.

o If a ship desires to travel the shortest route, it must follow longitude connecting the two joints b/w
which travel is to be undertaken.
o Vatican is the smallest country in the world in terms of area.
o Snake is a limbless reptile.
o USA is the world’s principal producer of Soyabean.
o Stromboli is a volcano in Sicily.
o Tape worm has no digestive system because it is a saprophyte.
o The Road Ahead is written by Bill Gates.
o Torah is the sacred book of the Parsis.
o United Kingdom consists of England, Northern Island, Scotland & Wales.
o Wheatstone bridge is used to measure resistances.
o In Lawrence of Arabia Nobel Laureate Pearl S.Buck collaborated.
o Length of a terrestrial mile is lesser than that of a nautical mile.
o Bhakta Tukaram was a contemporary of Aurangzeb.
o Universal Product Code (UPC) is adopted against adulteration in eatables.
o Dolby B or Dolby C is printed on tape recorders and other sound systems refers to Noise reduction
circuit.
o The new administrative capital proposed for Myanmar is Pyinmana.
o Bulgaria and Greece are disputing over the historical Macedonian territory.
o Historical materialism is a tenet of Marxims- approach to study mankind with respect to society,
economy and history.
o Lightning is formed when strong opposite charges in different clouds break down the resistance offered
by intervening air.
o John Locke published a famous pamphlet known as ‘Right of Mass’ and urged the people in England,
America and France to fight for their liberty.
o Eli Whitney of America invented the cotton gin that separates seeds from cotton three hundred times
faster that by hand in 1793.
o In terms of the evolution of organism bat is the most advanced among pigeon, shark & vultures.
o Large aperture telescopes are used for greater resolution. Anton van Leeuwenhoek first time saw
bacteria through a microscope made by him in 1683.
o A seed is a ripened ovule.
o Mr. Barack Hussein Obama is America’s 44th President.
o Pea can fix nitrogen from air.
o Exbiology is the study of life or its possibility on other planets.
o Sandy soil is dry in comparison to clay due to Capillary action.
o The framers of the Constitution borrowed the idea of judicial review from the Constitution of USA.
o Savana grasslands are found in Africa.
o The production of cultured pearls is an important cottage industry of Belgium.
o When two organisms exit in such a way that only one is benefited by the other, the relationship is called
Parasitism.
o Qutub Minar made by Iltutmish, Gol Gumbaz made by Mohammad Adil Shah, Buland Darwaza made
by Akbar and Moti Masjid made by Aurangzeb.
o El Nino is associated with world weather.
o The Red Fort was built by Shahjehan.
o 200th anniversary of the scientist in 2009.... Charles Darwin
o BIN is the intelligence agency of.... Indonasia
o Silicon valley in California is famous because of Software Industry
o In 2008 monarchy ended in a country after 240 years... Nepal
o Country celebrating 50th anniversary of communist revolution... Cuba
o Pearl Harbor is in the state of USA.... Hawaii
o The term Intifada means... Uprising
o Hamas was founded by.. Sheikh Ahmad Yasin in 1987.
o Likud and Kaldima parties belong to... Israel
o Cities of Afghanistan border along with Pakistan border......?????
o Which city of Afghanistan produces most opium... Helmand
o Transit trade agreement b/w pak and afghan in....1965
o Oldest organization among OIC, ECO, SAARC and D8 ........OIC
o Tamils are fighting in which are of Srilanka... Jaffana
o Naxalite movement is in ... India
o Teges is the currency of.... Kazakhstan
o Hemmant Thakare was the... Chief of Indian Squad during Mumbai drama
o The Idea of AESM meeting organization was given by a person of country...Singapore....?????
o World Bank president is .... Zollick
o Petticoat government is the government by... Woman
o Brain Drain is.. migration of skilled labour
o Russia is worried about the Missile defence system of US in.....poland and czech republic.
o Russia gives oil to Europe through the route of... Ukraine
o Khar is in ... Bajur
o The word Philately means.. Stamps collection
o Study of Human races.... Ethnology
o Marco Polo was.. Traveler

o East India Company was established during the period of ... Jehangir
o Operation cast lead was the name which killed 1400
o Winner of 8-oscar awards movie in 2008....Slum dog Millionaire
o Madam Tausand museum is in .. London
o 1-metric ton is equal to...1000kgs
o UN spends $8-billion every year on........peacekeeping..??????
o US under agreement of partnership with Pakistan will give .........opportunity zones Recently Pakistan
is aided by 200mw by.. UAE
o Oldest anthem in the world is.... Netherlands
o Hung Parliament is....No single party has the majority
o Country with the largest Kurd population... Iraq
o Country recently elected to IAEA.... Afghanistan
o Country with which Pakistan is having most of his trade.... USA...?????
o Karachi Nuclear Power plant is with the help of ... Canada
o A country closed her station for USA... Kyrgyzstan
o World economic crisis was due to... Housing and mortgage problem in USA
o African Union President.... Moammar Gadhafi Oil company Aramaco is of.. Saudi Arabia
o The country with foreign reserves of above $2 trillion... Japan
o Khmer Rouge was attacked by.... combodia's communist party
o Statement to combat terrorism by task forces.... Zardari
o A place between the seven wonders..???????
o Russian News agency.....Itar-Tass
o Israel peace process with Palestine was stalled....size of Palestinian state
o A person’s name was written and was asked about the organization... red cross, scouts, CNN, etc
o Obama's convoy to Middle East.... John Mitchel
o National Income of the country is...all income earn in year
o Petra is a new archaeological place in the country..... Jordan
o Madhya Pradesh is the largest state in India (by area); Uttar Pradesh (by population)
o Sigmund Freud, physiologist, medical doctor, psychologist and father of psychoanalysis, is generally
recognized as one of the most influential and authoritative thinkers of the twentieth century and the
father of modern psychology.
o The term digital divide refers to the gap between people with effective access to digital and information
technology and those with very limited or no.
o Which gas company of Russia supplies gas to European states? Gazprom
o Which famous character is produced by J.K Rowling? Harry Potter
o Which Railway line connects Pakistan and Iran? The Quetta-Zahedan line connects Pakistan and Iran
by railway
o In which state of USA Hollywood is located? California.
o What is Ivy League? Ivy League is the name generally applied to eight universities (Brown, Columbia,
Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Pennsylvania, Princeton, and Yale) that over the years have had common
interests in scholarship as well as in athletics.
o Which female PM served for the longest period of time in the world? Margret Thature.
o Which member of Gandhi family died a natural death? None.
o Smeary (Dajla & Euphrates), Indian/Mohinjodaro. (Gangies & Sindh) were flourishing at the banks of
the mighty rivers.
o Which of the Mughal emperor is burried outside the present Pak and India territory? Babur at Bag-e-
Babur (Kabul) (Afghanistan) & Bahadur Shah Zafar (Yangoon).
o What is the freezing point of heavy water? Freezing point (°C) 3.82, Boiling point (°C) 101.4
o A pariah state is one whose conduct is considered to be out of line with international norms of behavior.
o What name is given to the place of 9/11? Ground Zero
o Gestapo" was the secret police of which country? Germany.
o Khalil Jibran belonged to which country? Lebanon
o What it is called when Stock Exchange is going down? Bearish
o Akelman desert is in which country? China
o When did Greenwich Meridian Watch start to work? 1884
o What is Evangelicals?
o Which monarchy has recently allowed females to rule?
o Which was the native town of Babar? Farghana
o Who is considered as the Leader of modern Chinese economy? Deng Xiaoping
o When did Crusade begin? 1099
o When for the first time 'Doctrine of Necessity" was used in Pakistan? Mulvi Tameez-ud-din case
o How many zero'z are in 1 trillion? 12 zero
o What Chinese Muslims are called in province ____of China?province= Xinjiang Uygur, muslims
named as = Geys' Mazars
o The conquest of China, begun under Genghis, was completed 65 years later under KUBLAI KHAN.
o How many members were in the UN when it was established? 51
o South Pole is in Antactica.
o Tallest tree is Redwood.
o East Timore got independence from Indonesia.
o Kosovo got indidependence from Yogoslavia.
o Asia’s population is 58.6% of world population.

o Asia size is 29.5% of the world.
o Average temp: on siachen is -40 degree Celcius.
o Siachen means place of wild roses.
o India and Pak: are fighting on Siachen since 1984.
o India launched operation Vidhara on Siachen in 1984.
o Length of line of control is 720 km.
o All parties Huriyat Conference is a party of 23 parties.
o % of Muslims in Jammu & Kashmir is 95%.
o Afghan ruler at the time of USSR invasion was BArbark Kermal.
o Taliban regime came into power in 1996.
o Second largest ethinc group in Afghanistan is Tajik.
o Intifada means uprising.
o PLO established in 1964 its HQ is in Rammalah.
o Al-Fateh was established in 1958.
o PLO was expelled by Jordon.
o Hazbullah means Party of God.
o Yasir Arafat passed away in Paris on 11 Nov: 2004.
o Hamas was formed in 1987.
o Egypet is both in Africa & Asia (Northeastern Africa & Southwestern Asia). Sinai Peninsula is the part
of Egypt that lies in Asia.
o Only African country that remained independent during colonial rule was Ethiopia.
o UAE comprises of 7 states.
o Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980.
o Protectorate state of world is Bhutan.
o Temple of Tooth (Budha’s tooth) is at Kandy.
o Napoleon was exiled to St: Helena in Mediterranean in 1814-15.
o Leif Eriesson reaced North America.
o Columbus discovered South America in 1494.
o Sir Hugh Willoighby & Richard Chancellor discovered White Sea and ocean route to Russia.
o Wiiliam Janszoon discovered Australia.
o Abel Taman discovered Newzealand, Tongo & Fiji in 1642.
o Confucianism is found in China & Taiwan.
o Jesus Christ was born at Bethalhem, Jerusalem.
o Gautam Siddharta Buddha was born in Nepal.
o Shintoism is in Japan.
o Roman Empire was established in 27 B.C by Octavian.
o Mughals ruled India for 331 years.
o Opium war waged from 1839-42 b/w China & Britain.
o Boston Tea Party event is related to American Independence.
o First WW lasted for 4 years.
o Germany was defeated by England in a naval fight in 1916 in battle of Jutland.
o Shortes ever war fought that lasted for 6 days Arab-Israel war.
o First civil war among Muslims was battle of Jamal.
o In 1845 British defeated Sikhs and captured Lahore in the battle of Sabraon.
o Where can you find London bridge today: USA ( Arizona )
o Which animal lays eggs: Duck billed platypus
o What do deciduous trees do Lose their leaves in winter
o How many feet in a fathom Six
o Christopher Columbus sailed in the Nina - Pinta and Santa Maria
o Which leader died in St Helena: Napoleon Bonaparte
o What does ring a ring a roses refer to: The Black Death
o What would you do with a maris piper :Eat it - it’s a potato
o What is the currency of Austria: Schilling
o What is the Islamic equal to the red cross: Red Crescent
o What are Munroes: Mountains in Scotland
o What does an alopecia sufferer lack Hair
o What is a baby rabbit called Kit or Kitten
o Which country had The Dauphin as a ruler France
o What is a Winston Churchill Cigar
o Who or what lives in a formicaries Ants
o It’s a flock of sheep what's a group of owls called Parliament
o What animal would you find in a form- Hare
o John browe minnoch (1941-83) of USA was the heaviest man. He weighed 635 kgs.
o The first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's gum.
o The Mona Lisa has no eyebrows. It was the fashion in Renaissance Florence to shave them off.
o The cigarette lighter was invented before the match
o Every drop of seawater contains approximately 1 billion gold atoms
o The US national anthem actually has three verses, but everyone just knows the first one.
o The total combined weight of the world’s ant population is heavier than the weight of the human
population.
o Buckingham Palace in England has over six hundred rooms

o The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls froze completely solid
o Butterflies taste with their feet
o One of the countries through which equator passes is: Malaysia
o Clocks, which moves with the velocities comparable with the velocity of light, run: with zero velocity
o Humming bird belongs to a category called: Endotherm
o PERT is a technique used for which one of the following? Project Management
o Han myung has become the first woman prime minister of South Korea.
o At which international film festival is the ‘Golden Lion’ awarded to the best film? Venice Film Festival
o Which of the following planets takes nearly the same time for a rotation on its own axis as does the
Earth? Mars
o Who was the founder of the Asiatic Society? William Jones
o Fortis Hospitals chain is an enterprise of Ranbaxy
o The major natural regions of the world are delineated primarily on the basis of temperature, rainfall and
cultivated vegetation
o The agreement between India and China, by which both accepted Panchsheel as the basis of their
relations, was signed in 1954
o Which of the following territories of India was/were invaded by China on November 19, 1962? Ladakh
and NEFA
o Deflation is contraction in volume of money or credit that results in a decline of price level
o Which one of the following is not allied to Geophysical Sciences? Palaeontology
o The conservation of hawks and owls is important to mankind chiefly because these birds eat many
harmful rodents
o the plane of the earth’s equator were not inclined to the plane of
o In which city was the famous black hole: Calcutta
o If you had rubella what would you have caught: German Measles
o La Giaconda is better known as what: Mona Lisa
o Eric Arthur Blaire was the real name of which author: George Orwell
o Which country do Sinologists study: China
o What is Orchesis - either professional or amateur: Art of Dancing
o Whose autobiography was The long walk to Freedom: Nelson Mandela
o Clyde Tombaugh discovered what planet in 1930: Pluto
o Which chess piece could be a member of the church: Bishop
o Which American state is nicknamed The Diamond State: Delaware
o What martial arts name means gentle way: Judo
o Kimberlite contains what precious item: Diamonds
o Which country introduced the world’s first diesel loco in 1912: Germany
o What animals name translates as water horse: Hippopotamus
o Which two metals are alloyed to make pewter: Tin and Lead
o What is the longest river in Italy: Po
o Oil seed rape belongs to which plant family: Mustard
o Zambia and Zimbabwe used to be called what: Rhodesia
o What is the staple food of one third of the world’s population: Rice
o What digit does not exist in Roman Numerals: Zero
o Who was nicknames The desert Fox (both Names): Erwin Rommel
o Which European country is divided into areas called Cantons: Switzerland
o Who created Tarzan (all names) in 1914: Edgar Rice Burroughs
o Who is the only American president elected unopposed: George Washington
o Which countries men use the most deodorant: Japan
o What was the first credit card: Diners Club
o Which country made the world’s first feature film in 1906: Australia Story of Kelly gang
o Where is the world’s largest gold depository: Federal reserve bank Manhattan
o What is 6 inches bigger in Summer: Eiffel tower
o Which 1956 film caused riots in cinemas: Rock around the clock
o From what language does the word alphabet come: Greek -alpha beta
o What was the first film made in cinemascope: The robe
o A pearmain is what type of fruit: Apple
o What did God create on the fifth day (both): Sea creatures and birds
o What were the first false teeth made from: Ivory
o Which leader lives in the Potola: Dalai Lama
o Which country invented the concentration camp: Britain - Boer war
o Scotopic people can do what: See in the dark
o What is the most critical thing keeping bananas fresh transport: Temperature not below 13 C 55F
o What city has Kogoshima as its airport: Tokyo
o What is a baby whale called: Calf
o On what is the Mona Lisa painted: Wood
o Which bird turns it head upside down to eat: Flamingo
o Who rode a horse called Bucephalus: Alexander the Great
o Who invented popcorn: American Indians
o For what is spirits of salt another name: Hydrochloric acid
o What flower is the symbol of secrecy: Rose
o What is the white trail behind a jet plane made from: Ice Crystals

o If you were doing vaccimulgence what doing: Milking a cow
o Who was the Greek goddess of love: Aphrodite
o What is the only creature that can turn its stomach inside out: Starfish
o What is the world’s most popular green vegetable: Lettuce
o Which country had the first women MPs 19 in 1907: Finland
o Which Mediterranean countries orchestra is bigger than its army Monaco
o Where can you buy a copy of Penguin News: Falkland Islands
o Which African country was founded by Americans: Liberia
o What was Britain called - before it was Britain: Albion
o What part of a frog do you rub to hypnotise it: Its belly
o What was the first gramophone record made from: Tinfoil
o which famous person invented the cat flap: Isaac Newton
o What was invented by Dr Albert Southwick in 1881: Electric chair
o Where would you find line of Mars - Girdle of Venus: Palm - lines in Palmistry
o What do Ombrophobes fear: Rain
o Who landed on Timor Island after being cast adrift: Captain Bligh
o A C-Curity was the original name of what common object: Zip Fastener
o What does ludo mean (literally): I Play
o An elephant has 400000 what in its trunk: Muscles
o What colour is cerulean: Deep Blue
o What does Zip stand for in the American Zip Code: Zone Improvement Plan
o Percy Shaw invented what in 1934: Cats eyes
o Which acid was first prepared from distilled red ants: Formic acid
o Milton lost which sense: Sight
o Eiffel designed the Eiffel tower - what was his first name: Gustave
o The Koh-i-Nor is a famous diamond - what does the name mean: Mountain of Light
o What was Britain's first colony (annexed in 1583): Newfoundland
o A skulk is a group of which animals: Foxes
o Who was the Goddess of the rainbow: Iris
o Who was the first actor to appear on cover of Time magazine: Charlie Chaplin
o In which country did the turnip originate: Greece
o Which animals can live longest without water: Rats
o Which fruit contains the most protein: Avocado
o In sailing ship days who often acted as the ships doctor: Cook
o A muster is a group of which birds: Peacocks
o Which country grew the first Orange: China
o Gossima was the original name of what game: Table Tennis
o A kindle is the name for a group of what young animals: Kittens
o Minerva is the Goddess of what: Wisdom
o One person every 6 seconds dies from what: Contaminated water diseases
o The length of what is approximately 1/10th circumference of earth: Great wall of China
o USA has most airports which country has second most: Australia
o In 1829 Walter Hunt invented what common item: Safety Pin
o Who invented punched cards used in early computing 1880s: Herman Hollerith
o 1500 paces was what Roman measurement: League
o Who gave the UN the land in NY to build their HQ: John D Rockerfeller
o Which writer coined the word Cyberspace in 1984: William Gibson –Neuromancer
o What is the oldest known infectious disease: Leprosy
o What was invented in 1855 45 years later than it was needed: Can Opener
o Chogori is better know by what boring name: K2
o Which country has the worlds biggest (on land) National Park: Canada – Wood Buffalo 17300s ml
o What was Edison’s first practical invention: Tick a Tape for stockmarket
o Which company invented the transistor radio in 1952: Sony
o What metal impurity makes rubies red and emeralds green: Chromium
o What is dittology: Double meaning
o Which country invented the mariners compass: China
o How was Alexander the Greats body preserved: In large jar of honey
o What was invented 1903 - patented 1906 G C Beilder: Photocopier
o What country consumes the most coal each year: China
o What does soviet mean: Workers Council
o In which city is the worlds oldest museum - Ashmolian 1679: Oxford
o To what family does the hippopotamus belong: Pig
o In which city is the worlds oldest tennis court from 1496: Paris
o Who said Politics is the art of the possible 11 Aug 1867: Otto Von Bismarck
o In which country did Turkeys originate: USA
o What colour is worn for funerals in Egypt: Yellow
o An Arab horse has less what than other horses: Bones - one vertebra less
o In what country did red onions originate: Italy
o What job did Ernest Hemmingway do in WW1: Ambulance Driver
o What was the name of the Roman God of sleep-Somnos
o What is the name of the four holy books of the Hindus-The Vedas

o What animal always gives birth to same sex twins-Armadillo
o What colour is named after a battle fought in Italy in 1859-Magenta
o What does the name Ghengis Khan mean-Very Mighty Ruler
o What is the most common disease in the world-Dental Caries
o Which country was the first to make seat belts compulsory-Czechoslovakia
o A young what is called an Eyas-Hawk
o In a Gynocracy - who rules- Women
o What type of animal is a markhor-Wild Goat
o What is the last book of the Bible-Revelations
o What historical event was referred to as Black 47-Irish Potato Famine
o Tempera uses water and what to paint with- Egg Yoke
o Which company developed the Laser Printer -Cannon
o The name of which countries capital means good air-Argentina – Buenos Aires
o Which dictator preferred 50,000 rifles to 50,000 votes-Benito Mussolini
o What country was once named New France- Canada
o In which country were modern banknotes first used-Sweden
o What does the syrinx help a bird to do-Sing
o What food item in French literally means twice cooked-Biscuit
o The Titanic has a sister ship - name it-The Olympic
o Halcyon is the poetic name for which bird-Kingfisher
o Which country invented French fried potatoes-Belgium
o The word bungalow comes from which language-Hindi
o What is the Japanese Shinkasen-High speed Train
o What is a revelator-Horizontal Escalator
o Where was Napoleon born-Ajaccio -Corsican capitol
o In the wild what animal pollinates banana plants-Bats
o What color is the Black Box carried in aircraft-Orange
o Allium Sativum is better known as what-Garlic
o What was Madam Curie's husbands name-Pierre
o The USA president lives in the White House - Who Blue House-President South Korea
o What does an aronophobe fear -Internet
o Which world famous landmark is found on Mount Lee? The Hollywood Sign
o The name of which Indian city means Village of Boiled Beans -Bangalore
o What county has its map on its flag-Cyprus
o Lucknow is a city in India - and what other country-Canada
o What invention was nicknamed the Noisy Serpent in 1902-Vacuum Cleaner
o What country has a regiment of bicycle mounted soldiers-Switzerland
o Which animal has legs but can’t walk- Hummingbird
o In what city 1985 was the world’s first computer museum opened-Boston
o Skeleton is derived from Greek - what is its literal translation-Dried Up
o Edward Hunter USA Journalist invented what term Korean war-Brainwashing
o What word in English has the most definitions-Set
o Desire for more cows is the translation what Sanskrit word-War - same in English
o What is the most mentioned name in the Bible-David - Jesus is second
o What is a spermologer interested in- Trivia
o What is 2000 in Roman Numerals- MM
o What is the sacred animal of Thailand-White Elephant
o We have all heard Hari Krishna - what does Krishna mean-Dark as a cloud
o Feline cats - Bovine Cows - Aquiline what -Eagle
o What animal is the symbol of long life in Korea-Deer
o What animal was the symbol of freedom in ancient Rome-Cat
o Time Magazine named what as the Man of the Year 1982-The Computer
o What animals teeth were used as knife blades by the Indians-Beaver
o If you were studying Iatrology what would you be studying-Science of Medicine
o The United Nations in New York were originally where-San Francisco
o In what country is the northernmost point of Africa-Tunisia
o In what film - Charlie Chaplain have his first speaking part 1940-The Great Dictator
o What Prophet in the Bible had a talking donkey-Balaam
o What common word comes from the Latin for who are you-Quiz
o Napoleon had a fear of what - Aelurophobia-Cats
o If you graduate with a degree in music what color tassel wear-Pink
o In the Bible who built the ancient city of Babylon-Nimrod
o What was the first day of the year in the Roman calendar-25th March
o What does Karaoke literally mean -Empty Orchestra
o In what country did stamp collecting start -France
o Where do the White and Blue Niles join-Khartoum - in Sudan
o What are young bats called-Pups
o What plant has flowers but no leaves-Cactus
o Who was the Roman Goddess of peace-Pax
o What is a baby squirrel called-Kit or Kitten
o If you are born in March what is your Flower-Violet

o What is the only word in English that ends in mt-Dreamt
o What country has a Bible on its flag-Dominican Republic
o What is the only number in English that has letters in alpha order-Forty
o What is the name for 100th of a second-A Jiffy
o 10% (by weight) of the world’s land animals are what species- Ants
o The milk of what creature will not curdle- Camel
o What do cockroaches do every fifteen minutes-Fart
o Noah's Ark had two of everything including what feature- Windows
o The Invisible Empire is better known as what-Klu Klux Klan
o The word vinegar come from French meaning what-Sour Wine
o In Saudi Arabia by law women may not become what-A Doctor
o Most blue eyed cats are what-Deaf
o The name of which animal means does not drink-Koala
o Collective Nouns - a Convocation of what-Eagles
o In proportion which animal has the largest eye-Cat
o Collective Nouns - a Cast of what -Falcons
o What European countries flag is square-Switzerland
o What is an octothrope-The # symbol
o Tigers have stripped fur - what color is their skin-Stripped
o What bird has the most feathers per square inch-Penguin
o A dog is canine - what animal is ovine-Sheep
o A cat is feline - what animal is murine-Mouse or Rat
o The Golden Rain is the common name of what tree-Laburnum
o What countries nation anthem is Land of Two Rivers-Iraq
o Queen Alexandria's is the world’s largest what-Butterfly 1 foot wing
o Collective nouns - A train of what -Camels
o Who said "The child is the father of the man"-Wordsworth
o Collective nouns - a streak of what-Tigers
o There are over 130000 species of what on earth-Butterflies
o Azote was the original name of what element-Nitrogen
o What animals cannot swim-Gorillas
o The UIT govern what sport-International shooting union
o There are more telephones than people in what city-Washington USA
o If you landed at Arlanda airport where would you be-Stockholm Sweden
o What country declared itself first atheist state in 1967-Albania – banned religion
o What is the Roman numerals for 3000-MMM
o What are Jean Bernard, Pierre St-Martin and Berger in France-Worlds deep caves
o Dallol Ethiopia has what claim to fame-Worlds hottest
o average place 94-Where are Bay of Heats and Bay of Dew Sinus Aestuum – Roris-Near side of Moon
o What is Canada's oldest city founded in 1608-Quebec
o Narcotics comes from the Greek - what it literally mean-Electric eels - put on foreheads
o Siddhartha Gautama became better known as who-Buddha
o Where was Ice Cream invented- China
o What was Socrates wife's name-Xanthippe
o What order of insects contains the most species-Beetles
o What is Rice Paper made from-A Tree - The Rice Paper Tree pith
o What is Nelson Mandela's middle name-Rolihlahla
o Tenzin Gyatso became what in 1937-Dali Lama
o In what country was Mother Theresa born- Albania
o Reykjavik translates into what-Smoky Bay
o What is Christmas Disease-Mild Hemophilia
o What US state is the magnolia state-Mississippi
o 72% of what country is covered by forest- Finland
o On what are the world’s smallest paintings painted- Pin Heads
o What city used to be known as Baytown-Ottawa
o The Red Rose City has what more common name in Jordan-Petra
o Who does a Filicide kill-Son or Daughter
o What was the first country to recognize the US as independent-Morocco
o And what country won it- Sweden
o What is the world’s most widely eaten fish- Herring
o What was the name of the first presidential aircraft -Sacred Cow
o What flower is the symbol of culture-The Lotus
o In what prison did Nelson Mandela spend 19 of 27 years in jail-Robben Island
o What is Virga-Rain they don’t reach ground
o A Pullicologist is an expert in what-Fleas
o What color is caffeine- White powder
o In what country would you buy Kingfisher lager-India
o Name Australia's highest mountain-Mount Kosciusko
o What was Napoleons mothers name-Laticia
o In what language was The Communist Manifesto written-German
o Monology is the study of what- Stupidity

o What country is the world’s oldest functioning democracy-Iceland
o What country consumes the most fish per capita-Japan
o If you suffered from pyrexia what have you got-Fever
o Nine inches in nautical measure is called what- A Span
o What country drink the most milk per capita-Iceland
o Where was volleyball invented-France
o What is mosquitoes main food-Nectar from flowers
o What killed half the US soldiers in WW1- 1918 Flu Epidemic
o What is the opposite of Plenum-Vacuum
o Where was the world’s first oil well drilled-Pennsylvania
o Who was the pilot in the first fatal air crash-Orville Wright
o There is one gallon of water in every cubic mile of what-Fog
o What capital city translates as Capital City in the native tongue-Seoul - South Korea
o What food are astronauts prohibited before a mission Beans - Farts damage spacesuits
o What does a myrmecologist study-Ants
o Women do it twice as often as men - what -Blink
o first man to set foot on all five continents- Captain Cook
o What gives onions their distinctive smell- Sulphur - taken in when growing
o What animals name comes from the Sanskrit to steal-Mouse – Musha
o What is a Winter Banana -A variety of Apple
o Where are the glasshouse mountains- Queensland Australia
o Mesopotamia means- Between two Rivers
o Only three Angels are named in Bible Gabriel Michael and who- Lucifer
o What animals name translate from Arabic as He who walks fast Giraffe – from Xirapha
o What is in the Red Data Book- Endangered Species
o Who wrote the book - Call of the Wild-Jack London
o What is the name of the scale measuring depth of coma (GCS)- Glasgow Coma Scale
o Which 19th century battle UK / USA fought after peace signed- Battle of New Orleans
o What place is nicknamed "The City of Lilies"- Florence
o In what literary work would you find the yahoos- Gulliver's Travels
o What place was nicknamed "The Pearl of the Orient"-Manilla - Philippines
o Operation Dracula in WWII freed what city- Rangoon Burma
o What countries name translates as lion mountains- Sierra Leone
o In WW2 what was the German codename for invasion of Russia- Barberossa
o FIDE govern what game -Chess
o The density of what is measured on the Rngelmann scale- Smoke
o Who would be scored on the Apgar scale- Newborn Babies
o Geographical dividing line N/S Korea- 38th Parallel
o first American state to enter the union 7 Dec 1787- Delaware Pennsylvania second
o old man in The Old Man and the Sea named Santiago
o unit of sound named after- Alexander Graham Bell - Decibel
o What nationality was first person in space not US or Russian Czech – Vladimir Remek Soyuz 28
o Inspecting Galvanism Groove tells you what- Age of horse – it’s on its teeth
o first space probe to land on the moon 13 Sept 1959 Luna 2
o What fish has its head at right angles to its body- Sea Horse
o In what country is the world’s largest pyramid Mexico – Quetzalcoatl
o What city was known as Christiana until 1925- Oslo – Sweden
o What sea is directly north of Poland- Baltic sea
o What is the name of the cranial bone just above your ear Temporal
o Who led the Soviets when they invaded Hungary in 1956 Nikita Khruschcev
o In astronomy what are rapidly rotating neutron stars called Pulsars
o The word Atom comes from the Greek meaning what Indestructible
o What part of the body is most bitten by insects The Foot
o 90% of bird species are what Monogamous
o countries on 2 continents Russia Turkey (Asia Europe) and Egypt - Africa and Asia
o What are male crabs known as Jimmies
o In WW2 the Germans launched operation Bernhard - what Counterfeit British Notes
o Kangaroos and Emus can't do what-Walk backwards
o What country had three presidents - in the same day-Mexico
o There are 300 distinct different types of what food-Honey
o What country has three capital cities Admin Legislate Judicial-South Africa
o Countries name means Place where one struggles with God-Israel
o Ecuador was named after who / what-The Equator
o The Davis Strait lies between Canada and where-Greenland
o Children take SATs what does SAT stand for-Standard assessment tasks
o A lion and a sword appear on what countries flag-Sri Lanka
o What animals are likely to die first from global warming-Polar Bears
o In the 19th century what was known as inheritance powder-Arsenic – as poison
o What animal has the most taste buds over 27000-Catfish
o What is sometimes nicknamed Adams Profession-Gardener
o What profession makes regular use of vibrators-Potters - remove air from clay

o What part of the body ages the fastest-The Hands
o What is the word Taxi short for-Taximeter
o In medicine what is nicknamed a blue pipe-A Vein
o What sport was called The Royal Sport-Cock Fighting
o What cities underground has the most stations-New York
o Name the Hong Kong stock exchange-Hang Seng
o What is a bandy bandy-A Snake
o What is the fastest creature raced for sport-Pigeon
o The New Testament originally written in what language-Greek
o What is the only Christian country in Asia-The Philippines
o A snake has only one lung.
o Canaan Banana was the first president of where-Zimbabwe
o What hairs are the last to lose their color with age-Eyelashes
o The Black Death came to England from what port-Calais
o What is the currency of Egypt-The Pound
o The town of Banana in Queensland is named after what-A huge bullock
o After English what's the most widely used language on the net-German
o Two thirds of the world’s geysers are found where-Yellowstone Park
o Where were the world’s first paved streets-Rome 170 BC
o The word Angel derives from the Greek meaning what-Messenger
o Name the first film to have its sequel released in the same year-King Kong - Son of Kong
o What's unusual about the moons of Uranus-Named Shakespeare characters
o What color is the number 10 on 10 Downing street-White
o What Olympic event was dropped in 1920-Tug of War -1900 to 1920
o The average child wears out 730 by age ten 730 what-Crayons
o What nation invented the toilet seat- Egyptian
o What is an onychophagist- A nail biter
o Woman's are faster than men's, they usually have more - what-Heartbeats
o The electric light first available product what's second-Electric Oven
o What's the only city today split in two by a wall-Nicosia Cyprus
o What is the Latin word for poison-Virus
o In medicine what is an Anomaloscope used for-Test for color blindness
o In what sport would you find a Tall Tale-Squash - Tin strip ball can't hit
o What is the most redesigned appliance in the world-Telephone Handset
o In Tennis where is the Australian Open played-Flinders Park
o What was the first sport to be filmed -Boxing by Thomas Edison 1894
o What is measured on the Torro scale -Tornados
o Satan is Lucifer but what does Lucifer mean -The Light Bearer
o What does a Grabatologist collect-Ties
o What country has two AK47 assault rifles on its flag -Mozambique
o The Arabs call it Al-Maghreb what do we call it-morocco
o In what country did tulips originate- Persia
o Where would you find a Dry Bible :Heart chamber of a
o Ruminant
o Which mammal has the fewest teeth- Armadillo - none
o An IVP is used to detect what medical condition- Kidney Stones- Intravenous pylori gram
o What color is iridium-Steel Grey
o What's the world’s longest rail journey made no train change Moscow Peking
o Who was called The Man of Destiny-Napoleon Bonaparte
o What word is derived from the Arabic mawsim meaning season Monsoon
o Sicily is the traditional source of which element- Sulphur
o Who was the first person to wear a wristwatch- Queen Elizabeth 1st
o What city is at the mouth of the Menam river- Bangkok
o Ireland and New Zealand are the only countries that lack what Native Snakes
o Who named a city after his horse Bucephalus Alexander the Great
o In Hindu philosophy what does Yoga literally mean- Union
o Who was the founder of Judaism-Abraham
o Which sea is sometimes called the Euxine Sea- Black Sea
o What is a Fata Morgana- Type of Mirage
o What is or was the capitol of Hong Kong- Victoria
o What creature can live up to one year without eating (you?)Bedbug
o The word Sofa comes from the Arabic meaning what Bench
o Which plant gets its name from the Persian for turban Tulip
o What celestial body gets its name from the Greek long haired Comet
o What are the Roman numerals for 505- DV
o In WW1 what were Lucifer's- Matches
o In Animal Farm what was the name of the farm- Manor Farm
o Where was pizza first invented Milan
o In what country did the Sabines live- Italy
o Operation Thunderbolt was the nickname given to which raid: Israeli raid on Entebbe
o The cast iron plant is another name for which pot plantn Aspidistra

o The word Mongol means what in Mongolian- Brave
o In the USA what is Marine One- Presidents Helicopter
o Name the first teddy bear in space- Mishka 1980 Olympic mascot
o Which acid dissolves glass- Hydrofluoric Acid
o What is a half of a half of a half of a half- A Sixteenth
o Airman T E Shaw in WW2 was better known as who- T E Laurence of Arabia
o Hydrosis is the medical term for what -Sweating
o What does per capita literally mean- Per Head
o What country used the ringgit as currency- Malaysia
o On a standard rainbow what colour is on the inside of the curve Violet
o What animal stands for the longest period- African Elephant over 50 years
o Who was the father of Alexander the Great- Philip II of Macedon
o Which country makes the most films per year- India
o In what does a steganographer write messages- Invisible ink
o The martial art tai quon do translates literally as what Kick Art Way
o Who wrote "To err is human to forgive divine" Alexander Pope essay on criticism
o What is the capital of Panama- Panama
o Name the Capital of the Ukraine-Kiev
o In Bradshaws you would find information about what-Railways
o Which countries leader was an extra in Hollywood-Fidel Castro
o BOZ was the penname if which writer-Charles Dickens
o Which spice comes in hands -Ginger
o In the Old Testament what is the first book of Moses-Genesis - first 5 all Moses books
o What is the literal meaning of the title Viceroy-In place of the King
o What word describes one tenth of a nautical mile-Cable
o Men are ten times more likely than women to have what-Colour Blindness
o Oil is the most traded product in the world what is the second-Coffee
o What animals evidence is admissible in US courts-A Bloodhound
o Which country in the world produces the most mangos-India
o 2.47105 acres is equal to what SI unit-Hectare
o The word philosophy comes from Greek literally meaning what Love of wisdom
o In computing what does EPOS stand for-Electronic Point of Sale
o Vanilla is part of which plant family-Orchids
o Name woman set up free birth control clinic in Holloway in 1920 Marie Stopes
o The Wright brothers made aircraft but what was their other job: Bicycle manufacturers
o Which city is the capital of Tuscany-Florence
o What is the opposite of nocturnal -Diurnal
o What fruit does not ripen after picking-Pineapple
o What country consumes the most coffee per capita 25 Lb-Finland
o In the animal kingdom what creatures are in the order—Chiroptera-Bats
o What would you do with a wandering sailor-Plant it it’s a plant
o Germans call a WW1 sea fight Battle of Skagerrak what in UK Battle of Jutland
o Sand, Soda and what are the main ingredients of glass-Limestone
o What color are the seats in the House of Lords-Red - Commons green
o If a doctor gave you an Ishihara test what is he testing-for Color blindness
o Only one miracle is mentioned in all four gospels what is it: Feeding of 5000
o What is the official language of Cuba-Spanish
o What new invention was shown to Queen Victoria 14 Jan 1878:The telephone
o A horses height is measured from the ground to what part :Withers - base of neck crest line
o Who was the last Emperor of France-Napoleon III
o What country does China have its longest land border with: Mongolia
o Where are a whales nipples -On its back
o What is measured in units called jnd-Sensitivity Just Noticeable difference
o A napiform thing is shaped like what-A turnip
o What was the first country in 1824 to legalize Trade Unions-Britain
o What is the world’s longest insect-Borneo stick insect
o The angel shark has what other name-The monkfish
o Which creatures communicate by touch, smell and dance-Bees
o In which country did the study of geometry originate -Egypt
o What was the capitol of Russia before Moscow-Saint Petersburg
o And who designed it-Michelangelo
o What does the DIN number mean on photographic film-Speed of film
o In the body what do the Islets of Langerhans do-Secrete Insulin
o What capitol is on the slopes of the volcano Pichincha-Quito Ecuador
o What is embolia-Hesitations in speech
o Vitamin B2 has what other name Riboflavin
o What is the biggest tourist attraction in Zambia-Victoria falls
o In WW2 what kind of aircraft was a horsa-A glider
o A newborn bactrian camel has how many humps- None
o Where is the world’s largest mine-Carletonville South Africa

o In the Sikh religion what is kesh-Uncut hair or beard
o At Waterloo who commanded the Prussian troops: Marshal Blucher
o Which bird is the symbol of the Royal Society Protection Birds Avocet
o Which microbe produces alcohol-Yeast - alcohol is yeast piss
o In WW2 in what French city did the Germans surrender Reims
o What was Ghandi's profession- Lawyer
o Which is the oldest walled city in the world- Jericho
o What does Magna Carta literally mean- Great Charter
o Who built the world’s first film studio- Thomas Alva Edison
o The word nylon is made up from what- New York – London
o What country is coffee originally from- Ethiopia
o What is the currency of Turkey- Lira
o What does CMOS stand for in a computer- Complimentary metalOxide semi-conductor
o Which worlds city is known as The Golden City: Prague Czech
o Which country contains every type of climate in the world:New Zealand
o In what country was the paperclip invented-Norway
o Where is the only digital rolex watch in the world :Wimbledon centre court
o Where were the original loopholes- Castle walls – arrow firing slits
o What religious leaders name means Sign of God: Ayatollah
o In which country is the Nokia company based- Finland
o What is unique about the pistol star- Brightest in sky
o The Afghan Taliban use which colour of flag- White
o What was Queen Victoria's first name- Alexandria
o In Sanskrit it means House of Snow - what does-Himalayas
o What was the White House formerly known as - Executive Mansion
o Which is the only middle eastern county without a desert Lebanon
o Who invented the word pandemonium - John Milton – capitol of hell
o Which companies name translates as abundant fields: Toyota
o What is the hole in a pencil sharpener called- Chuck
o What is the meaning of Gandhi- Grocer
o What is the most chemically complex food - over 300 chemicals Chocolate
o Which building material gets its name from Arabic for the brick Adobe
o Russia has one but the US has at least six – what: Places called Moscow
o What was Helen Keller's first word- Water
o Which country consumes the most chicken per capita: Saudi Arabia
o What was the distress call before SOS- CQD - come quick Danger
o What does Honolulu mean in Hawaiian- Sheltered Harbour
o Which fruit is the symbol of hospitality- Pineapple
o Which city is built on 118 islands- Venice
o In WW1 what warning device was on the top of Eiffel Tower: Parrots
o What is sometimes referred to as Zulu time- Greenwich mean time
o Nylon was invented in 1934 what product first used it: Toothbrush
o Before 1687 clocks never had what- Minute hands
o What was the most bombed place in WW2- Malta
o The word Utopia from Greek means what-Nowhere
o Which vegetable is 91% water - Cabbage
o Which English word comes from the French for candle: Chandelier
o In which European capitol city is a cannon fired at 1.00 pm daily Edinburgh
o Worldwide most capital cities begin with which letter- B
o What creature is the symbol of medicine- Snake
o Which vegetable is also a flower- Broccoli
o What nationality was Cleopatra- Greek
o A university has a campus what does it literally mean:A Field
o What does the name Dracula mean in Romanian: Son of the Devil
o Whose name translates as Emperor of all-Genghis Khan
o Which country was the first to issue parking tickets:France
o Name the first war submarine invented by David Bushnell it sank Turtle
o In which city was Galileo born- Pisa
o The most common name in the world is Mohammed
o Cats have over one hundred vocal sounds,dogs only have about ten
o There was once an undersea post office in the Bahamas
o There are more chickens than people in the world
o The scientist who designed the first internal combustion engine used to burn low grade fuel. Etienne
Lenoir
o The scientist who asserted the earth to be a huge magnet: Ben Franklin
o The scientist who discovered water.Belinda Mooney
o The scientist who asserted the earth to be a huge magnet: William Gilbert
o All of the oxygen that you breathe has been produced by the splitting of water during __ Oxidative
phosphorylation ___.
o Edible part of tomato is whole fruit.
o One micron is equal to One-thousandth of a millimeter.

o First World War was began on 1914 A.D. and Second World War started in 1939 when Germany
attacked on Poland, it is also considered as greatest war.
o Columbus discovered America on 1492 A.D.
o The Royal Majesty ship Queen Elizabeth (UK) is the largest pessenger ship in the world.It is 314 meters
long and 36 metres wide.
o The Cambodian language is a language which has a total number of 74 alphabets.
o The Sumerian civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization of the world.
o Jericho, situated in the Jorden valley is the oldest town of the world.
o The maximum ever temperature of 136.4 F was recorded on September 13, 1922 in the city Azizia
(Libya) and the minimum temperature of -129.6 F was recorded in the town of Vostok near Antarctica
on 24th august, 1960.
o The highest rainfall for one month was recorded at Indian town of Cherapoonje. 366, 14 inches rain
fell there during the month of july 1861.
o Sierra Leone has the lowest GDP per capita of 510 US dollars and Luxembourg has the highest GDP
per capita of 36,400 US dollars.
o The Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 A.D) was the first Muslim dynasty.
o Light is the fastest thing in the universe. It travels at a phenomenal speed of 187,000 miles per second.
o According to the Forbes magazine, there were 311 individual billionaires in the world. Out of these,
108 belonged to USA, 44 belonged to Germany and 34 were Japanese.
o The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.
o La Paz,capital city of Bolivia (south America), is situated at an altitude of 3631 meters (12087 feet)
from the sea level.
o The present palace of sultan of brunei in the capital city of bandar seri begawan consisting of 1788
rooms is the largest palace.
o Mahavira(founder of Jainism)and Gautama Buddha (founder of Buddhism) were contemporaries and
flourished in India in the 6th century B.C.
o The three pyramids of Egypt were built from 2700 to 2500 B.C., these are tombs of Khufu, khafra and
menkaura.
o The great wall of china was completed in 204 B.C.it is 1500 miles long.Its average height is 25 feet and
about 12 feet wide at the top.
o The city Rome was founded in 753 B.C. by romolus.
o The Muslim rule of Spain lasted from 711 to 1492 A.D.
o The statue of liberty (new York) was installed in 1886.It is 151 feet one inch high from the base to
torch.
o The world is divided into 24 time zones, each 15` longitude wide. The longitudinal meridian passing
through Greenwich, England is the starting point and is called the prime meridian.
o Christopher Columbus discovered Bahamas on 12 Oct 1492 A.D.
o The world famous golden gate bridge is located in San francisco(usa).
o Russia invaded Afghanistan on dec 27, 1979.
o Hong Kong was returned to china on july 1, 1997.
o Eritrea became an independent state on May 24, 1993.
o A billion contain 1000 million. It has 9 zeroes. Similarly a trillion has 12 zeroes,a quadrillion 15 zeroes,
a quintillion 18 zeroes and a decillion 33 zeroes.
o One inch is equal to 2.5400 cms and one mile is equal to 1.6093 kms.
o About half of the world population speaks Indo-European languages. The Indo-European branch to
which English belongs is Germanic.
o The original inhabitants of USA are known as Red Indians.
o Out of the 193 sovereign independent nations of the world 147 are republics and other 46 are under
personal rules (14 kings,1 emperor,3 queens,7 hereditary sheikhs,1 grand duke,2 sultans,1
constitutional monarch etc).
o Gwadar became a part of Pakistan on September 9,1958.
o All India Muslim league was formulated on December 30,1906 and first president was Sir Agha Khan.
o Afghanistan got independence on 19th aug 1919.
o Air conditioner invented by "willis H. carrier"U.S. in 1902.
o Camera (photographic) has been invented by "Joseph N. Niepce"france in 1822.
o Sunlight is composed of seven colors
o "Braille system" is used for the education of Blind.
o Louses Braille of France made it possible for the blind to read and write.
o Blue color has shortest wavelength
o Protein is a natural polymer
o The paper currency first introduce by china
o Redwood or Giant Sempervirens is the tallest tree in the world. It rises up to a height of 111 metres
(366 feet’s).
o Pakistan-Afghanistan border ' Durand line ' was drawn in 1893 by Sir Mortimer Durand and
Afghanistan`s ruler Abdu Rahman khan.
o Asian Development Bank was established on 16th Jan, 1999.
o Radcliff was a lawyer by profession.
o In 1945, Hiroshima was the first city Atom bomb dropped.
o Leo Tolstoy was the political guru of Gandhi.
o South Africa is the country which has three capitals.

o All-India Muslim league was established in 1906 and Quaid-e-Azam joined in 1913.
o The lowest per capita income in the Muslim world is of Somalia.
o United Nations spends a lion`s share of its budget on Refugees rehabilitations
o A piece of land surrounded by water on three sides is known as “peninsula ".
o The density of population usually measured in person per sq. km
o The Eifel tower was built by Alexander Eiffel
o The Red Cross was founded by Jean Henri Durant
o The first Republican President of America was Abraham Lincoln
o The country famous for Samba dance is Brazil
o The name of Alexander's horse was Beucephalus
o Singapore was founded by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
o The famous British one-eyed Admiral was Nelson
o The most famous painting of Pablo Picasso was Guermica
o The first woman Prime Minister of Britain was Margaret Thatcher
o The sculptor of the statue of Liberty was Federick Auguste Bartholdi
o John F.Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harry Oswald
o The first British University to admit women for degree courses was London University
o The country known as the Land of Thunderbolts is Bhutan
o The literal meaning of Renaissance is Revival
o Julius Caesar was killed by Brutus
o The title of Desert Fox was given to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel
o The word `Quiz' was coined by Jim Daly Irishman
o The original meaning of `Quiz' was Trick
o Adolf Hitler was born in Austria
o In the year 1811,Paraguay became independent from Spain
o The cross word puzzle was invented by Arthur Wynney
o Slavery in America was abolished by Abraham Lincoln
o The famous Island located at the mouth of the Hudson river is Manhattan
o The famous painting `Mona Lisa'is displayed at Louvre museum,Paris
o The earlier name for tomato was Love apple
o The famous words `Veni Vidi Vici'were said by Julius Caesar
o Disneyland is located in California ,USA
o Archimedes was born in Sicily
o The famous General Motors company was founded by William Durant
o The country that brings out the FIAT is Italy
o The White House was painted white to Hide fire damage
o "History is Bunk"was said by Henry Ford
o The term ``astrology' literally means Star Speech
o Togo is situated in Africa
o The first ruler who started war games for his soldiers was Genghis Khan
o The first talkie feature film in USA was The Jazz Singer
o The name of the large clock on the tower of the House of Parliament in London is called Big Ben.
o Prado museum is located in Madrid
o The number of keys in an ordinary piano is Eighty eight
o `Man is a Tool Making Animal' was said by Benjamin Franklin
o The term 'anesthesia ‘was coined by Oliver Wendell Holmes
o Number of schools of thoughts is 52.
o Farat valley is in Iraq.
o Notre Dom is located in Paris (France), it is a church.
o Jodrell Bank is located in Great Britain, it is famous for its Space Observatory.
o Micronesia is located in Asia.
o Blue Mosque is in Istanbul.
o Bastille was a jail in Paris, it was destroyed during the French Revolution on 14th July 1789.
o Camp David is famous for Camp David Accord, which took place between Egypt and Israel. It is
located in USA.
o Jaffna is the headquarters of LTTE guerillas in Sri Lanka.
o Akal Takht is a place of confession of Penance in the Golden Temple complex, it has been the spiritual
and temporal seat of authority of Sikh since 1906.
o Hanging garden of Babylon is situated in Baghdad and was planted in 603 B.C; this is included in seven
wonder of the world.
o Leaning tower of Pisa, it was built in 12th Century, it is located in Italy.
o Aleppo is located in Syria.
o The famous Empire State Building in located in New York.
o Bermuda Triangle is in Caribbean region.
o Bermuda is the colony of UK.
o Eiffel tower of Paris was built in 1887-89 by Gustav Eiffel, 986 feet high, now used as a winders
stations.
o Lumbin is the birthplace of Gautama Bodh, it is in Nepal.
o Dehro Dun is located in UP (India), it is famous for its military academy.
o Yellow Stone National Park is in USA.

o Golan Heights are located in Syria.
o The Indonesian island Bali is famous for Temples.
o Great Wall of China can be seen from the moon, the total length of the wall is 1684 miles or 6000 kms,
it was built in the reign of Shih Huang-ti (246-210) BC.
o Abu Simbal is the famous temple in Egypt.
o Adam’s bridge is 17 miles long line of rock and sand bank between India and Sri Lanka.
o Mermaid Statue is in Copenhagen.
o Temple mount is located in Jerusalem.
o Buland Darwaza is situated near Agra its height is 176 feet.
o Olympia is a place with temple of Zeus and Hera.
o Jordan is an Islamic country which has boundary with many countries.
o Break up of Germany occurred on 1945 and merger on Oct 3, 1990.
o Iraq occupied Kuwait on 2nd Aug 1990.
o Indonesia has 3000 islands.
o Japan is an archipelago.
o Namibia is administrated by South Africa.
o UAE is the federation of 7 Emirates.
o Bosnia Herzegovina became independent on Jan 17, 1996.
o USA president tenure is of 4 years.
o Kosovo mostly consists of Albanian Muslims.
o Baltic States is the name given to the European countries like Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
o Spanish is the official language of Argentina.
o The majority of Japan’s Population is by religion Shinto.
o The term Boxer Rebellion is associated with China.
o Philippines comprises of 7000 tropical islands.
o Aukland and Christ Church are the major cities of New Zealand.
o Melbourne is the capital city of Australian city Victoria.
o Berlin was approved as a capital on 20th June 1991.
o Manchester is the city of Great Britain famous for textile industry.
o Toronto is in North America.
o Sao Paulo is the largest city of South America.
o Alexandria is the famous city of Egypt, it is also an important sea port.
o The criminals of the Second World War were trailed in the city of Nuremburg.
o Kobe is a Japanese city and port heavily bombarded in World War-I, serious earthquake hit in 1997.
o Hague is the city of Holland.
o Mauna Loa (USA) is the largest active volcano of the world.
o Robert Mugabe is the personality of Zimbabwe.
o Newton was of English Origin.
o George Bush is 44th US president and 15th to be elected twice.
o Greatest number of spacewalk (10) is held by Alexander Serebrov of Russia.
o Goethe was German in origin.
o Hazrat Bullay Shah was a famous Sufi poet of Punjabi language. His tomb is in the city of Kasur.
o Haroon ur Rashid belonged to Abbasid dynasty.
o Shakespeare was of Great Britain.
o Firdusi was a Persian poet.
o President Roosevelt of USA delivered his famous Four Freedoms speech in 1941.
o 1993, Madam Tansu Cillar became prime minister of Tukey.
o Luther King is associated with the reformation movement.
o Duke of Wellington was of England.
o F.D Roosevelt was elected as president for three times.
o Pablo Picasso was born in Spain and settled in Paris.
o Slobodan Milosevic belonged to Yugoslavia.
o Michael Keamay of USA graduated at the age of 10 years.
o The name of American magnate Rockefeller is related to Iron Industry.
o Famous Lady Helen Keller belonged to US.
o The American general who acted as the supreme commander of Allied forces in Europe during the
Second World War was D.D Eisenhower.
o Ajmeer is fomous for a sufi saint’s tomb named Khawaja Moin ud Din Chisti.
o Lloyd George of Great Britain represented in treaty of Versailles.
o Germany remained in grip of allied occupation from 1994 to 1952.
o British rules over India about 90 years.
o Shogun period (1603-1867) is related to Japan.
o There are 5 lending religions in the world.
o Christians faced stiff opposition from Romans.
o Worst explosion, Dec 3, 1984 occurred in Bhopal (India).
o 1500- Value colossus was the first programmable computer of the world. It was put to use in Dec 1943
in UK.
o The ancient Chinese were great scientists and invertors, they invented magnetic compass during Hun
dynasty.
o On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldren landed on the moon.
o In Opium war Britain fought against China.

o Gulf war Jan 1991 stopped in Feb 28, 1991.
o Iran-Iraq was started in Sep 1980 and ended in Aug1988.
o Soviet Union Officially broke up on Dec 26, 1991.
o At the end of Second World War in 1945, Germany was divided among 4 major powers.
o Fighting broke out between Greeks and the Turks in July 1974.
o Akbar the great ruled the India from 1556-1605 A.D.
o Before Independence East Timor was being ruled by Indonesia.
o Shah Barendra family was assassinated in Nepal 2 June 2001.
o Imam Ayatullah Khumani Brought about an Islamic revolution in Iran by ousting Shah Reza Shah in
the year 1979.
o The famous British Naval commander, who defected the French Naval Fleet at Nile in 1788 and at
Trafalgar in 1805 was Horatio Nelson.
o Columbia Space shuttle broke up on re-entry to Earth on Feb 1, 2003.
o Doer war fought between South Africa and British.
o Han Dynasty was in China.
o People’s Republic of china gained its independence in 1949 under the leadership of Mao-Zedong.
o In China the Cultural Revolution lasted from 1966-1969.
o Sumerian Civilization were settled in Euphrates and Tigris regions.
o Hanover dynasty belonged to Great Britain.
o Great Wall of China was built in 204 BC.
o Hapsburg dynasty, Weimer republic, Third Reich belongs to Germany.
o USA dropped an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6th August 1945.
o Delhi Sultans were end of Lodi Dynasty.
o Civil War of USA lasted from 1861-1865.
o Hong Kong was returned to china on 1 July 1997.
o Glorious Revolution in England took place in 1688. A.D.
o Iraqi general who brought about military revolution in Iraq by ousting kind Faisal on 14th July 1958
was Abdul Karim Qasim.
o A French economist named Francois Quesnay proposed the concept of Laissez-Faire in the 18th
Century.
o The name of Mesopotamia was changes to Iraq in the year 1935.
o American war of Independence started in 1776 and came to an end in 1783.
o In 1982 the Falklands war was fought between Britain and Argentina.
o Sadam Hussain Became President in 1979.
o After breakup Grobachev became president of USSR.
o Pearl Harbor incident took place on 7th Dec 1941.
o The currency Euro was launched on 1 Jan 1999.
o In April 1986 the place named CHERNOBYL gained world fame due to accident in Atomic Reactor.
o Alexander died in Babylon in 322 B.C.
o Berlin Wall kept East and West Germany divided for 28 years. It was dismantled by East German Gov.
on Nov 18th 1989.
o Mohen jo Daro was founded by Sir John Marshall, also known as mound of dead. The people residing
there were traders by profession. There is found of statue of bull, which denotes that people were
worshippers of it.
o Taj Mahal is locted in Agra, the white marble mausoleum built by shah Johan in the memory of his
beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal in 1529. It was designed by Shiraz (Iranian Architect) over twenty years.
o Taxilla is the ancient city of the province of Punjab. It is the site of ancient archeological excavation.
o The place named Normandy became worlds famous due to the D.Day landgin during the Second World
War on 6th June 1944. Normandy is located in France.
o After the First World War the Dawes Plan was launched in year 1924.
o Industrial Revolution first started in Britain.
o After the First World War (1914-18) the Allies signed a treaty of Sevres in 1920 with Turkey.
o The Marshal Plan was announced on 5th June 1947 at Harvard.
o Statue of liberty is 151 feet tall. It is made of copper, located in the Liberty Island in New York. It was
presented by France to US. It unveiled in 1886.
o The original residents of India before the arrival of the Aryan were Dravidians.
o Romulus founded the city of Rome in 753 B.C.
o Buddhism is non-theistic religion.
o Majority of the population of Vietnam comprise of Buddhist.
o Naval Missile Brahmos Cruise Missile is an Indian Missile.
o Cambodian language has 74 Alphabets.
o China’s population is about 1261 million.
o Hellas is the word appears on the postage stamp of Greece.
o A group of Nightingales is called a Watch.
o Young fish is called fingerling.
o Joey is the kind of Kangaroo.
o Gam of Whales.
o Northern Europe is known with Scandinavian Region and Nordic Region.
o Countries Area wise-Russia-Canada-China-USA-Brazil.
o 250 children born every minute.
o AAA, Agricultural Adjustment Act is related to President Roosevelt.

o Currently out of the world’s population the Muslims are one fifth.
o Virtue party belongs to Turkey.
o The Gurkhas are the original inhabitants of Nepal.
o Federal system has central and provincial government.
o The international customary laws which allow states to punish as offender are known as criminal Juris
Gentium.
o The term “In Camera” is used for the trial of case when case is heard without reporting to public.
o Latin term De Jure means by Law.
o The word Iron Curtain was used by Winston Churchill.
o Reconciliation means when third party investigates and suggests a solution to a dispute.
o In literacy term the dramatic work with aims at exciting laughter is called Farce.
o Aquiline is for eagle.
o Bovine is for cattle.
o Canine is for dog.
o Caprine is for goat.
o Corvine is for crow.
o Equine is for horse.
o Feline is for horse.
o Leonine is for cat.
o Lupine is for wolves.
o Ovine is for sheep.
o Pavonine is for peacock.
o Psittacine is for parrot.
o Simian is for apes, monkey.
o Ursine is for bear.
o Vulpine is for fox.
o Gallup poll is the method of assessing public opinion through representative expression of opinion of
cross reaction of the population of a country.
o Tax on import and Export is called Tariff.
o Antwerp is called by the name of key to the common market.
o Stone Age is also known as Paleolithic period.
o Orangutan means man of the woods.
o Sugar Island is the located at the confluence of Ganga and the Bay of Bengal.
o Agraphia means inability to write.
o King Faisal is called “The Islamic Coordinator”.
o The creator of “Mona Lisa” belonged to Italy.
o The Labor party believes in Socialism.
o The US Senate comprises 100 members.
o “Warsak Dam” has been built on the River Kabul.
o 5 June is known as World Environment Day.
o “The Sun also rises” is written by Earnest Hemingway.
o Black Death reaches England in 1348.
o Intifada denotes Palestinian uprising.
o Caucasus is situated between Caspian and Black Sea.
o Kabul in the largest city of Afghanistan.
o Akbar was died at Agra in 1650.
o In 1783 Britain acknowledged the independence of USA.
o The term cartel refers to Unity of parties, factions or nation in a common cause.
o Term the belief in the “rightness” of rule is legitimacy.
o Tyranny is the form of government in which one person rules arbitrarily.
o Barbers invaded North Africa before Arabs.
o Popular name of Canada is Land of Maple.
o American’s parliament is Congress.
o Largest oil company belong to USA is The Ecxon Corporation.
o New name of Lyallpur is Faisalabad.
o Indian city, Ahmedabad, is associated to textile industry.
o ‘National People’s Assembly’ belongs to Algeria.
o Aeroflot is Russia’s airline.
o Bakhtar is the news agency of Afghanistan.
o Croix de Guerre is the highest military award of France.
o The currency of Syria is pound.
o Som is the currency of Uzbekistan.
o Machiavelli was born in Florence.
o Montesquieu wrote ‘the spirit of laws’.
o Rousseau was born in Geneva.
o Bentham is the father of utilitarianism.
o Lenin was a Bolshevik leader.
o Hitler’s theory of the state is known as National Socialism.
o John Locke advocated basic human rights.
o Montesquieu was a political sociologist.
o Mao joined communist party in 1921.

o Cease fire between Iran and Iraq took place in 1988, by the intervention of U.N.
o 8 furlongs make one mile.
o Balloki barrage is located on Ravi.
o Loan to a corporation is ‘debt funding’.
o Khadija Mastoor wrote Angan.
o Imam Ghazali is the author of Ihya-ul-Uloom.
o Boxing is called ‘noble art of self defence’.
o 50 nations are there in Africa.
o Fort Monroe is located at Suleiman hills.
o Derawar fort is located in Cholistan Desert.
o Relli is the name of a game.
o Al Beruni discovered that light travels faster than sound.
o Due to buffer system, human blood has a ph of 7.4.
o General secretariat of the European parliament is in Luxemburg.
o On 2nd August, 1990, Iraq occupied Kuwait.
o The term ‘intifada’ means uprising.
o The city of Jerusalem is known as ‘Al Quran’.
o Headquarter of PLO is in Tunisia.
o In East Jerusalem ‘wailing wall’ is a sacred place of Jews.
o Hindenburg line is a boundary line between Poland and Germany.
o Changa Manga, part of Punjab, is famous for Sheesham Timber forest.
o The shape of the baseball is
o Karl Marx belonged to Germany.
o ‘Bear’ is a symbol of Russia.
o ‘Tripitak’ is the holy book of Buddhists.
o Duke Wellington won the battle of Waterloo.
o King Faisal was shot dead by his nephew in 1975, in the city of Riyadh.
o Nepal is the only Hindu state in the world.
o Indus Valley civilization was destroyed by Aryans.
o Samudar Gupta is called ‘Napoleon of India’.
o The theme of the famous play ‘Caesar and Cleopatra’ by G.B. Shah is a History.
o Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery in America.
o The reign of Razia Sultana lasted for 3 years.
o ‘Gita or Vedas’ are the holy books of Hindus.
o Holy prophet (PBUH) had been poisoned by a Jewish hostess at the time of the conquest of Khyber.
o Khalid bin Waleed had been titled as ‘saif-ullah’.
o Iraq is called the ‘site of ancient civilization’.
o Uqba-bin-Nafah is called ‘Muslim Alexander’.
o ‘Lords’ is famous a cricket ground in England.
o During the civil war the supporter of the parliament came to be called Roundheads- supporters of
OLIVER CROMWELL and the parliamentarians against KING CHARLES 1 during the ENGLISH
CIVIL WAR.
o The queen can do no wrong means the queen is immune from the jurisdiction of law.
o The federal government of the USA came into existence on 30th April, 1787.
o In America the residuary powers are vested in the states.
o Virginia, one of US states, is called the MOTHER OF PRESIDENTS.
o The term of a US senator is 6 years.
o The anti-federalists later on assumed new name ‘CAVALIERS’.
o Republican Party was founded by Alexander Hamilton.
o The American president Mr. Roosevelt was elected for four times.
o The American declaration of independence was issued in 1783.
o Waris shah is called the ‘Shakespeare of Punjabi literature’.
o ‘The pharos of Alexandria ‘, an ancient wonder, was situated in an Island near Alexandria was a light
house.
o The poetry of Jalal-ud-Din was in Persian language.
o Aibak died while playing game, POLO.
o General Rommel is called ‘desert fox’.
o PM Indira Gandhi was assassinated by Sikhs in 1984.
o Faiz Ahmed Faiz is the only Pakistani poet who got ‘LENIN PRIZE’.
o ‘Blue mosque’, also known as the mosque of ‘Sultan Ahmad’, is the only mosque in the world that has
six minarets, and it is situated in Istanbul.
o Omar bin Abdul Aziz was a caliph of Umayyad dynasty.
o Mizzini was known as the ‘the prophet of Italian Unification’.
o Baba Farid Gang Shakar was the first Punjabi poet.
o National game of Switzerland is skiing.
o UAE consists of seven independent states. Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Fujaira are three of the seven states.
o Safety stock of the grains hold by the government is ‘overhead stock’.
o General sales tax, under the constitution 1973 is a Federal subject.
o Abdur Rasheed was the first chief Justice was the first chief justice of Pakistan.
o Zafarullah khan was the first foreign minister of Pakistan.
o House of lord is the final court of appeal in England.

o Two terms tenure of US parliament was fixed in 1951.
o The federalists later on assumed new name, Republicans.
o The lower house of France consists of National assembly.
o ‘Cherie Blaire’ is the 1st day of England.
o All light waves have same frequency.
o Buddhism accounts for 100% total population in Bhutan.
o Mauritius is the part of the world that is known as ‘star and key of the Indian ocean’.
o Tower of silence is Place where dead remains of followers of Zoroastrian are placed after funeral rituals.
o Who was Bismarck: German Politician and statesman?
o Shale is not a metamorphic rock.
o Shah Jehan is called the ‘master builder’.
o Big Ben is a clock placed on British parliament.
o Pristine is the capital of Kosovo.
o To show the distribution of people of Pakistan we should use ‘Do method’.
o Hieroglyphics is the script of Nile Civilization.
o General Sherman is a living old tree in California State of U.S.
o After persistent decay, radium would be finally changed into Lead.
o World's largest delta is in Bangladesh.
o Grand Canyon National Park in U.S.A. is located in the State of Arizona.
o Marseilles is the seaport of France.
o Robindranath Tagore was A Bengali novelist.
o Who wrote 'Muslim Sufferings under Congress Rule':Maulvi Fazlul Haq.
o Sindh Sagar is between the rivers of: Indus and Jhelum.
o Nanga Parbat is commonly known as: Killer Mountain.
o Who invented CD.? (Compact Disc: James T. Russell.
o Bio-diesel is prepared: From oilcake.
o Videotape used in camcorders to record audio and video signal employee Fine grains of Iron oxide.
o The real brother of Hazrat Yousuf A.S was Bin-Yamin.
o The founder of Falmid dynasty was Al-Mahdi.
o Insulin drug was discovered by Paul Langerhans.
o Taliban movement in Afghanistan emerged from Kandhar.
o Largest coal deposits have been discovered in which Taluka of Sindh Province: Diplo.
o Kalhora rulers of Sindh were originally Hashmi Sayeds.
o Nubian Monuments are located in Egypt.
o Pakistan's largest oil fields are located in District Badin.
o The first American Astronaut to go into space was Allen Shepherd.
o Annual Census in Pakistan is carried out every 10th year.
o Shaheed Benazir Bhutto became first woman Prime Minister of Pakistan on December 2, 1988.
o The D-Day operation during IInd World War was launched on the coast of Normandy.
o Speed of sound in air is? 1200 KM/Hour
o How many planets are is solar system? 8
o Which cell does not have a nucleus? RBC
o Abusive Drug Which Cells of Body Most Effected? Brain
o Crime rate is? 1,000 persons per year
o Who killed Abu-Jahal? Maaz & Mauz
o Pakistan Falls in? Golden Triangle
o Major export of Pakistan is? Cotton
o On US map Alaska State is on? Away from mainland
o British occupied Punjab? 1849
o In English Dictionary Which Word Has Largest Words? S
o What are Capital goods? Goods used for further production
o Winter rains in Pakistan come from Mediterrenian Sea.
o Horse is the Chinese name given to the year 2000.
o Pollen is produced in a part of the flower called the Calyx.
o After drinking contaminated water you would be most apt to develop symptoms of ‘typhoid fever’.
o Panini was a great scholar of Sanskrit language.
o Hundred years war fought between France and Britain during 1338-1453.
o Wenceslas square is in Prague.
o The first Afro-Asian conference held in April 1955.
o Hot money is said for money which moves from one place to another to seek profit or high rate of
interest.
o Eritrea gained independence on 24th May, 1993.
o Under an agreement with Italy, Vatican city came into being as a sovereign state on 11th February,
1929.
o Charles K Rhodes developed an X-Ray emitting laser in 1990.
o Son meter is an instrument used to study the behavior of vibrating string.
o Liver receives blood from the alimentary canal through hepatic portal vein.
o Singapore city is known as ‘lion city’.
o The instrument used for measuring the velocity of wind is known as anemometer.
o The chemical name of baking soda is sodium bicarbonate.

o Pharaoh is the title of the king of ancient Egypt. They ruled Egypt for 25 centuries.
o National Institute of Oceanography Karachi was established in 1983.
o Lord Chesterfield quoted ‘idleness is only the refuge of weak minds’.
o Dr Abdussalam was awarded Nobel Prize in 1979.
o The largest city of South Africa is Cape Town.
o Two boundary commissions were appointed to demarcate the boundaries between two new states,
Pakistan and India.
o After joining congress, Muslim League joined the interim government in October 1946.
o NPT came into force on 1970.
o The Bofors scandal occurred in India.
o Czar is the title used by the ruler of Russia from 1547 to 1721.
o Gorgon is a terrible monster of Greek mythology.
o Flying foxes are tropical foxes that can fly.
o The reduction or elimination of inflation is called creeping inflation.
o Canada is a leading producer of wood pulp in the world.
o London carnival was first started in 1964.
o Indira Gandhi was the famous PM who first used the popular slogan ‘gharibi hatao’.
o The successful cloning of a sheep was reported by scientist from Roslin Institute Edinburgh (UK) in
1998.
o The new name of Yalamlam is As-Sadiya.
o Czar title was used by the rulers of Russia from 1547 to 1721.
o Gulf Stream is an ocean current named after the Gulf of Mexico.
o Gorgon is a terrible monster of Greek mythology.
o A pair of scissors is an example of a lever.
o Pair of doors belongs to the second class of lever.
o During the winter months 90% of fallen leaves are taken underground by earth worm.
o Dick Turpin was a highway man.
o Jamaica was granted full independence on 6th August, 1962.
o Four US presidents are so far assassinated.
o Sinai Peninsula was vacated and returned to Egypt in 1982.
o Incident ‘Boston Tea Party’ took place in America.
o Initially, Arab league has seven countries.
o Nixon Doctrine was outlined in July 1969.
o King of Malaysia is the only king in the world who is elected for 5 years term.
o Timbola is a kind of lottery.
o The maximum limit of sound beyond which a person can become deaf is 129 lbs.
o Dr. James Watson discovered the structure of DNA in 1953.
o Sir William Howard Russell was the first Great War correspondent.
o A meteorological term for a high pressure is called anticyclone.
o Zenda vesta is a holy book of parsis.
o Islamic summit Minar is erected in Lahore.
o Privatization program began in Pakistan is 1991.
o National anthem of Pakistan was played for the first time on August 13, 1954.
o Spirograph is an apparatus used for recording the movement of the lungs
o Chomas festival is held in Kalash valley near Chitral.
o Docking means rendezvous and link up of spacecraft.
o Defense day is celebrated in Pakistan since 1966.
o Name of a famous mosque in Beijing is Niujie Mosque.
o Flag flown at half-mast means national mourning.
o Maginot line divides France from Germany.
o Declaration of human rights was adopted on 10th December, 1984.
o Olive branch is a sign of peace.
o Cox orange pippen is a biological name of an apple.
o Christopher Wren designed St. Paul’s cathedral in London.
o Afghanistan was known as Ariana.
o Anundsen discovered South Pole in December 14, 1911.
o The first European scientist, who refuted the belief that the earth was the centre of the universe, was
Copernicus.
o The hundred year war actually lasted for 114 years.
o Lenin was the founder of the Russian socialist state.
o Prior to independence, Ghana was called ‘Gold Coast’.
o Tanzania was formed by the unification of two countries, Tanganyika and Zanzibar.
o The first atomic power station of Pakistan was installed in Karachi.
o Star fish is not a star fish but a spiny-skin (Echinodermata) marine animal.
o 760 miles/hr is the speed of sound.
o 1480, 00,000 km is the distance from sun to earth.
o Temperature of Sun is 6000 degree C.
o Necent state in which atomic state of an element as a result of chemical reaction in which it a more
active than in ordinary molecular state.
o Islam was introduced to China in the middle period of the seventh century.

o Chief food of mosquito larva is microorganism found in water.
o Chief food of butterfly larva is leaves of plants.
o Corn adds more oxygen to the atmosphere than it removes.
o Euspongia is known as natural bath sponge.
o Live Fluke, biologically called Fasciola, is found in liver of sheep.
o Earthworm is a bi-sexual.
o Eyes of insects are compound.
o Silk is obtained from cocoon of silk worm.
o Tube light emits radiation even after it is disconnected. It is due to Fluorescence.
o Skin does not excrete oil.
o Plants growing in extremely dry condition are called Xerophytes.
o Roots absorb water from soil which is Hygroscopic.
o Legumes increase the fertility of the soil by adding nitrogen to the soil.
o New varieties of organisms can be brought about by hybridization.
o Male child is born if xy chromosomes are united.
o Fertilization is fusion of two game tics of different strains.
o Fruit developed from single ovary is called simple fruit.
o Seeds are developed from Ovule.
o Parthenocarpic fruits are seedless fruits.
o Grains swell in water due to imbibitions.
o Chlorophyll contains magnesium.
o Mahalanobis model laid great emphasis on development of heavy industries.
o Oxidation is the process in which electron is lost.
o The rate of transpiration depends upon frequency of Stomata.
o Light is necessary for photosynthesis because it produce ATP and reducing substance.
o Oxygen liberated from photosynthesis comes from water.
o Red light is most suitable for photosynthesis.
o Respiration means food oxidation and evolution of energy.
o Chemical preservation of dead organisms in liquid is called Cryo-Bilogy.
o The organisms which are the only living membrane of their group and link two major groups are called
Living Fossil.
o Mammals cannot be cold blooded.
o Trypanosome a parasite causing sleeping sickness.
o Half-time is a time of radioactive substance taken by that substance to decompose radioactivity to half
of its weight.
o Structure of DNA was given by Watson and Crick.
o In Nuclear DNA is concentrated in chromatin.
o Proteins are synthesized by golgi bodies.
o Cellulose respiration is done by Mitochondrion.
o Light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy due to the activity of Chloroplast.
o Protoplasm is a colloidal solution.
o In cryptograms, the sex organs are primitive and hidden.
o Thallophytia include algae, fungi, and lichens.
o Carl Linneus is famous for binomial system of nomenclature.
o Angiosperm includes the plants which have covered flowers and covered seed.
o Plant cells resembles animal cell because having a cell membrane made up of protoplasm.
o Snake have been evolved from lizard.
o Plants in which seed are outside the fruit are called Gymnosperms.
o Linseed oil is used while oil painting.
o Smell is the weakest sense in Birds.
o Owl can rotate his head to 180 degrees on either sides.
o Ostrich eat pebbles for helping digestion by grinding up the ingested food.
o The cuckoo sneaks its eggs into other birds’ nest to hatch.
o Dyne is a unit of Force.
o Birds are warm blooded animals.
o Bird’s bones are hollow.
o Oven birds build strong nests.
o Weaver birds are called to the birds who build their nests.
o Male birds are more colorful than females.
o Birds do not fly are penguins, emus, kiwis, ostriches.
o Breitling orbiter 3 was the first balloon to fly non-stop around the world.

o Aircraft designers test their model of aircraft in with tunnel.
o Flaps are used as air brakes.
o Amphibians were the first vertebrate.
o There are three stages of frog. Egg-tadpole-adult frog.
o Metamorphosis - > a series of changes.
o Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989) was one of the first to study animal behavior.
o Survive very cold weather or very dry weather by going into a deep sleep. Surviving cold condition
like this is called hibernation. Sleeping through hot, dry condition is called aestivation.
o A.D means in the year of our Lord.
o Amal is radical Lebanese Shi’ite military force established in 1970 by Musa Sadr.
o Balfour Declaration was issued in 2 Nov: 1917.
o Yugoslavian city Skopije was destroyed by earthquake in 1963.
o Bootlegging is a form of smuggling.
o Religion of Chinese people is Confucianism.
o Frescois a method of painting on plaster (usually a wall) meaning fresh.
o Kleptomania is an irrational urge to steal.
o Intifada is Palestinian uprising.
o Long March was 9600 km journey organized by Mao Tse Tang in the year of 1931-1934.
o Vnukovo Airport is located at Moscow.
o Mercury Project first manned space programme of USA, carry the first American into space lauched
on 5th May, 1961.
o Pan-Islam originated in 1880 in Ottomon Empire was a movement for uniting the Islamic Nations.
o Paper was invented in 3500 BC by Chinese.
o Printing was invented by Chinese.
o Unity, faith & discipline was used by Quaid on Dec: 28, 1947.
o Philately is the hobby of stamp collection.
o Oscar Award was introduced by Louis B Mayer of Metro Goldwin-Mayer Academy Award in 1927.
o First black president of South Africa was Nelson Mandela his party was banned in 1961 and he was
imprisoned.
o Feminism is the belief that women subordination to men should end.
o Balfour Declaration issued in 2 Nov: 1917.
o Yugoslavian city Skopje was destroyed by earthquake in 1963.
o Bootlegging is a form of smuggling.
o Hydaspes River is now called the Jhelum River.
o Dinosaur means “Terrible” lizard.
o The name of heaviest dinosaur was Branchiosaurus.
o Fresco is a method of painting on plaster it means fresh.
o Kleptomania is an irrational urge to steal.
o Ikhwan as Safa, a secret Arab organization was founded in Basra, Iraq.
o Intifada is Palestinian uprising.
o Long March, a 9600-km journey in 1934 was undertook by Chinese Communists under Mao De Tong.
o Vnukovo airport is in Moscow.
o Pan-Islam, a movement for uniting the Islamic Nations was started in 1880 in Ottoman Empire.
o Paper was invented in 3500 B.C by Chinese.
o Great Pyramid at Giza is the largest Pyramid built in Egypt.
o St. Vitus’s dance is a disease.
o Resin is sticky liquid that emits from plants.
o Pyramids of Egypt are the oldest and only survived wonder.
o Guru (teacher) Nanak was the founder of Sikhism.
o Silk was made firstly in China.
o Skylab was space laboratory launched in 1973 by USA.
o The first tanks were used in 1916 during WW-I by British.
o Harward University is in USA, Cambridge is in UK
o Titanic sank on 14 April, 1912 on voyage from Southampton to New York City in North Atlantic.
o Tour De France is French cycle race.
o First women in space Valentine Tereshkove went into space in Vostoc 6 on 16 June 1963.
o Watergate scandal involved President Richard Nixon in 1972.
o Parses follow Zoroastrianism.
o Seatle is the seaport of USA.
o Dickson is the seaport of Malaysia.
o At Hyde Park London public meetings are assembled.
o Red Square is in Moscow.
o Eskimos live in Igloo.
o Blitzkrieg means sudden attack.
o Dragon is the symbol of China.
o Bear is the symbol of Russia.
o Christopher Coloumbus belonged to Italy.
o Caspian Sea water is shared by Iran, Russia & Azerbaijan.
o Magna Carta is known as the Bible of English Constitution.
o Russian equivalent of Pentagon is Kremlin.

o East Timore, the Colony of Portugal, was captured by Indonesia in 1975.
o Tiwan separated from China in 1949.
o American Naval Base “Diego Garcia” is in Indian Ocean.
o Ulster Unionists wanted to retain British rule in Northern Ireland.
o Anti-Semitism means animosity towards Jews.
o Lens at the end of the compound microscope is called objective.
o Protoza was first observed in compound microscope.
o Francisco Fernandez introduced Tobacco in Europe.
o Mobile phones started in 1977.
o Penology is the study, theory and practice of prison management & criminal rehabilitation.
o Length of India-China border is 3,380 km.
o Cyprus gained independence from Britain in 1960.
o Cyprus was divided into Turkish Repbublic of Northern Cyprus and Greek Cyprus in 1974.
o Al-Azhar University I located in Cairo, Egypt.
o Fortress of Grenada, known as Alhamra is in Spain.
o Capital of ancient Babylonia was Babylon.
o Hanging gardens were in Babylon.
o Babylon was on the bank of Euphrates.
o Alma-Ata (Father of Apples) is the capital of Kazakhstan.
o Turkey and Russia are both in Europe & Asia.
o Ireland is also called Eire.
o Largest earthquake fatalities occurred in Izmir, Turkey in 1999.
o Pentagon is in Arlington, Virginai state.
o Pentagon was designed by George Burgstrom.
o Takla Makan is in China is the driest desert in Asia.
o Cathy Pacific is an island.
o Among the Seven Wonders, Church of Saint Sophia is located in Istanbul.
o Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized Suez Canal in 1956.
o Qutub Minar is in New Delhi.
o Shah Jahan built Taj Mehl for Mumtaz Mehal is located in Agra.
o Capital of Tebet is Lhasa.
o White House is in Washington DC.
o Frigid Zone is the area withing the polar circle area around the South Pole.
o Guantanamo Bay is in Cuba.
o Tartus is the seaport of Syria.
o Statue of Liberty was gifted to US by France in 1884
o Voctoria falls are on the border b/w Zimbabwe & South Africa.
o House of U.S Congress in Washington D.C is on Capitol Hill.
o Saddam Hussain executed on 30 Dec: 2006.
o The idea of SAARC originated in the mind of Zia ur Rehman.
o Pakistan left Commonwealth in 1972 and rejoined in 1989.
o Mustafa Kamal Pasha gave 6 Principles of Kemalism.
o Dayton Accord was signed to solve the problem of Bosnia.
o MI-5 is the secret agency of UK.
o The Chinese communist party was founded in 1921.
o After 27 years of imprisonment, Mr. Nelson Mandela was released in 1990.
o Scandinavia constitutes 3 states.
o Karl Mark and Engels presented the Communist Manifesto in 1848.
o Soviet Union was replaced by Russian federation in December, 1991.
o Anti-governmental protests in China by students, workers and some government officials took place:
Tiananmen Square, in 1989
o The British Secretary of Foreign Affairs A. Balfour announced British support to establish Jewish state
in Palestine in November 2, 1917.
o LAIA stands for Latin American Integration Association.
o World population was one billion in 1803.
o Mani was the Judge of world court.
o The Batista regime in Cuba was overthrown by Fidel Castro in January 1959.
o Rasko mountain is situated in Baluchistan
o Singapore became independent in 1965
o The ‘Aid to Pakistan Consortium’ meets every year in: Paris
o One US barrel is equal to: 159 liters.
Some Important Events
o 100 years’ War England And France (1331-1553)
o 1 Panipat war (1526)
o 2Panipat war (1556)
o 3 Panipat war (1761)
o USA War of Independence (1775-1788)
o French Revolution (1789)

o War of Independence (1857)
o War Of Plassy (1757)
o 1 World War (1914-1918)
o 2 World War (1939-1945)
World Nations
Largest countries of the world
1. Russia (11% of the world)
2. Canada
3. USA
4. China (1st
in Population )
5. Brazil
Note: Ranked by area Pakistan is 34th
in the world
COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD BY POPULATION
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. Indonesia
5. Pakistan (Year 2020) (220 Million ) (2.83% of the world population)
WORLD RELIGIOUS GROUPS
1. Christianity Bible
2. Islam Quran
3. Hinduism Vedas
4. Buddhism Trip taka(Pali)
5. Judaism( Jews ) Torah
WORLD SPOKEN LANGUAGES
1. Mandarin Chinese
2. Hindi
3. Spanish
4. English
5. Arabic
TOP WORLD OIL PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. (USA) Venezuela
2. Saudi Arabia
3. Russia
4. Canada
5. China
TOP WORLD OIL CONSUMER COUNTRIES
1. USA
2. China
3. India
4. Japan
5. Russia
In oil production and reserves Pakistan ranked in the world: 51st
TOP NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION COUNTRIES

1. USA
2. Russia
3. Iran
4. Qatar
5. Canada
In Production of Natural gas Pakistan ranked: 23
TOP NATURAL GAS CONSUMER COUNTRIES
1. USA
2. European Union (Russia)
3. China
4. Iran
5. Japan
In Consumption of Natural gas Pakistan ranked: 24
LIST OF COUNTRIES BY FOREST AREA
1. Russia
2. Brazil
3. Canada
4. USA
5. China
In Forests ranking Pakistan is: 78
LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH NUCLEAR WEAPONS
Uranium discovered German Scientist in 1789: Martin Heinrich Klaproth
1. Russia
2. USA
3. France
4. China
5. UK
6. Pakistan
7. India
8. Israel
9. North Korea
World highest army
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. North Korea
5. Russia
6. Pakistan
7. South Korea
8. Iran
9. Vietnam
10. Saudi Arabia
NUCLEAR POWER PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. USA
2. France
3. Russia
4. South Korea
5. Germany
6. China

7. Canada
COUNTRIES WITH THE LARGEST URANIUM PRODUCTION
1. Kazakhstan
2. Canada
3. Australia
4. Zambia
5. Niger
6. Russia
7. Uzbekistan
8. China
9. USA
10. Ukraine
Pakistan Ranking: 45th
Uranium Production
Counties largest Uranium reserves
1. Australia
2. Kazakhstan
3. Russia
4. Canada
5. South Africa
6. Niger
7. Zambia
8. China
TOP COTTON PRODUCER IN THE WORLD
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. Pakistan
5. Brazil
Top Jute producing countries
Jute is also known as Golden fiber
1. India
2. Bangladesh
3. China
4. Myanmar
5. Uzbekistan
6. Nepal
7. Vietnam
8. Thailand
9. Sudan
10. Egypt
Pakistan ranking: 17th
(2020)
TOP IRON ORE PRODUCTION COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD
1. Australia
2. Brazil
3. China
4. India
5. Russia
Pakistan ranking is : 40

TOP SUGARCANE PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. Brazile
2. India
3. China
4. Thailand
5. Pakistan
TOP GOLD PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. China
2. Australia
3. Russia
4. USA
5. Canada
TOP 10 WHEAT PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. China
2. India
3. Russia
4. USA
5. France
6. Australia
7. Canada
8. Pakistan
9. Ukraine
10. Germany
TOP 10 RICE PRODUCTION COUNTRIES
1. China
2. India
3. Indonesia
4. Bangladesh
5. Vietnam
6. Thailand
7. Myanmar
8. Philippine
9. Brazil
10. Pakistan
Top Tea producing countries
1. China
2. India
3. Kenya
4. Sri-Lanka
5. Vietnam
6. Turkey
7. Indonesia
Top Coffee producing countries
1. Brazil
2. Vietnam
3. Colombia
4. Ethiopia
5. Honduras
6. India
7. Uganda

Wool producing countries
1. Australia
2. China
3. USA
4. New Zealand
5. Argentina
6. Turkey
7. Iran
Top Sheep’s Farming Countries
1. China
2. Australia
3. India
4. Sudan
5. Iran
6. Nigeria
7. UK
8. New-Zealand
Top goat farming countries
1. China
2. India
3. Pakistan
4. Bangladesh
5. Nigeria
6. Sudan
7. Iran
8. Ethiopia
9. Magnolia
10. Indonesia
World Largest camel Livestock in the world
1. Somalia
2. Sudan
3. Kenya
4. Niger
5. Chad
6. Mauritania
7. Ethiopia
8. Pakistan
9. Mali
10. Yemen
World largest Cattles inventory
1. Brazil
2. India
3. China
4. USA
5. Ethiopia
6. Argentina
7. Sudan

8. Pakistan
9. Mexico
10. Australia
Natural rubber producing countries
1. Thailand
2. Indonesia
3. Viet Nam
4. India
5. China
6. Malaysia
7. Philippines
Coal producing countries
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. Australia
5. Indonesia
6. Russia
7. South Africa
In coal production Pakistan ranking: 20th
In coal consumption Pakistan ranking: 38th
Top Electricity Generation countries
1. China
2. USA
3. India
4. Russia
5. Japan
6. Canada
7. Germany
Pakistan Ranking 31st
in the world (2020)
China is the top in the world hydroelectric power generation.
Largest Fisheries production in the world
1. China (World largest exporter of seafood)
2. Indonesia
3. India
4. Vietnam
5. USA
6. Russia
7. Japan
Pakistan Ranking in fisheries 33th in the world.
Pacific Ocean is top in fisheries in the world.
World Tobacco Producer Countries
Tobacco first homeland Continent America
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. Indonesia
5. Zimbabwe

6. Zambia
7. Tanzania
8. Pakistan
Mango production countries
1. India
2. China
3. Thailand
4. Mexico
5. Indonesia
6. Pakistan
7. Brazil
Apple production countries
1. China
2. USA
3. India
4. Turkey
5. Poland
6. Italy
7. France
8. Iran
9. Brazil
10. Russia
Top Banana Production countries
1. India
2. China
3. Philippine
4. Ecuador
5. Brazil
6. Indonesia
7. Angola
Cattles production top countries
1. India
2. Brazil
3. China
4. USA
5. European Union
6. Australia
7. Mexico
Top Milk producing countries
1. USA
2. India
3. China
4. Brazil
5. Germany
6. Russia
7. France
World Highest Industrial countries
Industrial revaluation start from United Kingdom.
Industrial revaluation in 1760 -1840

1. China
2. European Union
3. USA
4. Japan
5. Germany
6. India
7. South Korea
8. UK
9. France
10. Italy
World Largest Economies
1. USA European Union
2. China
3. Japan
4. Germany
5. India
6. UK
7. France
8. Italy
9. Brazil
10. Canada
WORLD INFORMATION
 Total Countries in the world UN recognizes Sovereign: 195
 Biggest Continent by area: Asia
 Biggest continent by population: Asia
 Smallest continent by area: Australia
 Smallest continent by Population: Australia
 Continent without population: Antarctica
 World Biggest city by area: New York (USA)
 World Biggest city by population: Tokyo (Japan)
 World smallest city by area : Vatican City
 World smallest city by population: Hum( Istria)
 World biggest country by population: China
 World smallest country by population: Vatican city (Europe)
 Total countries in Europe: 44
 European Union’s is a group of : 28 Nations
 The world biggest Muslim country by area: Kazakhstan
 World smallest Muslim country by area: Maldives
 The world biggest Muslim country by population: Indonesia
 World smallest Muslim country by population: Maldives
 Smallest Iceland country in the Indian ocean: Maldives
 World Muslim Atomic country : Pakistan
 World tallest building: Burj Khalifa (UAE)
 Biggest planet in the Solar system: Jupiter
 Smallest planet in the Solar system: Mercury
 World fattest planet: Mercury
 World brightest planet is: Venus
 World biggest star: Dog star ( Sirius A)
 World biggest cricket stadium: Melbourne Cricket Stadium (Australia)
 World biggest hockey stadium: Gadaffi Stadium NHS(Lahore, Pak)
 World biggest football stadium: Rungrado 1st
May stadium (North Korea)
 World biggest desert: Sahara desert (Africa) (3.5 Million Square Miles)
 World biggest railways: Trans Siberian Railways ( Russia)
 World biggest wall: The great wall of china (China)

 Hottest place in the world: El Azizia ( Libya)
 Coldest place in the world: Oymyakon ( Siberia)
 World old religion: Hinduism
 World oil Exporter: Saudi Arabia
 World oil reserves: Venezuela (USA) and Saudi Arabia
 World biggest consumer: USA
 Highest birth rate country: Niger (Africa)
 World highest death rate country: Niger ( Africa)
 World lowest birth rate: Monaco ( Europe) and Bulgaria (Eurpoe)
 World poorest Country: Rwanda
 World Richest country: Qatar and Switzerland
 Seafood’s production: China
 World biggest gold producer: China
 World biggest fish producer: China
 World biggest tea producer: China
 World biggest cotton producer: China
 World biggest coffee producer: Brazil
 World biggest sugarcane producer: Brazil
 World biggest jute producer: India
 World biggest Mango production: India
 World biggest Pomegranates production: India
 Top Copper producer in the world: Chile
 Top Milk producing country : USA
 Top apricot producing country: Turkey
 Top grapes producing country: China
 Top in paper production : China
Oceans of the World
Oceans of the World covered earth total areas: 70.8% (361,132,000km2)
1. Pacific Ocean 1st (World Largest)
 South pole
 Australia, Asia, America
 Pacific ocean meet Atlantic at Cape Horn (South America)

2. Atlantic Ocean 2nd (World Largest)
 South Pole
 America , Africa , Europe
 Atlantic ocean meet the Indian ocean at Cape Agulhas (Africa)
3. Indian Ocean 3rd (World Largest)
 South pole
 India, Arabian Peninsula , Africa , Australia
 Indian ocean meet Pacific at (Australia )
4. Arctic Ocean 4rth (World Smallest )
 North Pole
 North America , Green land, Iceland , Siberia
 Arctic Ocean meet Atlantic ocean at (Greenland and Iceland )
5. Southern Ocean 5th (World 2nd smallest )
 South pole
 It is surrounding Antarctica at 60° south latitude
 Antarctic sea ice covered
Oceans and seas of the World
 Largest Ocean : Pacific Ocean (South Pole)
 Smallest ocean: Arctic Ocean (North Pole)
 Deepest ocean: Pacific ocean
 Largest sea: South China Sea
 Smallest sea: Baltic Sea
 Largest Iceland: Greenland
 Longest River in the world: Nile (Egypt)
 Largest Water fall: Angels falls (Venezuela)
 Longest Canal in the world: Grand Canal (China)
 Suez canal connecting Mediterranean sea to Red sea: 17 November 1869
 World largest lake: Caspian sea (5 countries T,K,A,I,R)
 World fresh water largest lake by area: Lake Superior (USA and Canada)
 World fresh water lake by volume: Lake Bikal (Russia)
 World deepest Lake: Lake Bikal (Russia)
 World biggest artificial lake: Lake Kariba (Zambia and Zimbabwe)
 Deepest point of the earth : Mariana Trench (In ocean)
 Lowest point on Earth: Dead sea (In surface)
 World biggest delta: Bangladesh
 World Biggest Peninsula: Arabian Peninsula
 World biggest Gulf: Gulf of Mexico
 Smallest gulf in the world: Gulf of California
 World Largest strait: Malacca Strait (Indonesia and Malaysia)
 World smallest strait: Bosporus Strait ( Black sea and Marmara) Turkey
 World longest bridge: Lake Pontchartrain
 Biggest dam in the world: Three Gorges Dam (China)
 World Tallest dam: Jinping (China)
 Density of water: 1g/cm3
 Tsunami is the word of: Japanese language
Famous Universities of the World
University of Oxford: UK (Established 1096)
University of Cambridge: UK (Established 1209)

Harvard University: USA (Established 1636)
Stanford University: California (Established 1891)
Princeton University: USA (Established 1746)
Al-Azhar University: Cairo (Egypt) (Established 970)
Panama Papers
11.5 Million Leaked Documents
Offshore companies involved: 214,488
Panama is the country of: Central America
SOPs: Standard Operating Procedure
NRO: National Reconciliation Ordinance
Treaty of Lausanne
Treaty signed: July 24, 1923 in Lausanne, Switzerland
Nautical Miles
Unit if length used in air, marine and space navigation
Meters: 1852
Foot: 6076
Unit System: Non-SI Unit
Symbol: M,NM, or nmi
Mile or Kilometers
Word mile derived from: Latin Word
One mile is equal to 1.60934 Kilometers
One mile is equal to: 1609.344 meters
One kilometers is equal to: 1000 meters
Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea connected with: Atlantic sea
Red Sea
In Indian Ocean lying between Africa and Arabia
Outflow: Bab el Mandeb
Length: 2250 km (1400mi)
Width: 355km (221mi)
Capital of some Important Countries
Senegal capital: Dakar
Gate way to West Africa: Senegal
Capital of Mali: Bamako
Capital of Somalia: Mogadishu
Capital of Vietnam: Hanoi
Capital of Iraq: Baghdad
Capital of Afghanistan: Kabul
Capital of Yemen: Sana

Nobel PEACE prize
Nobel peace prize 2019: Abiy Ahmed
Nobel Prize
Alfred Nobel: Swedish Chemist (1833-1896)
First Nobel peace prize: Jean Henri Dunant ( Red cross movement)
First Physics prize: Wilhelm Rontgen ( X-Rays)
Organizations of the World
United Nations
The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain international peace
and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve International Corporation, and be
a center of harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the largest, most familiar, most internationally
represented and most powerful intergovernmental organization in the world.
Abbreviation: UN
Formation: 24 October 1945 (74 years ago)
Headquarter: New York City
Secretary General: Antonio Guterres
Deputy Secretary General: Amina J. Mohammed
General Assembly president: Tijjani Muhammad Bande
Economic and social council president: Mona jull
Security Council president: Dang Dinh Quy
Member’s states: 193
Pakistan became the member of UN: 30 September 1947
First representative of Pakistan in UN: Syed Itaat Husain ( 1948-1951)
Permanent representative of Pakistan in UN: Munir Akram (Incumbent)
Maleeha Lodhi became representative in UN: 2015-2019
Permanent representative of Pakistan in UN term length: 3 years
Observer states: 2 ( Vatican city and Palestine)
World Health Organization
World Health Organization is the specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for
International public health.
Abbreviation: WHO
Formation: 7 April 1948 (71 years ago)
Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland
Head Director –General: Tedros Adhanom
World Trade Organization
The world trade organization is an intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the
regulation of international trade between nations.

Abbreviation: WTO
Formation: 1 January 1995 (25 years ago)
Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland
Head Director –General: Roberto Azevedo
Members’ states: 164
Pakistan became the member of WTO in: 1 January 1995
SAARC
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SAARC is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union states in south Asia.
The organization promotes development of economic and regional integration. First summit at
Dhaka (Bangladesh) 7-8 December, hosted by president of Bangladesh Hussain Ershad. SAARC
maintains permanent diplomatic relations at the UN as an observer and has developed links with
multilateral entities, including the European Union. SAARC Secretariat Kathmandu (Nepal) in 16
January 1987 King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah of Nepal. It launched the South Asian Free Trade
Area in 2006.
Abbreviation: SAARC
Formation: 08 December 1985 Dhaka (Bangladesh)
Headquarter: Kathmandu (Nepal) 16 January 1987
Sectary General: Esala Weerakoon (Sri-Lanka)
GDP: 3.31Trillion (5th
in the world)
Observer states: 09
Member’s states
1. Afghanistan Currency: Afghani (AFN) Kabul
2. Pakistan Currency: Rupee (PKR) Islamabad
3. India Currency: Rupee (INR) New Delhi
4. Bangladesh Currency: Taka (BDT) Dhaka
5. Maldives Currency: Rufiyaa (MVR) Male
6. Nepal Currency: Rupee (NPR) Katmandu
7. Bhutan Currency: Ngultrum (BTN) Thimphu
8. Sri-Lanka Currency: Rupee (LKR) Colombo
Afghanistan joins SAARC 03 April 2007 in New Delhi (India)
SAARC Summits in Pakistan
1. Fourth (1988) Islamabad
2. 12th
( 2006) Islamabad
3. 19th
(2019) Postponed
Organization of the Islamic Corporation
Organization of the Islamic Corporation is an international organization founded in 1969,
consisting of 57 member’s states, with collective populations of over 1.8 billion as 53 Muslim
majority countries. This organization is the collective voice of Muslim world.
Abbreviation: OIC
Formation: 1969
Headquarter: Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)
Sectary General: Yousef Al-Othaimeen

Observer states: 02 (Russia and Thailand)
GDP: 27 Trillion plus (2019)
Pakistan joins OIC in 1969
Economic Cooperation Organization
Economic Cooperation Organization is an Asian political and economic intergovernmental
organization which was founded in 1985 Tehran (Iran) by the leaders of Iran, Pakistan and
Turkey.
Abbreviation: ECO
Formation: 1985
Headquarter: Tehran (Iran)
Sectary General: Hadi Soleimanpour
1. Afghanistan Currency: Afghani (AFN) Kabul
2. Azerbaijan Currency: Manat (AZN) Baku
3. Iran Currency: Rial (IRR) Tehran
4. Kazakhstan Currency: Tenge (KZT) Nur-Sultan
5. Kyrgyzstan Currency: Som (KGS) Bishkek
6. Pakistan Currency: Rupee (PKR) Islamabad
7. Tajikistan Currency: Somoni (TJS) Dushanbe
8. Turkey Currency: Lira (TRY) Ankara
9. Turkmenistan Currency: Manat (TMT) Ashgabat
10.Uzbekistan Currency: Som (UZS) Tashkent
Observer states: 01 (Northern Cyprus)
GDP: 1.8 Trillion (2018)
Internal Monetary Fund
International Monetary fund is an international organization headquarter in Washington D.C ,
Consisting of 189 Countries working to faster global monetary cooperation, secure financially
stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic
growth, and reduce poverty around the world while periodically depending on the world bank
resources.
Abbreviation: IMF
Formation: 27 December 1945 (74 years ago)
Formed by: In 1944 Bretton woods conference the idea of Harry Dexter White and John
Maynard Keynes
Headquarter: Washington D.C
Parent Organization: UN
Managing Director: Kristalina Georgieva
Chief Economist: Gita Gopinath
Pakistan became the member of IMF since: 1950
Pakistan and IMF
Pakistan became the member of IMF since 1950.

Pakistan first time went to IMF in 1958 for bailout and IMF lent out US25000 Dollar to Pakistan
a standby agreement basis on 08 December 1958.
IMF lending programs are two types:
1. General resource account (GRA)
2. Poverty Reduction Growth Trust (PRGT)
Stand-by agreement Agreements: Short term loans payback within 5 years.
World Bank
World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the
governments of poorer countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. It comprises two
instantiations.
1. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
2. International Development Association ( IDA)
Formation: 1944 (75 years ago)
Formed by: John Maynard Keynes, Harry Dexter white
Headquarter: Washington D.C (USA)
President: David Malpass (USA)
Chief Economists: Shanta Devarajan (USA)
Member’s states:
1. 189 IBDR
2. 173 IDA
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization also called North Atlantic Alliance is an intergovernmental
military alliance between 30 North Americans and European countries.
Abbreviation: NATO
Formation: 4 April 1949
Type: Military Alliance
Headquarter: Brussels (Belgium)
Sectary General: Jens Stoltenberg
FATF
Financial Action Task Force
Founded: 1989
Headquarter: Paris, France
Members: 39
Purpose: Combat money laundering and terrorism financing

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